by Police - Bureau of Police Research and Development
by Police - Bureau of Police Research and Development
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The Indian <strong>Police</strong> JournalProvisioning after Retirementganika had grown old, lost their beauty, or became crippledor incapable <strong>of</strong> gaining any money, like King’s servants, she had aright to a pension. 176 Kautilya had probably realized the psychologybehind it that having known better days; they could not stick to anymean pr<strong>of</strong>ession, which did not provide comfort. Hence, Kautilya laysdown that ganikas, pratiganikas [shorten substitute for the (ganikas),(rupajivas, vesyas, dasisan artisan] are to be given pension <strong>by</strong> the Statein old age.Kautilya Government relief <strong>and</strong> assistance scheme for the persons, who werenot able to maintain themselves 177 <strong>and</strong> widows <strong>and</strong> orphans’ schemein case <strong>of</strong> the death <strong>of</strong> Government servants. 178 It is to be assumedthat these women were employed <strong>by</strong> the State <strong>and</strong> had earlier paidtaxes to the State, which the State regarded partially as providentfund contribution against old age, disability, retirement <strong>and</strong> penury<strong>and</strong> it might have served some measures <strong>of</strong> security to elderlywomen, who would otherwise be wholly destitute. Kautilya stated:“Saubhagyabhange matrkam kuryat 179 <strong>and</strong> ganika dasi bhagna-bhogakosthagare mahahase va karma Kuryat. 180 If ganika has lost her beauty(saubhagya), she should be appointed as procuress (Matrika).”“If a ganika or dasi (lower kind <strong>of</strong> ganika) has become incapable <strong>of</strong>enduring service in the form <strong>of</strong> employment (Bhagnabhoga), she shallperform the work in the storehouse <strong>of</strong> kitchen <strong>of</strong> the King.” 181 income was lower, mostly to work as procuresses in the service <strong>of</strong> theKing <strong>and</strong> if they had become very old, were completely incapable <strong>of</strong>rendering any service to the King either as ganika or matrikas (lowerkind <strong>of</strong> ganika), they had to work in the storehouse or kitchen <strong>of</strong> theKing, where they received some kinds <strong>of</strong> remuneration. 182Locations <strong>of</strong> Prostitutes in the TownsThe Mahabharata recommends the situation <strong>of</strong> prostitute’s quartersin the south <strong>of</strong> the township, the direction <strong>of</strong> yama, the god <strong>of</strong> death.In the Manasollasa fame should be situated on the outskirts <strong>of</strong> the town. 183 Agnipuranamentions dancers’ living places to the south <strong>of</strong> the town. “Daksinehrtya-vrttinam Vesya-strinam grhani ca”. 184 In the Milindra Panha, it202 January - March, 2013
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