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Letter writing ·19· If you were to write a letter to someone in the German-speaking world and you used the format used in writing a letter in English, your letter would undoubtedly arrive at its destination and be understood. The German and English formats are quite similar. But to be precise and to conform to the style preferred by German speakers, you need to know how the German format differs. The address On an envelope, the first line of an address is the addressee’s title, followed by his or her name. Remember that Frau is used for both married and unmarried women, since the title Fräulein (Miss) is no longer in use. The next line in the address of an envelope contains the street and number, and that is followed by the Postleitzahl (zip code) and the city. Note that Straße is often abbreviated as Str. and the title Doktor can be abbreviated as Dr.: Herrn Frau Professor Martin Keller Inge Bauer Buchwaldstr. 92 Königsallee 14 79301 Freiburg 30890 Hannover If you are writing from outside of a German-speaking country to an address in either Switzerland, Austria, or Germany, you need to add the letters CH for Switzerland, A for Austria, or D for Germany before the zip code, for example: D-79301 Freiburg. In a business letter written to someone at a company, the word Firma (company) is followed on the next line by the name of the company. Use the abbreviation z. H. (zu Händen) as the equivalent of attention in English: Firma Firma Altdorf AG Karl Benz z. H. Herrn Martin Keller Finanzabteilung (finance department) Buchwaldstr. 92 Königsallee 14 79301 Freiburg 30890 Hannover On the envelope of a business letter it is common to skip a line between the street address and the line with the zip code and city. The sender’s address appears on the back of the envelope, preceded by the word Absender or the abbreviation Abs: Abs. L. Baumann Kalckreuthweg 7 20412 Hamburg-Othmarschen 153
Übung 19·1 Using the information provided, write the appropriate envelope addresses. 1. Hauptstraße 11 / Dorothea Schäfer / Ludwigshafen / 67021 a. b. c. d. 2. Klassen & Meyer / Hermann Fitz / Berlin / 17712 / Hochstraße 55 a. b. c. d. e. The body of a letter In both an informal German letter and a German business letter, the sender often does not write his or her address at the top of the letter. In a letter written from a business, the letter would be written on letterhead paper, which would provide the sender’s information in that way. And in terms of personal letters, many people have personalized stationery, which usually gives their address at the top of the sheet. Whether or not the letter was written on letterhead, at the top right of an informal letter or a business letter you will find the sender’s location (usually the city) written on the line with the date and separated from it by a comma: Bremen, den 7. 11. 2008 Remember that the order of the numbers in a date is day, then month, then year (den 7. 11. 2008 / the seventh of November, 2008). It is common to use the abbreviation d. in place of the article den: Oldenburg, d. 22. 9. 2009 The salutation (die Anrede) comes next. In the case of a letter to a friend or relative, the word Lieber/Liebe (dear) is used with a first name, but unlike the English word dear, it cannot be used with a plural. Each person in the salutation is greeted individually. For example: Lieber Thomas Liebe Tina Lieber Thomas, liebe Tina Dear Thomas Dear Tina Dear Thomas and Tina However, if no name is used, and close friends or relatives are being addressed as a group, it is possible to use Meine Lieben (my dears). 154 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
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PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT German Sente
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To Riane, AJ, Jalyn, Tori, and Rile
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Contents Acknowledgments vii Introd
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Acknowledgments I wish to extend my
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Introduction Writing skills are usu
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Declarative sentences and word orde
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Nicht precedes a prepositional phra
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6. Die Lehrerin brauchte einen Kuge
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4. Ich begegnete meinen Nachbarn, a
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Übung 1·10 Example: Write origina
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Interrogative sentences ·2· In bo
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4. Man muss alle Verkehrszeichen be
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4. Ihre Kinder werden mit Liebe erz
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4. Die neuen Auswanderer sehnen sic
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In general, interrogative words are
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Questions and answers ·3· In the
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1. Unser Lehrer wird nach Irak fahr
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1. Die Kinder müssen sich die Hän
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Übung 3·5 example: Form questions
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3. wie viel / Meter / Stoff / haben
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Imperatives ·4· Imperatives are c
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3. tun 4. brechen 5. empfehlen 6. a
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lass/lasst/lassen Sie 1 object 1 in
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Übung 4·6 Write original imperati
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Coordinating conjunctions ·5· The
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4. (oder / aber) Sei ruhig! Geh sof
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Subordinating conjunctions ·6· Th
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Comma usage with subordinating conj
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3. Er musste wieder zu Fuß gehen,
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11. Woran denkt die alte Dame gern?
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Relative pronouns ·7· Relative pr
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It is probably wise to remind you t
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1. Er lud seine Freunde ein. a. (no
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Now complete each sentence with an
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Extended modifiers ·8· Modifiers
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3. from her disappointing answer 4.
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Er ist ein bei Jugendlichen in Euro
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4. laut / reden / Prediger 5. vor /
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Adjectives ·9· Adjectives are ver
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2. a. ein Gebäude b. 3. a. durch
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Übung 9·3 Compose original phrase
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Positive Superlative laut loud am l
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der Reisende der Verletzte der Verw
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Adverbs ·10· Adverbial expression
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Modal adverbs Some adverbs portray
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Übung 10·3 Fill in the blanks in
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Pronouns ·11· Pronouns are words
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2. Oft tut der Mann, was er nicht t
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Einander The reciprocal pronoun ein
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1. Sie kauft den Kindern neue Schuh
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Infinitives ·12· Infinitives are
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As with the modal auxiliaries, lass
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Tina hilft mir die Sätze übersetz
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Übung 12·7 Example: Compose origi
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Short responses ·13· In every lan
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Wie Zwar The interrogative wie (how
Page 114 and 115: Wir gehen morgen Rad fahren. Groß
Page 116 and 117: Idioms and special phrases ·14· G
Page 118 and 119: Er freut sich aufs Wochenende. He
Page 120 and 121: um so besser Verschwinde! von Kopf
Page 122 and 123: 3. Die Kinder fürchten sich vor di
Page 124 and 125: Antonyms and contrasts ·15· Anton
Page 126 and 127: Übung 15·2 Example: Using each pa
Page 128 and 129: Positive Unser Haus ist klein. Die
Page 130 and 131: 3. Milchladen, Rathaus, Dom a. b.
Page 132 and 133: The passive voice ·16· In German,
Page 134 and 135: 5. a. Present b. Past c. Present
Page 136 and 137: Übung 16·3 Rewrite the following
Page 138 and 139: 2. a. Present Past Dem Lehrer wurd
Page 140 and 141: modal 1 participle 1 werden Es soll
Page 142 and 143: ecome or get, and the sentence may
Page 144 and 145: The subjunctive mood ·17· The sub
Page 146 and 147: The auxiliaries sein (to be), haben
Page 148 and 149: 8. essen 9. nennen 10. werden gefun
Page 150 and 151: Clauses that are introduced by wenn
Page 152 and 153: 3. , würde ich in Hamburg überna
Page 154 and 155: Übung 17·8 Example: Form sentence
Page 156 and 157: Punctuation ·18· German uses the
Page 158 and 159: Übung 18·2 Example: Using the cue
Page 160 and 161: Very much like English, German will
Page 162 and 163: 5. Esel / Pferd 6. lesen / oder 7.
Page 166 and 167: In the text of the letter, it used
Page 168 and 169: In both informal and formal letters
Page 170 and 171: Übung 19·5 Write an e-mail messag
Page 172 and 173: Let’s write! ·20· Übung 20·1
Page 174 and 175: 4. Wird euer Haus in dieser Straße
Page 176 and 177: 3. Wohin? a. b. c. d. e. 4. Wa
Page 178 and 179: Übung 20·8 Choose one of the foll
Page 180 and 181: Answer key 1 Declarative sentences
Page 182 and 183: erster Sohn geboren? 8. Wie tanzt s
Page 184 and 185: 7 Relative pronouns 7·1 1. Die Fra
Page 186 and 187: 10·4 1. a. Der jüngere Bariton si
Page 188 and 189: 8. Nicht heute. Ich gehe nach Hause
Page 190 and 191: 17·3 Sample answers are provided.
Page 192 and 193: 19·5 A sample e-mail message is pr
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