ultrasound diagnosis of fatal anomalies

APPENDIX
Extremities,
skeletal findings
Cardiac findings
Thoracoabdominal
anomalies
Urogenital findings
Growth
restriction
Club feet
Cardiac defect—
e.g., VSD
Diaphragmatic hernia
Hypospadias, cryptorchism
Yes
Joint contractures, occ. clinodactyly
of 5th finger
Cardiac anomaly
Hypospadias, cryptorchism,
occ. renal anomalies
Yes
Shorteningof femur and
humerus, clinodactyly of 5th
finger
Cardiac defects,
dextrocardia
Diaphragmatic hernia, omphalocele,
edema of torso
Hydronephrosis
Club feet, syndactyly of 3rd and
4th fingers
Cardiac anomaly Omphalocele Hydronephrosis, hypospadias
Early severe
growth restriction
Flexion deformities of fingers,
malpositioningof foot
Cardiac anomaly Diaphragmatic hernia Multicystic renal disease,
hydronephrosis, cryptorchism
Yes
Polydactyly, syndactyly of toes Cardiac anomalies Cryptorchism Yes
Flexion deformities of fingers,
aplasia of radius, polydactyly
Cardiac anomalies,
“white spots”
Omphalocele, echogenic
bowel
Echogenic, enlarged kidneys
Clenched fist, overlapping
index finger, club feet, rockerbottom
feet, short radius
Cardiac anomalies
Omphalocele, diaphragmatic
hernia
Hydronephrosis, cryptorchism
Yes
1
Short femur and humerus,
clinodactyly, short middle
phalanx of 5th finger, wide
angle of iliac bones
Cardiac anomaly,
especially ASD,
VSD, AV canal, Fallot,
“white spots”
Duodenal atresia, echogenic
bowel, SUA
Hydronephrosis
2
Occ. hypoplasia of fingers Cardiac anomaly Bowel anomaly, anal atresia
Renal anomalies
Short femur
Aortic isthmus stenosis
Hydrops
Horseshoe kidneys
3
4
5
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