First Responder EMS Curriculum for Training Centers in Eurasia

– Do not use dry ice.7. Management of Burns1. Comfort, calm, and reassure the patient while awaiting additional emergency medicalservices (EMS) resources.2. Stop the burning process initially with water or saline.3. Remove smoldering clothing and jewelry.• Be aware that some clothing may have melted to the skin.• If you meet resistance when removing the clothing, leave the clothing in place.4. Maintain body substance isolation.5. Continually monitor the airway for evidence of closure.6. Prevent further contamination.7. Cover the burned area with a dry sterile dressing.8. Do not use any type of ointment, lotion, or antiseptic.9. Do not break blisters.8. Emergency Medical Care of Bone or Joint Injuries1. Maintain body substance isolation.2. After controlling life-threatening injuries, allow patient to remain in a position ofcomfort.3. Apply cold pack to area of painful, swollen, deformed extremity to reduce swelling andpain.4. Manually stabilize extremity:• Support above and below an injury.• Cover open wounds with a sterile dressing.• Pad to prevent pressure and discomfort to the patient.• When in doubt, manually stabilize the injury.• Do not intentionally replace the protruding bones.9. Emergency Medical Care of Spinal Injuries1. Maintain body substance isolation.2. Establish and maintain manual stabilization:• Maintain constant manual stabilization.• Release when additional EMS resources have properly secured the patient to abackboard with the head stabilized.3. Perform initial assessment:• Whenever possible, control airway without moving the patient's head.• Whenever possible, perform artificial ventilation without moving the head.4. Assess pulse, motor, and sensation in all extremities.10. Emergency Medical Care of Brain and Skull Injuries1. Maintain body substance isolation.2. Maintain airway/artificial ventilation/oxygenation.3. Perform initial assessment with manual spinal stabilization on scene.4. Closely monitor patient’s mental status for deterioration.5. Control bleeding:284 First Responder EMS Curriculum/AIHA, July 2002