ultrasound diagnosis of fatal anomalies

INDEX
1
2
3
4
5
trisomy 18
intrauterine growth restriction 193–4, 316
Jacobsen syndrome d.d. 179
Larsen syndrome d.d. 253
multiple pterygium syndrome d.d. 263
Nager syndrome d.d. 264
Noonan syndrome d.d. 266
omphalocele 119, 120, 194, 197, 198, 200, 203
Pallister–Killian syndrome d.d. 180
Pena–Shokeir syndrome d.d. 194, 269
radius aplasia/hypoplasia 167
rocker-bottom foot association 157
Shprintzen syndrome d.d. 273
strawberry sign 219
TAR syndrome d.d. 277
tetralogy of Fallot association 96, 196
trisomy 9 d.d. 186
Turner syndrome d.d. 211
umbilical cord cyst 299, 300
VACTERL association d.d. 280
Walker–Warburg syndrome d.d. 282
Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome d.d. 217
trisomy 21 2, 8, 178, 204–10, 348–9
achondroplasia d.d. 148
atrioventricular septal defect 80, 82, 85, 205,
208
cystic fibrosis d.d. 283
cytomegalovirus d.d. 293
duodenal atresia 109
echogenic bowel 209, 221, 222
esophageal atresia 72
fetal hydrops 286
hygroma colli association 63, 65, 204, 221
meconium peritonitis 116
Noonan syndrome d.d. 205, 266
primary fetal hydrothorax 73
renal pelvis marginal dilation 226
short femur 227
syphilis d.d. 289
tetralogy of Fallot association 96, 205
Turner syndrome d.d. 211
white spot 232, 233
trisomy 22 348–9
trisomy 22 q, partial 106
tuberous sclerosis 99, 100, 278–9, 293, 344–5
Turner syndrome 211, 212–13, 214–15, 348–9
achondroplasia d.d. 148
coarctation of aorta association 81
fetal hydrops 214, 286
hygroma colli 63, 211, 212, 214, 228
hypoplasia of left heart association 96
Klippel–Trenaunay–Weber syndrome d.d. 251
Noonan syndrome d.d. 211, 266
nuchal translucency 211, 212, 228
primary fetal hydrothorax 73, 211
syphilis d.d. 289
twin(s) 302–14
amniocentesis 110
conjoined 302, 306, 307, 308
diamniotic 9
dichorionic 9, 303
diamniotic 302, 304
dizygotic 302
donor 311, 312
fetal hydrops 286
growth restriction 314
monochorionic 9, 303, 311
diamniotic 302, 304, 311
intrauterine death 46
monoamniotic 302
TRAP sequence 308
monozygotic 302, 304
pump 309, 310
singular umbilical arteries 231
stuck311
vanishing 125
twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP)
sequence 308–10
twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS)
302–3, 305, 311–13, 314
fetal hydrops 286
intracranial bleeding 46, 47
U
ulna 243, 355
Ulrich–Turner syndrome 266
umbilical arteries 9, 13, 16, 359, 360
singular 2, 194, 231, 232
holoprosencephaly association 39
Pallister–Killian syndrome 179
trisomy 9 186
trisomy 13 192
VACTERL association 280
umbilical cord 8
cysts 198, 203, 299–300
umbilical vein 13, 288
umbilical vessels 6
urachal cyst 299
ureter 130
double 143
ureterocele 130, 142–3
ureteropelvic stenosis 130
urethral valve sequence 130, 144, 145, 146,
205
uterine arteries 9, 18, 359
V
VACTERL association 279–80, 281, 282, 344–5
anal atresia 106, 279
caudal regression syndrome d.d. 250, 280
CHARGE association d.d. 242
esophageal atresia 72
Holt–Oram syndrome d.d. 249, 280
polydactyly association 163
radius aplasia/hypoplasia association 166
renal agenesis association 135, 280
TAR syndrome d.d. 277, 280
tetralogy of Fallot association 96
vaginal sonography 2
valproic acid 319
anencephaly 24
facial clefts 59
Pierre Robin sequence 270
polydactyly 163
radius aplasia/hypoplasia 166
spina bifida 51
ventricular septal defect 103
van der Woude syndrome 59, 346–7
varicella 47, 286, 290, 291
vascular shunt 302
vein of Galen aneurysm 57–8
velocardial syndrome see Shprintzen syndrome
ventricles, cerebral
CHARGE association 242
cytomegalovirus 293, 294, 295
dilation in Jacobsen syndrome 179
distension 48
fourth with connection to cisterna magna
220
lateral 11
aqueduct stenosis 28
arachnoid cyst 29
cerebral hemisphere width ratio 354
corpus callosum agenesis 31, 32
first screening 4
second screening 8, 12
trisomy 21 206
third 28
toxoplasmosis 292
trisomy 9 186
ventricles, heart 4, 5, 357, 358
double-outlet 39
hypoplasia of left 96, 97
ventricular septal defect 8–9, 103, 104–5
bradycardia association 86
coarctation of aorta association 81
Dandy–Walker syndrome association 34
diabetes mellitus 318
esophageal atresia 72
genital anomalies 124
infantile polycystic kidney disease association
131
right-to-left shunt 104, 105
subpulmonary 88
transposition of the great arteries 101–2
trisomy 18 194, 195, 196, 201
trisomy 21 80, 205, 208
ventricular tachycardia 101
ventriculomegaly, marginal 224–5
vertebral anomalies 279, 281
vertebral body anomalies 263
vertebral column 8, 12, 14, 21
arthrogryposis multiplex congenita 152
kyphoscoliosis 155, 240
Larsen syndrome 253
lordosis 45
malformations 141
see also spina bifida
vesicoureteral reflux 130
vitamin A excess
coarctation of aorta 81
femoral focal hypoplasia 155
holoprosencephaly 39
hypoplasia of left heart 96
radius aplasia/hypoplasia 166
spina bifida 51
tetralogy of Fallot 93
transposition of the great arteries 101
vitamin K 319
W
Walker–Warburg syndrome 30, 220, 282–3,
346–7
cataract d.d. 47
Fryns syndrome d.d. 246, 282
hydrolethalus d.d. 250
Miller–Diecker syndrome d.d. 258, 282
Neu–Laxova syndrome d.d. 265, 282
ventriculomegaly 225
warfarin 36, 135
Weaver syndrome 239, 315, 318, 346–7
weight, fetal 354
whistling face 245–6
370