【A 場】第一場論文集 - 佛光大學

第 二 十 屆 全峖 國 佛 學 論 文尠 聯 合峯 發 表 會Tripitaka Master Prajnā of the Tang DynastyPrajnāThe Zhen Yuan Xin Ding Shi Jiao Mu Lu ( 貞 元 新 定 釋 教 目 錄 ) and Song Biography ofEminent Monks contain a biography of Prajnā (734-810?), particularly the Zhen Yuan Xin DingShi Jiao Mu Lu has a more complete article on him. According to the Zhen Yuan Xin Ding ShiJiao Mu Lu, Prajnā also known as Bore Sanzang ( 般獭 若 三 藏 ) and literally “wisdom” ( 智 慧 ), is anIndian monk from ancient northwest India of Kapiśa or Kashmir (present day Bagram,Afghanistan, north of Kabul) who arrived in China in the 9 th century. When he was seven yearsold, he renounced under Tiaofujun ( 調 伏 軍 ). As a novice, he memorized the four Nikayas andAbhidharma. Having been fully ordained, he could recite many texts such as Abhidharma-kośaand Sarvāstivādan texts. At fourteen, he went on a pilgrimage to the “two groves and eightpagodas” in search for what he did not know already. Later, Prajnā went to study in NālandaUniversity located in Central India. There he met and studied under Zhihu ( 智 護 ), Jinyou ( 進 友 ),and Zhiyou ( 智 友 ). He learned the Diamond Sutra, treatises of Mind Only, Discourse on theStages of Yogic Practice (Yogācārabhumi śāstra), Treatise on Discriminating the Middle and theExtremes ( 中 邊訷 分 別低 論 ), logic, grammar and composition, medicine, and so on. After eighteenyears of study, he headed towards southern India in search of teaching and advice from thosewho still maintained the teaching of the dhārani. There he met an Abhiseka master, Dharmayasas( 達跲 磨跊 耶 舍 ), who having seen how industrious Prajnā was, transmitted the teachings of Yoga,teaching of entry into the mandala, the three mysteries, protection of the body (diamond armor),and five types of mudrās. 179Spreading Buddhism into ChinaPrajnā who having learned that China was the home of Manjuśri, made a vow to spreadBuddhism into China; thus the start of his journey in spreading Buddhism to the East. Due totough winds, his boat sailed to Sri Lanka where it stopped to repair and refuel up in resources. Itwas in Sri Lanka where many Sanskrit texts and treatises were taken to China. Departing fromSri Lanka, his boat faced a sudden storm, in which Prajnā became the only survivor. Not onlyPrajnā survived but also the texts that he brought from Sri Lanka. 180compiler of the catalogue, is possibly indicating magical qualities of the sutra.Zanning ( 贊訬 寧蹱 ), theAfter half a month on sea, they finally reached Guangzhou ( 廣 州 ) in 780. In 786, Prajnā arrivedin Chang’an where he met his relative, Luohaoxin ( 羅訌 好 心 ) who was a military commander. Herequested Prajnā to translate Buddhist texts, in which The Mahāyāna Sutra on the Way to the SixPāramitās (DLP) was the first text Prajnā translated.179 The three mysteries or secrets ( 三 密 ) are the mysteries of the body, mind, and speech. T55, no.2156, p755c.180於 白 抄侸 內 大 竹 筩 中 得 之 。 宛 為 鬼珌 物 扶侼 持 而 到 。 乃 歎 曰 。 此 大 乘靭 理 趣賱 等 經 。 想 支 那倴 人 根頨 熟 矣個 。 On thefifth watch of the night, the wind ceased and he reached the shore. It was there he noticed within the largebamboo bucket, the sUtras and treatises also survived that may have been supported by ghosts. T50, no.2061,p716b.40