Nutrition Interventions for Children with Special Health Care Needs

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Chapter 18 - Nutrition Interventions for Congenital Heart Disease 214 Nutrition Interventions for Children With Special Health Care Needs
CHAPTER 19 Section 3 - Condition-Specific Nutrition Interventions Nutrition Interventions for Chronic Kidney Disease Linda Astrom, MS, RD, CSP, CD; Lori Brizee, MS, RD, CSP, LD and Tracy Sutherland, MS, RD Updated by Lori Brizee, MS, RD, CSP, LD and Peggy Solan, RD, CD Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children may be due to congenital anatomical defects (e.g., urologic malformations, or dysplastic kidneys), inherited disease (e.g., autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease), or metabolic disorders which eventually result in renal failure (e.g., cystinosis or methylmalonic aciduria). CKD may also be due to acquired causes such as untreated kidney infections, physical trauma to kidneys, exposure to nephrotoxic chemicals (including some medications), or illnesses that damage the kidneys (e.g., hemolytic uremic syndrome or glomerulonephritis). CKD is a progressive disorder, which may lead to End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) which is less than 5 10% renal function. ESRD requires some type of renal replacement therapy (dialysis or kidney transplant). Depending on the cause of CKD, a child may be polyuric or oligo/anuric. The child with polyuria may “waste” electrolytes (sodium, potassium), while the child with oligo/anuria may retain electrolytes. Many children with CKD have other concurrent medical problems (e.g., heart, lung, or liver problems). The former premature infant with CKD may have lung disease and be on steroids and diuretics. In all cases, treatment must be individualized depending on weight gain, growth, laboratory values, hydration status, and other patient specific issues. Poor weight gain and growth are major issues for most children with CKD. These problems are caused by a variety of factors: (1-6) • Anorexia, resulting in inadequate nutrient intake • Uremia • Renal osteodystrophy (bone disease) • Electrolyte and mineral imbalances (sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus) • Metabolic acidosis • Anemia • Abnormal growth hormone metabolism • Nutrient losses on dialysis • Psychosocial factors resulting in poor nutritional intake Nutrition Interventions for Children With Special Health Care Needs 215
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Nutrition Interventions for Childre
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Kay Kopp, OTR/L Occupational Therap
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Appendices Appendix A Sample Screen
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ii Nutrition Interventions for Chil
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Population “Children with special
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vi Nutrition Interventions for Chil
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Chapter 1 - Nutrition Screening and
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss needs,
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss Statur
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss Techni
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss paraly
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss time a
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss measur
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss Mild m
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss 9. Re-
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss 5. Per
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometrics Table 2
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss Refere
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Chapter 2 - Anthropometricss 26. Kr
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Chapter 3 - Physical Activity for C
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Chapter 4 - Breastfeeding recommend
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Chapter 4 - Breastfeeding Table 4-1
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Chapter 4 - Breastfeeding Assessmen
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Chapter 4 - Breastfeeding 58 Nutrit
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Chapter 5 - Medication-Nutrient Int
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Chapter 6 - Nutrition Interventions
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Chapter 8 - Oral-Motor Feeding Prob
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Chapter 9 - Behavior Issues Related
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Chapter 10 - Enteral Feeding Other
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Chapter 10 - Enteral Feeding Table
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Chapter 10 - Enteral Feeding Table
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Chapter 10 - Enteral Feeding Refere
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Chapter 11 - Community Monitoring o
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Chapter 12 - Accommodating Special
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Chapter 13 - Nutrition Intervention
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Appendix A Please list any other nu
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Appendix A Baby formula What kind o
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Appendix B Manufacturer Description
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Appendix C 282 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix D 284 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix E 292 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix E Table 3: Parent-Specific
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Appendix F Percentiles of Upper Arm
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Appendix F 302 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix G 304 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix H 312 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix I 320 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix J 328 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix K 336 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix K 338 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix L 340 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix M 342 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix M 344 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix N Gastrostomy Tube Feeding
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Appendix N activities. When feeding
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Appendix N Feeding Sets/Extensions
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Appendix N Fluid and Electrolytes W
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Appendix N osmolality of full-stren
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Appendix N Modular Products Modular
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Appendix N his family, and the home
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Appendix N • The feeding tube may
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Appendix N equipment. The Special S
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Appendix N Table N-2: Common Compli
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Appendix N Complication Possible Ca
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Appendix N 368 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix O Some conditions increase
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Appendix O Table O-3: Recommended P
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Appendix O 374 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix P Diet Prescription for Me
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Appendix Q Goals Considerations for
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Appendix R Condition Description Nu
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Appendix R Condition Description Nu
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Appendix R References 1. Ekvall SW
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Appendix S Table S-1: Infant Formul
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Appendix S Comments Osmolality (mOs
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Appendix S Table S-2: Pediatric For
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Appendix S Table S-3: Modular Produ
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Appendix S Comments Energy (kcal) P
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Appendix S Contact Information Abbo
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Appendix T Powdered Formulas Accura
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Appendix T Table T-1: Liquid Concen
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Appendix T 402 Nutrition Interventi
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Appendix U Nutrition Strategies for
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Appendix U ADA Pocket Guide to Nutr
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Glossary Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Glossary Early intervention service
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Glossary Length (recumbent length)
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Glossary Stadiometer moveable headb
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Index specialist 98 target 108 Bink
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Index elemental formula 348 elimina
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Index I ICF. See International Clas
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Index risk indicators 4 screening 1
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Index suppositories 72, 77 Surmonti
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Nutrition Interventions for Children with Special Health Care Needs

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