First Responder EMS Curriculum for Training Centers in Eurasia

10 and, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15." (Any mnemonic that accomplishes the same compressionrate is acceptable. For ease of recollection, use the "and" only up to the number 10.)3. Open the airway and deliver two slow rescue breaths (2 seconds each).4. Find the proper hand position and begin 15 more compressions at a rate of 100 perminute.5. Perform 4 complete cycles of 15 compressions and 2 ventilations.f. ReassessmentReevaluate the victim according to local protocol. In the United States, this will be after4 cycles of compressions and ventilations (15:2 ratio); elsewhere, reevaluation may berecommended only if the victim shows some sign of recovery. Check for signs ofcirculation (10 seconds). If there are no signs of circulation, resume CPR, beginning withchest compressions. If signs of circulation are present, check for breathing.1. If breathing is present, place the victim in a recovery position and monitor breathingand circulation.2. If breathing is absent but signs of circulation are present, provide rescue breathing at10 to 12 times per minute (1 breath every 4 to 5 seconds) and monitor for signs ofcirculation every few minutes.3. If there are no signs of circulation, continue compressions and ventilations in a 15:2ratio.4. Stop and check for signs of circulation and spontaneous breathing every few minutes(according to local protocol).5. Do not interrupt CPR except in special circumstances.6. If adequate spontaneous breathing is restored and signs of circulation are present,maintain an open airway and place the patient in a recovery position.2. Adult CPR Performed by Two Rescuersa. Roles1. One person is positioned at the victim’s side and performs chest compressions.2. The other rescuer remains at the victim’s head, maintains an open airway, monitorsthe carotid pulse to assess effectiveness of chest compressions, and provides rescuebreathing.3. When the person performing chest compressions becomes fatigued, the rescuersshould change positions with minimal interruption of chest compressions.b. Airway, Breathing, Circulation1. The compression rate for two-rescuer CPR is 100 per minute.2. The compression-ventilation ratio is 15:2, with a pause for ventilation of 2 secondseach until the airway is secured by a cuffed tracheal tube.3. Exhalation occurs between the two breaths and during the first chest compression ofthe next cycle.c. Reassessment1. The rescuers must monitor the victim’s condition to assess the effectiveness of therescue effort.2. The person ventilating the victim assumes the responsibility for monitoring signs ofcirculation and breathing.3. To assess the effectiveness of the partner’s chest compressions, the professionalrescuer should check the pulse during compressions.278 First Responder EMS Curriculum/AIHA, July 2002