ultrasound diagnosis of fatal anomalies

CARDIAC RHABDOMYOMAS
Cardiac Rhabdomyomas
Definition: The cardiac rhabdomyoma is a
benign tumor arising from the cardiac musculature.
Incidence: One in 20 000 births.
Sex ratio: M:F=1:1.
Clinical history/genetics: Sporadic. Autosomaldominant
inheritance when associated with
tuberous sclerosis of the brain.
Teratogens: Not known.
Embryology: Benign tumor of the heart musculature.
Associated malformations: In 50–86% of cases,
cardiac tumors are associated with tuberous
sclerosis of the brain. On the other hand, rhabdomyomas
are detected in 50% of fetuses with
tuberous sclerosis. Renal anomalies are also associated.
Ultrasound findings: Echocardiography demonstrates
an intracardiac tumor with a connection
to the ventricular septum. Tachyarrhythmias
Fig. 5.26 Cardiac rhabdomyoma. Solitarycardiac
rhabdomyoma of the ventricular septum, measuring
approx. 10 mm in diameter, at 22 + 1 weeks.
Fig. 5.27 Cardiac rhabdomyoma. Color flow mapping,
showing blood flow into both ventricles.
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