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Protein Protocols Protein Protocols

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162 Bizios<br />

5. Sample preparation should be done quickly on ice to avoid degradation by proteases.<br />

6. Keep salt concentrations as low as possible. high concentrations (>150 mM) of NaCl,<br />

KCl, and other salts cause streaking problems, as do lower concentrations of phosphate<br />

and charged buffers. Dialyzing samples to remove salts and other low-mol-weight substances<br />

is recommended.<br />

7. After dissolving the sample in SB solution or diluting in SBS solution, it is imperative that<br />

the sample is not subjected to temperatures above 37°C. At extreme temperature (>40°C),<br />

the urea in SB and SBS will cause carbamylation. Charged isoforms will be generated by<br />

isocyanates formed by the decomposition of urea<br />

References<br />

1. Yu, L. R., Zeng, R., Shao, X. X., Wang, N., Xu, Y. H., and Xia, Q. C. (2000) Identification<br />

of diffentially expressed proteins betwen human hepatoma and normal liver cell lines by<br />

two-dimensional electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-ion trp mass spectrometry.<br />

Electrophoresis 14, 3058–3068<br />

2. Carroll, K., Ray, K., Helm, B., and Carey, E. (2000) Two-dimensional electrophoresis<br />

reveals differential protein expression in high- and low-secreting variants of the rat basophilic<br />

leukemia cell line. Electrophoresis 12, 2476–2486.<br />

3. Garrles, J. I. (1983) Quantitative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins, in Methods<br />

of Enzymology, Vol. 100 (Grossman, L., Moldave, K., and Wu, R., eds.), Academic<br />

Press, New York, pp. 411–423.<br />

4. Garrels, J. I. and Franza, B. R., Jr. (1989) The REF52 protein database. J. Biol. Chem. 264,<br />

5283–5298.

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