Nutrition Interventions for Children with Special Health Care Needs

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Chapter 17 - Nutrition Interventions for Cystic Fibrosis 12. Moore MC, Greene HL, Donald WD, Dunn GD. Enteral-tube feeding as adjunct therapy in malnourished patients with cystic fibrosis: a clinical study and literature review. Am J Clin Nutr. 1986;44:33-41. 13. Rosenfeld, Casey, Pepe, Ramsey. Nutritional effects of long-term gastrostomy feedings in children with cysticfibrosis. J Am Diet Assoc. 1999;99(2):191-194. 14. Peters SA, Rolles CJ. Vitamin therapy in cystic fibrosis - a review and rationale. J Clin PharmTher. 1993;18(1):33-38. Additional Reference Horowitz D, Robinson KA, Davis S, Sabadosa K, Spear S, Michel SH, White TB, Marshall B, Accurso FA, and Workshop Participants; Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Evidence-Based Guidelines for Management of Infants with Cystic Fibrosis, Journal of Pediatrics, In Press 2009. 202 Nutrition Interventions for Children With Special Health Care Needs
Chapter 18 Section 3 - Condition-Specific Nutrition Interventions Nutrition Interventions for Congenital heart Disease M. Annie Goodwin, RD, CD, and Nancy James, RD, CSP, CD Updated by Nancy James, RD, CSP, CD and Laili Abd Latif, MS, RD, CD Congenital heart disease (CHD) refers to cardiovascular defects that are present and usually evident at birth. Most commonly, these defects include ventricular or atrioventricular septal defects, Transposition of the Great Arteries, Tetralogy of Fallot, Coarctation of the Aorta or a single ventricle. With improved detection, diagnosis, medical management, and surgical techniques, the number of children surviving with congenital heart disease is increasing (1). Presently, surgical repair in this population is often delayed in order to permit increased weight gain (2). Surgery is performed when a patient reaches an ideal weight and age, or when failure to thrive precludes further waiting (2). See Table 18-1 for a list of congenital cardiac anomalies. Children with CHD often demonstrate slow growth, which becomes apparent early in life. Depending on cardiac status, many factors may cause poor growth: • Chronic deficit of oxygen in cyanotic patients • Decreased food intake due to poor appetite, fatigue, or oral aversions • Decreased gastrointestinal absorption • Increased energy needs due to increased cardiac workload • Increased susceptibility to infection with frequent illnesses • Decreased gastric/intestinal motility and associated reflux disease. • Increased resting metabolic rate • Poor cardiac output resulting in decreased splanchnic blood flow which may lead to early satiety, nausea and vomiting Congestive heart failure (CHF) may be a result of CHD due to the heart having to work harder than usual. CHF is a serious condition in which the overworked heart becomes strained and does not pump blood efficiently. As the heart works harder, the metabolic rate rises, and energy requirements increase. Further contributing to the increased energy requirement is a decrease in the rate of gastrointestinal absorption resulting from reduced cardiac output (3,4,5). In CHF, the heart’s inefficient pumping causes fluid to back up into the lungs, the liver, and other organs. Therefore, children with CHF often require fluid restriction Nutrition Interventions for Children With Special Health Care Needs 203
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Nutrition Interventions for Childre
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Kay Kopp, OTR/L Occupational Therap
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Appendices Appendix A Sample Screen
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ii Nutrition Interventions for Chil
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Population “Children with special
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vi Nutrition Interventions for Chil
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Chapter 1 - Nutrition Screening and
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss needs,
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss Statur
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss Techni
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss paraly
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss time a
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss measur
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss Mild m
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss 9. Re-
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss 5. Per
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometrics Table 2
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss Refere
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss 26. Kr
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Chapter 3 - Physical Activity for C
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Chapter 4 - Breastfeeding recommend
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Chapter 4 - Breastfeeding Table 4-1
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Chapter 4 - Breastfeeding Assessmen
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Chapter 4 - Breastfeeding 58 Nutrit
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Chapter 5 - Medication-Nutrient Int
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Chapter 6 - Nutrition Interventions
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Chapter 8 - Oral-Motor Feeding Prob
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Chapter 9 - Behavior Issues Related
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Chapter 10 - Enteral Feeding Other
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Chapter 10 - Enteral Feeding Table
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Chapter 10 - Enteral Feeding Table
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Chapter 10 - Enteral Feeding Refere
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Chapter 11 - Community Monitoring o
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Chapter 12 - Accommodating Special
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Chapter 13 - Nutrition Intervention
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Page 168 and 169: Chapter 14 - Nutrition Intervention
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Chapter 22 - Ketogenic Diet for Sei
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Appendix A Please list any other nu
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Appendix A Baby formula What kind o
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Appendix B Manufacturer Description
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Appendix C 282 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix D 284 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix E 292 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix E Table 3: Parent-Specific
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Appendix F Percentiles of Upper Arm
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Appendix F 302 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix G 304 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix H 312 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix I 320 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix J 328 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix K 336 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix K 338 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix L 340 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix M 342 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix M 344 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix N Gastrostomy Tube Feeding
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Appendix N activities. When feeding
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Appendix N Feeding Sets/Extensions
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Appendix N Fluid and Electrolytes W
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Appendix N osmolality of full-stren
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Appendix N Modular Products Modular
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Appendix N his family, and the home
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Appendix N • The feeding tube may
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Appendix N equipment. The Special S
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Appendix N Table N-2: Common Compli
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Appendix N Complication Possible Ca
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Appendix N 368 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix O Some conditions increase
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Appendix O Table O-3: Recommended P
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Appendix O 374 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix P Diet Prescription for Me
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Appendix Q Goals Considerations for
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Appendix R Condition Description Nu
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Appendix R Condition Description Nu
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Appendix R References 1. Ekvall SW
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Appendix S Table S-1: Infant Formul
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Appendix S Comments Osmolality (mOs
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Appendix S Table S-2: Pediatric For
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Appendix S Table S-3: Modular Produ
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Appendix S Comments Energy (kcal) P
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Appendix S Contact Information Abbo
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Appendix T Powdered Formulas Accura
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Appendix T Table T-1: Liquid Concen
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Appendix T 402 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix U Nutrition Strategies for
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Appendix U ADA Pocket Guide to Nutr
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Glossary Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Glossary Early intervention service
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Glossary Length (recumbent length)
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Glossary Stadiometer moveable headb
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Index specialist 98 target 108 Bink
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Index elemental formula 348 elimina
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Index I ICF. See International Clas
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Index risk indicators 4 screening 1
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Index suppositories 72, 77 Surmonti
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