First Responder EMS Curriculum for Training Centers in Eurasia

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and thigh). The radial arteries supply the distal arms and can be palpated at the palmside of the wrist, thumb side. The brachial arteries supply the upper arms and can bepalpated on the inner aspect of the upper arm between the elbow and shoulder. Thisartery may be especially useful in infants and children.The capillaries are tiny blood vessels that connect arteries and veins. These thin-walledvessels are the site of the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. The veins are theblood vessels that carry blood rich in carbon dioxide and waste products back to theheart. These byproducts of cellular metabolism are then excreted from the lungs.d. Nervous SystemThe nervous system is composed of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Thebrain provides higher mental functions of thought and emotion and controls thevoluntary muscle functions of the body. The nervous system also controls involuntaryactivities of the body (e.g., digestion).Basic anatomy of the nervous system can be broken down into two systems: the centralnervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system iscomposed of the brain (located in the cranium) and the spinal cord (located in the spinalcolumn). The peripheral nervous system consists of sensory nerves (carry informationfrom the body to the spinal cord and brain) and motor nerves (carry information fromthe brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body).e. Integument (Skin) SystemThe skin performs several important functions. It protects the body from theenvironmental extremes of heat and cold. It acts as a barrier to bacteria and otherorganisms, helps regulate the temperature of the body, and prevents dehydration. It alsosenses heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain, and transmits this information to the brainand spinal cord.4. Application of Content Materiala. Procedural (How)None identified for this lesson.b. Contextual (When, Where, Why)The First Responders must have a basic understanding of human anatomy and function.This knowledge is necessary for appropriate evaluation of patients, as well ascommunicating information to other health professionals. The First Responders mustunderstand the basic components of the systems of the human body. Knowledge fromthis lesson is a crucial building block for the rest of the course.5. Student Activitiesa. Auditory (Hearing)1. Students will listen to a description of the components and systems of the humanbody.b. Visual (Seeing)1. Students will see the various components and systems of the human body throughthe use of models, diagrams, etc.34First Responder EMS Curriculum/AIHA, July 2002
c. Kinesthetic (Doing)1. Students will be able to identify structures of the human anatomy and the body’stopographical landmarks.Instructor Activities• Facilitate discussion.• Reinforce student progress in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains.• Redirect students having difficulty with content.EvaluationWrittenDevelop evaluation instruments (e.g., quizzes, oral reviews, and handouts) to determine if thestudents have met the cognitive and affective objectives of this lesson.PracticalEvaluate the actions of the First Responder students during role play, practice, or other skillstations to determine their compliance with the cognitive and affective objectives and theirmastery of the psychomotor objectives of this lesson.First Responder EMS Curriculum/AIHA, July 2002 35
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PrefaceIn the region of Central and
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Practical Lab MaterialsAirway .....
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Guidelines for Conducting the First
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Page 17 and 18: Job Description: First ResponderThe
Page 19: c. Additional Skills1. Use of the t
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Page 27 and 28: General Lecturing GuidelinesChapter
Page 29: discussing the different methods of
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Page 41 and 42: Well-Being of the First ResponderCo
Page 43 and 44: and family. Do not become defensive
Page 45 and 46: 1. Eye protection. Safety glasses m
Page 51 and 52: Legal and Ethical IssuesContents1.
Page 53 and 54: a. Expressed ConsentExpressed conse
Page 55 and 56: 14. DocumentationProviding written
Page 61 and 62: The Human Body: A Systems ApproachC
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Page 75 and 76: Lifting and Moving PatientsContents
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Page 92 and 93: 14. Describe how to clear a foreign
Page 94 and 95: Precautions1. Finger must not press
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Determine estimated time of arrival
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E - Events Leading to the Injury or
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c. Kinesthetic (Doing)1. Students w
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90 First Responder EMS Curriculum/A
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100 First Responder EMS Curriculum/
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CirculationContents1. Objectivesa.
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Veins are the vessels that carry bl
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Step 5:Step 6:Step 7:Step 8:Step 9:
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Steps of Infant CPRStep 1: Assess r
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a. Use of the Semiautomatic Externa
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PracticalEvaluate the actions of th
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Medical EmergenciesContents1. Objec
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5. Demonstrate the steps in providi
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additional emergency medical person
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this internal temperature, adverse
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Signs and SymptomsSigns and symptom
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3. Ask questions in a calm, reassur
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EvaluationWrittenDevelop evaluation
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2. Attend to the feelings of the pa
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transmission of disease to yourself
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Sharp, pointed objects cause penetr
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c. Chemical BurnsChemical burns fro
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6. Partial-thickness burns7. Full-t
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2. Demonstrate opening the airway i
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3. Try to pad the extremity to prev
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soft tissue injuries. Remember, the
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First Responder EMS Curriculum/AIHA
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2. IntroductionChildbirth can occur
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a. Delivery ProceduresWhen assistin
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5. Student Activitiesa. Auditory (H
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Infants and ChildrenContents1. Obje
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Suctioning the airway also is an im
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6. Common Problems in Infants and C
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Remember that parents will be in ag
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Vigorous shaking of a baby may show
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3. DispatchDispatch is the communic
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in the absence of airway problems,
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Documentation and Quality Managemen
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Identify concrete, specific project
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Practical Lab: AirwayObjectives1. C
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6. Students will practice insertion
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Assistant Instructor:The instructor
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Practical Lab: CirculationObjective
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Practical Lab: Illness and InjuryOb
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Instructor will demonstrate the pro
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19. Students will practice manual s
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Assistant InstructorThe instructor-
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Practical Lab: Lifting and Moving P
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EvaluationPracticalEvaluate the act
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4. Insert it posteriorly. Bevel sho
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• 20 breaths per minute for child
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one per second, each with the inten
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Skill Descriptions: Patient Assessm
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Skill Descriptions: CirculationNote
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4. To determine whether the victim
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• Place the two fingers of one ha
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Skill Descriptions: Illness and Inj
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• Apply enough pressure to contro
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12. As the feet are delivered, gras
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2. The rescuer at the head places o
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Skill Algorithms: AirwayForeign Bod
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Trauma PatientSkill Algorithms: Pat
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Skill Algorithms: Patient Assessmen
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Two-Person CPRSkill Algorithms: Cir
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External BleedingSkill Algorithms:
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Skill Algorithms: Illness and Injur
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Skill Algorithms: Childbirth and Ch
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Skill Algorithms: Lifting and Movin
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Skill Algorithms: Lifting and Movin
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Sample Case Scenario - Patient Asse
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Sample Case Scenario - Illness and
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Sample Case Scenario - Childbirth a
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• Demonstrate the extremity lift.
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Figure 6. Check for unresponsivenes
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Head Tilt-Chin Lift ManeuverTo acco
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help. Monitor the victim, particula
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necessary to open the victim's mout
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In the second technique (lateral te
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is important to note that this smal
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CirculationAssessment: No Pulse Che
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these arteries even when hypotensio
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the nipples. This method has been u
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Current evidence indicates that the
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assess the victim's responsiveness
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arrhythmias should be instructed to
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jaw lift, for use in unresponsive v
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Figure 29. Mouth-to-mouth breathing
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Types of Ventilation Bags (Manual R
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Gastric Inflation. Increasing inspi
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. Specificity (ability to correctly
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After provision of approximately 20
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Chest Compression in the Infant (<
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ventilation after every fifth compr
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Coordination of Compressions and Re
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necessary to maintain optimal venti
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5. Keep foreign objects (i.e., marb
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Figure 38. Subdiaphragmaticabdomina
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tongue. Then use a hooking action t
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APPENDIX DRelief of Foreign-Body Ai
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Figure 41. Infant back blows to rel
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4. Repeat steps 1 through 3 until t
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6. It may be necessary for the Firs
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18. The correct rate to deliver che
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30. What is the greatest danger to
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First Responder Post-Course Test1.
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12. Which of the following statemen
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24. Components of an ongoing assess
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36. An adult patient sustains burns
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48. Which of the following is true?
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First Responder Extra Test Question
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11. Negligence is the deviation fro
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Answer KeyFirst Responder Extra Tes
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First Responder EMS Curriculum for Training Centers in Eurasia

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