First Responder EMS Curriculum for Training Centers in Eurasia

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Practical Lab MaterialsAirway .....................................................................................................................243Patient Assessment.................................................................................................247Circulation ...............................................................................................................251Illness and Injury .....................................................................................................253Childbirth and Children............................................................................................259Lifting and Moving Patients .....................................................................................263Skill DescriptionsAirway .....................................................................................................................267Patient Assessment.................................................................................................275Circulation ...............................................................................................................277Illness and Injury .....................................................................................................283Childbirth and Children............................................................................................287Lifting and Moving Patients .....................................................................................289Skill AlgorithmsAirway .....................................................................................................................291Patient Assessment.................................................................................................295Circulation ...............................................................................................................299Illness and Injury .....................................................................................................303Childbirth and Children............................................................................................307Lifting and Moving Patients .....................................................................................311Sample Case ScenariosAirway .....................................................................................................................315Patient Assessment.................................................................................................317Circulation ...............................................................................................................319Illness and Injury .....................................................................................................321Childbirth and Children............................................................................................323Lifting and Moving Patients .....................................................................................325AppendicesA The Sequence of BLS: Assessment, EMS Activation, the ABCs of CPR,and the "D" of Defibrillation ...............................................................................327B Sequence of Pediatric BLS: The ABCs of CPR ................................................347C Epidemiology, Recognition, and Management of Foreign Body AirwayObstruction in Adults.........................................................................................371D Relief of Foreign-Body Airway Obstruction in Infants and Children...................379Testing MaterialsFirst Responder Pre-Course Test with Answer Key ................................................385First Responder Post-Course Test with Answer Key...............................................393First Responder Extra Test Questions ....................................................................405List of Figures1 Mouth-to-mouth-and-nose breathing for small infant victim ..............................2802 Mouth-to-mouth breathing for child victim .........................................................2803 Two-finger chest compression technique in infant (one rescuer)......................2804 Two thumb-encircling hands chest compression technique in infant(two rescuers) ...................................................................................................2815 One-hand chest compression technique in child...............................................282viFirst Responder EMS Curriculum/AIHA, July 2002
6 Check for unresponsiveness and EMS activation............................................. 3287 Obstruction by the tongue and epiglottis .......................................................... 3298 Head tilt-chin lift ................................................................................................ 3299 Jaw thrust without head tilt. .............................................................................. 33010 The recovery position ....................................................................................... 33111 Mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing..................................................................... 33212 Mouth-to-nose rescue breathing....................................................................... 33313 Mouth-to-stoma rescue breathing..................................................................... 33414 Face shield ....................................................................................................... 33515 Mouth-to-mask, cephalic technique .................................................................. 33516 Mouth-to-mask, lateral technique ..................................................................... 33617 Two-rescuer use of the bag mask. ................................................................... 33718 One-rescuer use of the bag mask .................................................................... 33819 Cricoid pressure (Sellick maneuver)................................................................. 33920 Sensitivity, Specificity, and Reliability of Pulse Check ...................................... 34021 Checking the carotid pulse ............................................................................... 34222 Positioning the rescuer's hands on the lower half of the sternum..................... 34323 Position of the rescuer during compressions.................................................... 34424 Pediatric BLS algorithm .................................................................................... 34725 Head tilt-chin lift for child victim. ....................................................................... 35126 Jaw thrust for child victim ................................................................................. 35127 Recovery position ............................................................................................. 35228 Mouth-to-mouth-and-nose breathing for small infant victim.............................. 35329 Mouth-to-mouth breathing for child victim......................................................... 35430 Bag-mask ventilation for child victim................................................................. 35731 Brachial pulse check in infant ........................................................................... 36132 Carotid pulse check in child.............................................................................. 36133 One-rescuer infant CPR while carrying victim, with infant supported onrescuer's forearm.............................................................................................. 36334 Two-finger chest compression technique in infant (one rescuer)...................... 36435 Two thumb-encircling hands chest compression technique in infant(two rescuers)................................................................................................... 36436 One-hand chest compression technique in child .............................................. 36637 Universal choking sign...................................................................................... 37238 Subdiaphragmatic abdominal thrust (Heimlich maneuver), victim standing...... 37439 Finger sweep.................................................................................................... 37540 Healthcare provider provision of subdiaphragmatic abdominal thrust(Heimlich maneuver) in unresponsive/ unconscious victim............................... 37641 Infant back blows to relieve complete FBAO .................................................... 38142 Abdominal thrusts performed for a responsive child with FBAO....................... 38243 Abdominal thrusts performed for supine, unresponsive child ........................... 383Lecture MaterialsLecture HandoutsLecture SlidesFirst Responder EMS Curriculum/AIHA, July 2002vii
Page 3: PrefaceIn the region of Central and
Page 11 and 12: Guidelines for Conducting the First
Page 13 and 14: sheets supplied in this guide will
Page 15 and 16: should have attended a workshop tha
Page 17 and 18: Job Description: First ResponderThe
Page 19: c. Additional Skills1. Use of the t
Page 22 and 23: as possible. After students have pr
Page 25 and 26: Guidelines for Case-Based Practical
Page 27 and 28: General Lecturing GuidelinesChapter
Page 29: discussing the different methods of
Page 32 and 33: survival. First Responders include
Page 34 and 35: medical director functions to ensur
Page 37 and 38: First Responder EMS Curriculum/AIHA
Page 41 and 42: Well-Being of the First ResponderCo
Page 43 and 44: and family. Do not become defensive
Page 45 and 46: 1. Eye protection. Safety glasses m
Page 51 and 52: Legal and Ethical IssuesContents1.
Page 53 and 54: a. Expressed ConsentExpressed conse
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First Responder EMS Curriculum/AIHA
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The Human Body: A Systems ApproachC
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that the pharynx performs the dual
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c. Kinesthetic (Doing)1. Students w
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38 First Responder EMS Curriculum/A
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Lifting and Moving PatientsContents
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If the patient is on the floor or g
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7. Application of Content Materiala
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14. Describe how to clear a foreign
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Precautions1. Finger must not press
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. Finger SweepsThis method involves
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4. Place your other fingers along t
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. Management of the Obstructed Airw
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5. Students will practice ventilati
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19. Explain what additional questio
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can be determined by questioning th
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Determine estimated time of arrival
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E - Events Leading to the Injury or
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c. Kinesthetic (Doing)1. Students w
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100 First Responder EMS Curriculum/
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CirculationContents1. Objectivesa.
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Veins are the vessels that carry bl
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Step 5:Step 6:Step 7:Step 8:Step 9:
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Steps of Infant CPRStep 1: Assess r
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a. Use of the Semiautomatic Externa
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PracticalEvaluate the actions of th
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Medical EmergenciesContents1. Objec
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5. Demonstrate the steps in providi
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additional emergency medical person
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this internal temperature, adverse
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Signs and SymptomsSigns and symptom
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3. Ask questions in a calm, reassur
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EvaluationWrittenDevelop evaluation
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2. Attend to the feelings of the pa
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transmission of disease to yourself
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Sharp, pointed objects cause penetr
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c. Chemical BurnsChemical burns fro
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6. Partial-thickness burns7. Full-t
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2. Demonstrate opening the airway i
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3. Try to pad the extremity to prev
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soft tissue injuries. Remember, the
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2. IntroductionChildbirth can occur
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a. Delivery ProceduresWhen assistin
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5. Student Activitiesa. Auditory (H
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Infants and ChildrenContents1. Obje
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Suctioning the airway also is an im
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6. Common Problems in Infants and C
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Remember that parents will be in ag
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Vigorous shaking of a baby may show
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3. DispatchDispatch is the communic
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in the absence of airway problems,
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Documentation and Quality Managemen
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Identify concrete, specific project
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Practical Lab: AirwayObjectives1. C
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6. Students will practice insertion
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Assistant Instructor:The instructor
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Practical Lab: CirculationObjective
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Practical Lab: Illness and InjuryOb
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Instructor will demonstrate the pro
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19. Students will practice manual s
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Assistant InstructorThe instructor-
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Practical Lab: Lifting and Moving P
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EvaluationPracticalEvaluate the act
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4. Insert it posteriorly. Bevel sho
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• 20 breaths per minute for child
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one per second, each with the inten
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Skill Descriptions: Patient Assessm
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Skill Descriptions: CirculationNote
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4. To determine whether the victim
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• Place the two fingers of one ha
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Skill Descriptions: Illness and Inj
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• Apply enough pressure to contro
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12. As the feet are delivered, gras
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2. The rescuer at the head places o
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Skill Algorithms: AirwayForeign Bod
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Trauma PatientSkill Algorithms: Pat
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Skill Algorithms: Patient Assessmen
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Two-Person CPRSkill Algorithms: Cir
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External BleedingSkill Algorithms:
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Skill Algorithms: Illness and Injur
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Skill Algorithms: Childbirth and Ch
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Skill Algorithms: Lifting and Movin
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Skill Algorithms: Lifting and Movin
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Sample Case Scenario - Patient Asse
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Sample Case Scenario - Illness and
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Sample Case Scenario - Childbirth a
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• Demonstrate the extremity lift.
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Figure 6. Check for unresponsivenes
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Head Tilt-Chin Lift ManeuverTo acco
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help. Monitor the victim, particula
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necessary to open the victim's mout
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In the second technique (lateral te
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is important to note that this smal
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CirculationAssessment: No Pulse Che
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these arteries even when hypotensio
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the nipples. This method has been u
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Current evidence indicates that the
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assess the victim's responsiveness
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arrhythmias should be instructed to
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jaw lift, for use in unresponsive v
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Figure 29. Mouth-to-mouth breathing
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Types of Ventilation Bags (Manual R
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Gastric Inflation. Increasing inspi
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. Specificity (ability to correctly
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After provision of approximately 20
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Chest Compression in the Infant (<
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ventilation after every fifth compr
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Coordination of Compressions and Re
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necessary to maintain optimal venti
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5. Keep foreign objects (i.e., marb
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Figure 38. Subdiaphragmaticabdomina
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tongue. Then use a hooking action t
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APPENDIX DRelief of Foreign-Body Ai
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Figure 41. Infant back blows to rel
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4. Repeat steps 1 through 3 until t
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6. It may be necessary for the Firs
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18. The correct rate to deliver che
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30. What is the greatest danger to
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First Responder Post-Course Test1.
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12. Which of the following statemen
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24. Components of an ongoing assess
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36. An adult patient sustains burns
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48. Which of the following is true?
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First Responder Extra Test Question
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11. Negligence is the deviation fro
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Answer KeyFirst Responder Extra Tes
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First Responder EMS Curriculum for Training Centers in Eurasia

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