First Responder EMS Curriculum for Training Centers in Eurasia

Skill Descriptions: Illness and InjuryNote: All skills assume proper precautions are already taken, includinggloves and face mask if appropriate.1. Techniques for External Bleeding Control1. Apply fingertip pressure (use flat part of fingers) directly on the point of bleeding.2. If no injury to the muscle or bone exists, elevation of a bleeding extremity may be usedsecondary to and in conjunction with direct pressure.3. Large gaping wounds may require sterile gauze and direct hand pressure if finger tippressure fails to control bleeding.4. If bleeding does not stop, remove dressing and assess for bleeding point to apply directpressure. If more than one site of bleeding is discovered, apply additional pressure.5. Pressure points may be used in upper and lower extremities.2. Management of Open Soft Tissue Injuries1. Expose the wound.2. Control the bleeding.3. Prevent further contamination.4. Apply sterile dressing to the wound and bandage securely in place.3. Management of Chest Injuries1. Apply an occlusive dressing to open wounds and seal on three sides.2. Place victim in a position of comfort if no spinal injury is suspected.4. Management of Impaled Objects1. Do not remove the impaled object unless it is through the cheek or it would interferewith airway management or chest compressions.2. Manually secure the object.3. Expose the wound area.4. Control bleeding.5. Use a bulky dressing to help stabilize the object.5. Management of Eviscerations1. Involves open injury with protruding organs.2. Do not attempt to replace protruding organs.3. Cover with thick moist dressing.6. Management of Amputations1. Involves the extremities and other body parts.2. Massive bleeding may be present or bleeding may be limited.3. Locate and preserve the amputated part, but do not delay transport.• Place the part in a plastic bag.• Place the plastic bag containing the part in a larger bag or container with ice andwater.– Do not use ice alone.First Responder EMS Curriculum/AIHA, July 2002 283