War and Peace in Qajar Persia: Implications Past and ... - Oguzlar.az

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Figure 6.1 The 1843 borderlands status quoSource: R. Schofield, ed., The Iran–Iraq Border, 1840–1958 (Farnham Common:Archive Editions, 1989), vol. 3, p. 283.
154 Richard Schofieldfeatures such as mountains and rivers) was accepted in the West and wouldprovide a guiding principle for colonial boundary-drawing for the nexthalf-century.Deliberately maintaining grey area within the May 1847 treaty and thegeneral murkiness of the manner of its conclusion were the inevitablecosts of gaining Ottoman and Persian signatures on the document. For herethere was a river boundary delimitation supposedly introduced by a treatythat made no explicit mention of ownership of the river waters itself, whileOttoman assent to its vague and ambivalent contents had only beenextended after the issue of secret explanatory notes from Britain both beforeand after its signature (of which Persia would be unaware until after theErzurum Treaty’s signature). 18 Even then, Britain realized that the territorialarrangement being contemplated – recognition of the Shatt as anOttoman river – was far from ideal for a navigable river used by both sides.No less a figure than Lord Palmerston himself (then Foreign Secretary) voicedreservations:I have to state to you with reference to the pretension which has beenadvanced by the Porte to an absolute right of sovereignty over the Chatel-Arab,that when the opposite banks of a river belong as they do inthe case of the lower portion of the Chat-el-Arab, to different Powers,it would be contrary to international usage to give to one of the twopowers the exclusive sovereignty of that portion of the course of suchRiver, and that therefore this proposal of the Turkish Government’s seemsto be inadmissible. 19Hence the very crux of the Shatt al-Arab boundary dispute as it existedup until 1975 had been recognized before pen was put to paper to initiallydefine the river boundary in the first instance. Here though, the mediatingcommissioners had to concern themselves with the art of the possible. Yet,while Ottoman ownership of the entire waters of the Shatt was clearlyimplied by the treaty and Britain and Russia felt confident that a delimitationhad been extended along its east (Persian) bank as a consequence, thetext itself was anything but definitive. Article Two dealt with territorialdefinition:The State of Persia undertakes that all the level lands of the provinceof Zohab, i.e. the lands of the western part of it, shall be abandoned tothe State of Turkey.The State of Turkey also undertakes that the lands of the eastern partof the province of Zohab, i.e. all the mountainous lands of it, with thevalley of Kerrind, shall be abandoned to the State of Persia.And the State of Persia firmly undertakes to give up all manner ofclaim in regard to the town and province of Souleimanieh, and not atany time to meddle or interfere in any way with the right of sovereigntywhich the State of Turkey possesses in the said province.
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War and Peace in Qajar PersiaPersia
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War and Peace inQajar PersiaImplica
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ContentsList of figuresContributors
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Figures5.1 Omani enclaves 1305.2 Ar
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Contributor listMansoureh Ettehadie
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AcknowledgementsThis volume grew ou
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2 Roxane Farmanfarmaianrepresented
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4 Roxane Farmanfarmaianchapter in t
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6 Roxane FarmanfarmaianThus, two si
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8 Roxane Farmanfarmaiangaining grea
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10 Roxane Farmanfarmaiantough deals
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12 Roxane FarmanfarmaianIranian geo
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14 Peter W. Averyin Shiraz and cont
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16 Peter W. Averybut the invasion w
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Part IWar
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22 Manoutchehr M. Eskandari-Qajarth
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24 Manoutchehr M. Eskandari-Qajarap
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26 Manoutchehr M. Eskandari-Qajarmi
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30 Manoutchehr M. Eskandari-Qajardo
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32 Manoutchehr M. Eskandari-QajarIn
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34 Manoutchehr M. Eskandari-Qajarco
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36 Manoutchehr M. Eskandari-QajarTh
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42 Manoutchehr M. Eskandari-Qajarop
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44 Manoutchehr M. Eskandari-Qajarbe
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46 Manoutchehr M. Eskandari-Qajarva
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48 Stephanie Cronincapacity and res
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50 Stephanie Croninforces of the es
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52 Stephanie CroninPART ONE: THE QA
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54 Stephanie Croninprincipally on h
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56 Stephanie CroninThe French offic
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58 Stephanie CroninEuropean alignme
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60 Stephanie Croninthe authorities
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62 Stephanie Croninin the revolutio
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64 Stephanie Croninof power and sta
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66 Stephanie Croninliving and the m
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68 Stephanie Croninconsequences for
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70 Stephanie Croninrevolution was a
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72 Stephanie CroninNew British miss
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74 Stephanie CroninBrigade to a Div
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76 Stephanie Croninwithout the sove
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78 Stephanie Croninaccounting devic
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80 Stephanie Croninbut also faced a
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82 Stephanie Cronindetermined on th
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84 Stephanie Cronin15 For a discuss
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86 Stephanie Cronin55 The Anglo-Rus
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3 The Turko-Persian War1821-1823Win
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90 Graham WilliamsonThe resultant w
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92 Graham Williamsonprovincial forc
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94 Graham WilliamsonThe field armyO
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96 Graham Williamsonnot hold out mu
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98 Graham Williamsonoften in arrear
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100 Graham Williamsonthan any desig
Page 115 and 116: 102 Graham WilliamsonThere were ove
Page 117 and 118: 104 Graham Williamsonone should not
Page 119 and 120: Table 3.2 Persian regional armies (
Page 121 and 122: 108 Graham WilliamsonIranian influe
Page 123 and 124: 4 Social networks andborder conflic
Page 125 and 126: 112 Vanessa MartinPersian troops on
Page 127 and 128: 114 Vanessa Martinof comparatively
Page 129 and 130: 116 Vanessa MartinTHE ROLE OF SOCIA
Page 131 and 132: 118 Vanessa MartinThe Shah’s negl
Page 133 and 134: 120 Vanessa Martinborder or any oth
Page 135 and 136: 122 Vanessa Martin44 No. 38, 2 June
Page 138 and 139: 5 The consolidation of Iran’sfron
Page 140 and 141: Consolidation of Iran’s frontier
Page 150 and 151: Figure 5.2 Arab principalities
Page 162 and 163: 6 Narrowing the frontierMid-ninetee
Page 164 and 165: Narrowing the frontier 151witnessed
Page 168 and 169: Narrowing the frontier 155And the S
Page 170 and 171: Figure 6.2 The 1850 Williams line a
Page 172 and 173: Narrowing the frontier 159elicited
Page 174 and 175: Narrowing the frontier 161travellin
Page 176 and 177: Narrowing the frontier 163be found
Page 178 and 179: Narrowing the frontier 165A similar
Page 180 and 181: Narrowing the frontier 167and accep
Page 182 and 183: Narrowing the frontier 169Perhaps t
Page 184 and 185: Narrowing the frontier 171By this s
Page 186 and 187: Narrowing the frontier 17346 For a
Page 188 and 189: Crime, security, and insecurity 175
Page 196 and 197: 8 Merchants without bordersTrade, t
Page 198 and 199: Merchants without frontier 185the m
Page 200 and 201: Merchants without frontier 187and d
Page 202 and 203: Merchants without frontier 189photo
Page 204 and 205: Merchants without frontier 191their
Page 206 and 207: Merchants without frontier 193In an
Page 208 and 209: Figure 8.1Seated, first from left:
Page 210 and 211: Figure 8.3Seated: Hajj Mohammad-Taq
Page 212 and 213: Figure 8.5 Taken in Hajj Hasan Jour
Page 214 and 215: Merchants without frontier 201Figur
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Merchants without frontier 203Studi
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Merchants without frontier 20516 Me
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Merchants without frontier 207and t
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Merchants without frontier 209or pu
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Merchants without frontier 211It ca
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9 The politics of concessionReasses
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The politics of concession 215gradu
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The politics of concession 217Shah,
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The politics of concession 219assig
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The politics of concession 221compa
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The politics of concession 223gross
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The politics of concession 225the B
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The politics of concession 227as th
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IndexAbbas Mirza, Crown Prince 6, 1
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Index 231Gulf Arabs 127-9Gwadar 136
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Index 233policy in Persian Gulf 131
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