Nutrition Interventions for Children with Special Health Care Needs

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Chapter 20 - Nutrition Interventions for Short Bowel Syndrome References 1. Duro D, Kamin D and Duggan C. Overview of pediatric short bowel syndrome. J of Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2008; 47:S33-S36. 2. Vanderhoof JA, Young RJ, and Thompson JS. New and emerging therapies for short bowel syndrome in children. Pediatric Drugs. 2003; 5(3):525-531. 3. Torres C, Sudan D, Vanderhoof J, Grant W, Botha J. Raynor S and Langnas A. Role of an intestinal rehabilitation program in the treatment of advanced intestinal failure. J of Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2007; 45:204-212 4. Wu J, Tang Q, Feng Y, Huang J, Tao Y, Wang Y, Cai W, Shi C. Nutrition assessment of children with short bowel syndrome weaned off parenteral nutrition: a longterm follow-up study. J Pediatric Surgery. 2007; 42(8):1372-1376. 5. Goulet O, and Sauvat F. Short bowel syndrome and intestinal transplantation in children. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2006; 9:304-313. 6. Quiros-Tejera RE, Ament ME, Reyen L, Herzog F, Merjanian M, Olivares-Serrano N and Vargas JH. Long-term parenteral nutritional support and intestinal adaptation in children with short bowel syndrome: A 25-year experience. J Pediatr. 2004; 145:157-63. 7. San Luis VA, Btaiche IF;Ursodiol in patients with parenteral nutrition –associated cholestasis. Ann Pharmacother. 2007; 41(11):1867-1872. 8. Guo SM, Roche AF, Fomon SJ, Nelson SE, Chumlea WC, Rogers RR, Baumgartner RN, Ziegler EE, Siervogel RM. Reference data on gains in weight and length during the first two years of life. J Pediatr. 1991; 119(3):355-362. 9. Frisancho AR. New norms of upper limb fat and muscle areas for assessment of nutritional status. Am J Clin Nutr. 1981; 34:25402545. 10. Collier, Forchielli, Clifford: Parenteral nutrition requirements. In Baker, Baker, Davis eds. Pediatric Parenteral Nutrition. New York, NY: Chapman and Hall. 1997; 6484. 11. Holick, Michael F; Medical progress: Vitamin D deficiency; New Eng J Med. July 19, 2007; 357(3):266-281. 12. Roth DE, Martz P, Yeo R, Prosser C, Bell M, Jones AB; Are national vitamin D guidelines sufficient to maintain adequate blood levels in children? Can J Public Health. Nov/Dec 2005; 96(6):443-449. 236 Nutrition Interventions for Children With Special Health Care Needs
Chapter 21 Section 3 - Condition-Specific Nutrition Interventions Nutrition Interventions for Children With Metabolic Disorders Cristine Trahms, MS, RD, CD, FADA and Beth Ogata, MS, RD, CSP, CD Most inherited metabolic disorders are associated with severe illness that often appears soon after birth. Neurologic impairment and mental retardation may occur. However, effective newborn screening programs and advanced diagnostic techniques and treatment modalities have improved the outcome for many of these infants (1,2,3). Advances in newborn screening technology offer the potential for earlier diagnosis, prevention of neurologic crisis, and improved intellectual and physical outcomes. When tandem mass spectrometry techniques are used in newborn screening laboratories, infants with a broader range of metabolic disorders can be identified, and identification can be earlier than ever before (3). The goal of treatment for inborn errors of metabolism is to strive for correction of the biochemical abnormality. The approach to treatment for each disorder depends on the enzyme(s) affected and the metabolic consequences of that effect (1,2). Without effective nutritional therapy many children with metabolic disorders would not survive infancy or would have severe cognitive and physical problems. Outcome of treatment for metabolic disorders is variable and depends on early diagnosis and intensive intervention (1,2,3). For children with metabolic disorders, appropriate growth reflects the achievement of metabolic balance. In addition to a limited energy intake, inadequate weight gain may reflect a chronic elevation in ammonia levels or chronic acidosis. If growth and development are to proceed normally, energy and all required nutrients must be provided in adequate amounts. At the same time, controlling the biochemical abnormality necessitates the restriction of nutrients specific to the disorder to the requirement level (4,5,6). Most children with metabolic disorders require the restriction of one or more nutrients or dietary components. These restrictions are specific to each disorder Nutrition Interventions for Children With Special Health Care Needs 237
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Kay Kopp, OTR/L Occupational Therap
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Appendices Appendix A Sample Screen
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ii Nutrition Interventions for Chil
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Population “Children with special
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vi Nutrition Interventions for Chil
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Chapter 1 - Nutrition Screening and
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss needs,
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss Statur
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss Techni
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss paraly
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss time a
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss measur
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss Mild m
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss 9. Re-
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss 5. Per
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometrics Table 2
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss Refere
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss 26. Kr
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Chapter 3 - Physical Activity for C
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Chapter 4 - Breastfeeding recommend
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Chapter 4 - Breastfeeding Table 4-1
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Chapter 4 - Breastfeeding Assessmen
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Chapter 4 - Breastfeeding 58 Nutrit
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Chapter 5 - Medication-Nutrient Int
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Chapter 6 - Nutrition Interventions
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Chapter 8 - Oral-Motor Feeding Prob
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Chapter 9 - Behavior Issues Related
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Chapter 10 - Enteral Feeding Other
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Chapter 10 - Enteral Feeding Table
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Chapter 10 - Enteral Feeding Table
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Chapter 10 - Enteral Feeding Refere
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Chapter 11 - Community Monitoring o
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Chapter 12 - Accommodating Special
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Chapter 13 - Nutrition Intervention
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Page 294 and 295: Appendix A Baby formula What kind o
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Appendix D 286 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix E 292 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix E Table 3: Parent-Specific
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Appendix F Percentiles of Upper Arm
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Appendix F 302 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix G 304 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix H 312 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix I 320 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix J 328 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix K 336 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix K 338 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix L 340 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix M 342 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix M 344 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix N Gastrostomy Tube Feeding
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Appendix N activities. When feeding
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Appendix N Feeding Sets/Extensions
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Appendix N Fluid and Electrolytes W
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Appendix N osmolality of full-stren
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Appendix N Modular Products Modular
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Appendix N his family, and the home
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Appendix N • The feeding tube may
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Appendix N equipment. The Special S
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Appendix N Table N-2: Common Compli
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Appendix N Complication Possible Ca
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Appendix N 368 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix O Some conditions increase
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Appendix O Table O-3: Recommended P
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Appendix O 374 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix P Diet Prescription for Me
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Appendix Q Goals Considerations for
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Appendix R Condition Description Nu
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Appendix R Condition Description Nu
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Appendix R References 1. Ekvall SW
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Appendix S Table S-1: Infant Formul
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Appendix S Comments Osmolality (mOs
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Appendix S Table S-2: Pediatric For
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Appendix S Table S-3: Modular Produ
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Appendix S Comments Energy (kcal) P
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Appendix S Contact Information Abbo
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Appendix T Powdered Formulas Accura
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Appendix T Table T-1: Liquid Concen
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Appendix T 402 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix U Nutrition Strategies for
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Appendix U ADA Pocket Guide to Nutr
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Glossary Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Glossary Early intervention service
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Glossary Length (recumbent length)
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Glossary Stadiometer moveable headb
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Index specialist 98 target 108 Bink
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Index elemental formula 348 elimina
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Index I ICF. See International Clas
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Index risk indicators 4 screening 1
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Index suppositories 72, 77 Surmonti
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