ultrasound diagnosis of fatal anomalies

PRIMARY FETAL HYDROTHORAX
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Primary Fetal Hydrothorax
Definition: Collection of fluid (mostly chyle)
within the pleural cavity; the right side of the
thoraxis affected more frequently than the left.
Incidence: One in 10 000 births.
Sex ratio: M:F=2:1.
Teratogens: Unknown.
Embryology: An overproduction or malresorption
of lymph fluid may be the cause.
Associated malformations: In addition to
sporadic appearance, in which the hydrothorax
is caused by anomalies of the lymphatic vessels,
combined forms have been described in over 50
different syndromes, especially Turner and
Down syndrome. It may also appear in cases of
fetal hydrops.
Fig. 4.6 Primary fetal hydrothorax. Findings affecting
both sides at 24+5weeks.Theleft-sided
thorax is more compromised and the mediastinum
and the heart are displaced to the right.
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