07.11.2015 Views

german_sentence_builder

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

Very much like English, German will use commas to separate an explanatory phrase from<br />

the rest of the <strong>sentence</strong>. For example:<br />

Angela Merkel, Kanzlerin der Bundesrepublik,<br />

wird die USA besuchen.<br />

Das kleine Mädchen, außer sich vor<br />

Angst, fing an zu schreien.<br />

Angela Merkel, Chancellor of the Federal<br />

Republic, will visit the United States.<br />

The little girl, beside herself with fear, began<br />

to scream.<br />

Such explanatory phrases are easy to identify, in that they are in essence an elliptical form of a<br />

relative clause. The two previous <strong>sentence</strong>s could have contained the following relative clauses:<br />

Angela Merkel, die Kanzlerin der Bundesrepublik ist, ... and Das kleine Mädchen, das außer<br />

sich vor Angst war, ... .<br />

Interjections and exclamations are also separated from the rest of the <strong>sentence</strong> by commas.<br />

For example:<br />

Ach, ist das nicht schön?<br />

Mensch, war das ein Glück!<br />

Oh, isn’t that beautiful?<br />

Man, was that a stroke of luck!<br />

A comma is also used to separate an infinitive clause from the main clause. This is especially<br />

true with infinitive clauses that begin with um, ohne, and anstatt:<br />

Ich wollte hier bleiben, um meinen<br />

Eltern zu helfen.<br />

Er ging nach Hause, ohne sich von uns<br />

zu verabschieden.<br />

Sie kauft sich eine Bluse, anstatt ein<br />

Geschenk für ihre Schwester zu kaufen.<br />

I wanted to stay here in order to help my<br />

parents.<br />

He went home without saying good-bye to us.<br />

She’s buying herself a blouse instead of buying<br />

a present for her sister.<br />

Other infinitive clauses that use zu will not require a comma unless there is a matter of confusion<br />

to be avoided:<br />

Sind Sie bereit(,) den jungen Kandidaten<br />

zu unterstützen?<br />

Er hat vor(,) etwas anderes zu tun.<br />

Are you prepared to support the young<br />

candidate?<br />

He plans on doing something else.<br />

In German, a comma functions in the same way as a period does in English to separate a<br />

number from a decimal amount in measurements or in currency usage. For example:<br />

2,5 Meter (zwei Meter fünfzig) two point five meters<br />

10,75 Liter (zehn Liter fünfundsiebzig) ten point seventy-five liters<br />

€9,50 (neun Euro fünfzig [Cent]) nine euros and fifty cents<br />

€100,10 (hundert Euro zehn Cent) a hundred euros and ten cents<br />

Übung<br />

18·3<br />

Place a comma in the blanks where a comma is required. Place an X where none is required.<br />

1. In der alten Eisenbahn saßen sie auf Bänken oder standen in den Gängen.<br />

2. Er wird zwischen dem vierten und dem sechsten Juni abreisen.<br />

3. Frau Keller die Vorsitzende der Firma war gar nicht zufrieden.<br />

4. Die alte Dame rot vor Erregung konnte nicht sprechen.<br />

Punctuation 149

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!