CHINA ARQUEOLOGIA golden-age-chinese-archayeolog

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8 Prefaces10 Forewords15 Lenders to the Exhibition16 Acknowledgments18 Archaeological Sites20 Chronology22 Note to the Reader25 Introduction: A History of ModernChinese ArchaeologyXiaoneng YangCatalogue51THE FOUNDATION OF CHINESE CIVILIZATION:LATEPREHISTORIC CHINAc.5000 - 2000139THE EPIC OF THE THREE DYNASTIES:BRONZE ACE CHINAC.000-771BCETHE FLAMBOYANCE OF EASTERN ZHOU CHU AND OTHER CULTURESCHU AND OTHER CULTURESC.770-221 BCE363THE GRANDEUR OF EMPIRES:EARLIMPERIALCHINA221CE - 924 CE516 AfterwordSu Bai519 New Understandings of Chinese PrehistoryZhang Zhongpei527 The Bronze Age of ChinaZou Heng537 Issues Concerning the Formation,Development, and Demise of Chu CultureYu Weichao549 The Han and Tang DynastiesXu Pingfang556 Concordance564 Bibliography580 IndexLATE PREHISTORIC CHINAC. 5000 - 2000 BCE54 The Yangshao Culture:Banpocats. 1-568 The Yangshao Culture:Majiayaocats. 6-978 The Hongshan Culturecats. 10-2299 The Dawenkou andShandong LongshanCulturescats. 23-24106 The Taosi LongshanCulturecats. 25-28117 The Liangzhu Culturecats. 29-36BRONZE ACE CHINAC. 2000-771 BCE142 The Erlitou Culture atYanshi, Henan Provincecats. 37-40150 Tombs of the LowerXiajiadian Culture atDadianzi, Aohanqi,Inner Mongoliacats. 41-45162 Tomb 5 and OtherDiscoveries at Xiaotun,Anyang, Henan Provincecats. 46-54182 Shang Oracle-BoneInscriptions from Anyang,Henan Provincecats. 55-56187 The Tomb at Dayangzhou,Xin'gan, Jiangxi Provincecats. 57-64206 Sacrificial Pits atSanxingdui, Guanghan,Sichuan Provincecats. 65-75228 Bronzes from Feng Haoand Environs,Shaanxi Provincecats. 76-77236 Bronzes from Hoard 1at Zhuangbai, Fufeng,Shaanxi Provincecats. 78-83248 Royal Tombs of the JinState, Beizhao, Quwo,Shanxi Provincecats. 84-90
Page 2: THE GOLDEN ACE OFChinese Archaeolog
Page 5: The exhibition is sponsored by East
Page 9 and 10: July 29,1999It is of great signific
Page 11 and 12: ForewordSeveral times in the past f
Page 13 and 14: ForewordWercwu, the modern Chinese
Page 16 and 17: Lenders to the ExhibitionChunhua Co
Page 18 and 19: and Andrew Krieger, in the registra
Page 21 and 22: LATE PREHISTORIC CHINA5OOO 4OOO 300
Page 23 and 24: Note to the ReaderThe works of art
Page 26 and 27: A History of Modern Chinese Archaeo
Page 28 and 29: Bodhisattva as guide ofsouls. Ink a
Page 30 and 31: 192OS-194 os: FORMATIONThe Swede Jo
Page 32 and 33: olithic archaeologists, which inclu
Page 34 and 35: Site photograph of the1935 excavati
Page 36 and 37: Ming dynasty (1368-1644) near Beiji
Page 38 and 39: Bronze canister withgilt bronze rid
Page 40 and 41: veyed and excavated, and ancient ci
Page 42 and 43: cussed in China. 92 Chinese archaeo
Page 44 and 45: Excavation photographof Tomb i, Maw
Page 46: and Black 1931.37 For the history o
Page 50: LATE PREHISTORIC CHINA
Page 53 and 54: Terracotta head; height 22.5(8 7 /s
Page 55 and 56: THE YANGSHAOCULTURE: BANPODuring th
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Two vessels in the exhibition come
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1Painted pottery hu vesselHeight 15
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2Painted pottery pen basinDiam. 51
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such as the combination of the cres
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5Painted pottery gang urnHeight 47
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FIG. i. Bird-fish-axe designon the
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THE YANGSHAOCULTURE:MAJIAYAOAlthoug
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until about the year 2000 BCE, when
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6Painted pottery pen basinHeight 14
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74 |LAT E PREHISTORIC CHINA
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8Painted pottery bo bowlHeight 5 (2
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THE HONCSHANC U LT U R EDuring the
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Excavation photograph ofTomb 4, Mou
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1082 I LATE PREHISTORIC CHINA
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11Yangshao, and the Taosi Longshan
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1212Jade turtle carapaceHeight 2.7
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mask, and the mask's position in th
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15Jade Y-shaped object with animal
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V IV jdetail |The three-holed jade
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19!9reverseFIG. i. Jade arm ornamen
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21Terra-cotta torso of a pregnant w
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Decoration and crosssection of cat.
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In the late 19708, Tang Lan (1901 -
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23Pottery zun urn with incised pict
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24Jade hair ornament inlaid with tu
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THE TAOSILONGSHANCULTUREWhen the ce
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painted gray wares came to predomin
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millennium. 2 On the Beishouling hu
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26bThe painted designs on (b) have
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27bon the diagonal, that continue u
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a thin cord drawn through a perfora
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Cat. 323, detail showinga human fac
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earth) confirms the existence of bo
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3oform the subject's beady eyes, br
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31Jade yue axe and haft fittingsaxe
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32323a. Jade trapezoidal plaqueHeig
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33a33a. Jade plaqueHeight 3.9 (i l
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34 a 34bcentimeters and has sharp c
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132 I LATE PREHISTORIC CHINA
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36Jade beads and plaqueBeads: lengt
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BRONZE AGE CHINA
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Bronze plaque inlaid withturquoise;
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THE ERLITOUCULTURE ATYANSHI, HENANP
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37Bronze ding tripodHeight 20 (7 7
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38Bronze plaque inlaid with turquoi
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3939Hardstone zhang ritual bladeHei
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TOMBS OFTHE LOWERXIAJIADIANCULTURE
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found in the burials alongside the
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41Painted pottery li jarHeight 25 (
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ing upward to form the taotie's "cr
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44against a red ground. The decorat
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the vessel was locally produced. Al
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TOMB 5AND OTHERDISCOVERIESAT XIAOTU
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46Bronze fangding vessel with flat
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47Bronze yan steamer with three ves
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l68 I BRONZE ACE CHINA
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49Bronze animal-shaped gong vesselH
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50Bronze fangjia vesselHeight 67 (2
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1/4 | BRONZE ACE CHINA
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52Bronze yue axeHeight 39.5 (15 Viz
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53Ivory goblet inlaid with turquois
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54a I54C54b180 I BRONZE ACE CHINA
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SHANGORACLE-BONEINSCRIPTIONSFROM AN
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55Inscribed bovid scapulaHeight 40.
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showing that the topic had been cra
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Excavation photograph ofthe tomb at
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only surface detail — a decoratio
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two halves, one on each side, hangi
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ten vessels were wine containers (h
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series utilizing a common design. (
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handles. These truly are the "impos
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62Bronze fangyou vesselHeight 27.8
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rior's own features, the mask must
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Most published Shang period bo have
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Excavation photographs ofPit 2 at S
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held up to the level of the nose, t
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6666backby one count, including cat
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67sideI 68sidedifferent types might
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6 92l6I BRONZE AGE CHINA
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7°2l8 I BRONZE ACE CHINA
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22OBRONZE ACE CHINA
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7 272Bronze raptor ornamentHeight 4
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224 I BRONZE ACE CHINA
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75Incised gold sheathLength 142 (55
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BRONZES FROMFENG HAOAND ENVIRONS,SH
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The bronzes from Tomb 163 are somew
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232 I BRONZE ACE CHINA
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77Bronze animal-shaped zun vesselHe
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BRONZES FROMHOARD 1 ATZHUANGBAI,FUF
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78Lu Fu Yi bronze gu vesselHeight 2
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years at the beginning of the dynas
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8iShi Qiang bronze pan vesselHeight
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82he had abundant good fortune and
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83Bronze fangding vesselHeight 17.8
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ROYAL TOMBS OFTHE JIN STATE,BEIZHAO
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»4Jade and hardstone face covering
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253 I ROYAL TOMBS OF THE JIN STATE,
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carved for another purpose, and dat
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87Jinhou Pi bronze gui vesselHeight
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rately, with many lifelike features
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coarse ribbon decoration of the pie
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crats who controlled the area of th
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The Flamboyance of Eastern ZhouCHU
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riage of Zhou and nomadic tradition
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the Xiasi-Heshangling tombs indicat
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scale in E in three consecutive oct
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THE ZENGHOU YlTOMB ATLEIGUDUN,SUIXI
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in the histories, none were located
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vessel. 5 The decoration consists o
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pentine creatures in a style that i
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95Bronze zun-pan vesselszun: height
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As a tour de force of multiple cast
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96Pair of bronze hu jars with stand
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97Bronze jian-fou cooler and ladlej
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Since no earlier square jian-fou ar
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99Bronze brazier, charcoal shovel,
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100Bronze cranelike figure with dee
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FIG. i. Painted lacquerdrum stand f
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ponent of the rituals is confirmed
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103Bronze shu spearOverall length 3
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105Gold zhan bowl and hi spoonzhan:
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io6Jade pendant in the shape of ash
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CHU LACQUERSFROM HUBEIPROVINCELacqu
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io/Duck-shaped painted lacquer he b
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io8Painted lacquer dou containerHei
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109Painted lacquer deerHeight 77 (3
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110Painted lacquer screenHeight 15
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IllmaTwo painted lacquer erbei cups
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TOMB 1AT MASHAN,JIANGLING,HUBEI PRO
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FIG. 2. The body, wrappedand tied.w
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11231312111098765432112341234Fixed
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TI2C326 I CHU AND OTHER CULTURES
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1 Excavated in 1982 (N 9); reported
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instruments, including sets of bell
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wrapped around some of the handles
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334 CHU AND OTHER CULTURES
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"5Bronze zun vessel inlaid with gol
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n6Horn carved with three dragonsHei
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ii7Bronze Ejun Qi jie tallyHeight 3
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FIG. 3. Reconstruction ofthe land a
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TOMB 1 ATTIANXINGGUAN,JIANGLING,HUB
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these comes from a mid-seventh cent
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States elite in Chu and elsewhere s
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THE TOMB OFKING CUO OFZHONGSHANAT S
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FIG. 2. Excavation photographof the
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affiliations and names of the indiv
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hindquarters raised — and their o
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EARLY IMPERIAL CHINA
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Excavation photograph ofPit i at Xi
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THE TERRA-COTTA ARMYNEAR THE FIRSTE
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Excavation photographs ofthe terra-
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123Terra-cotta figure of a high-ran
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124Terra-cotta figure of a middle-r
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12 5Terra-cotta figure of a standin
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126Terra-cotta figure of a kneeling
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12/Terra-cotta figure of a chariote
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128A group of four terra-cotta char
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THE ROYAL TOMBSAT LINGSHAN,MANCHENG
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129Jade shroud sewn with gold wire,
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392 | EARLY IMPERIAL CHINA
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The high relief of the bronze and j
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i3iBronze ding tripod with bear-sha
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132Bronze hu vessel with bird-scrip
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133and from Yangzhou in Jiangsu pro
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134Bronze boshanlu censer inlaid wi
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135Bronze ram-shaped lampHeight 18.
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136Bronze bird-shaped lampHeight 30
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137Gilt bronze human-shaped lampHei
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Excavation photograph ofthe main ch
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138Gold seal of Emperor WenHeight 3
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139Jade shroud sewn with silk, and
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140Jade double-bi disk with spiral
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FIG. i. Detail of a paintedcoffin f
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creature; the two horns of the beas
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144Jade pei pectoralLength approxim
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H5Jade pei ornament in the shape of
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figures, a huang, and some beads. 2
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carved jade object. The silver box
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texts are exceedingly rare events);
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incised lines. The cup sits on thre
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1506i5obdetailplumes and two intert
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150Chave been used in conjunction w
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an expression of inner contemplatio
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quarter of the fifth century had be
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152Painted stone standing Buddha97
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153Painted stone standing bodhisatt
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HEJIACUNAND OTHERDISCOVERIES ATXI'A
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154Parcel-gilt silver pan dish with
Page 455 and 456:
156in counterbalance, one up and on
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!57Jade belt inlaid with gold, pear
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158Two gold tree appliquesHeight 13
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!59Gilt bronze striding dragonHeigh
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DISCOVERIESFROM THE FAMENMONASTERYA
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The second chamber of the crypt con
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placed one in each corner of the in
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i6iGilt bronze pagodaHeight 53.5(19
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l62Crystal reliquary container in t
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163doctrine for the most speedy att
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outspread wings; their sweeping tai
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including the Pure Land of the West
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i6 5Parcel-gilt silver tea basketHe
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i66Openwork parcel-gilt silver cens
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167Mi se ware pan dishHeight 6.1 (2
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i68Blue glass pan dish with engrave
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169Bronze ewerHeight 29.5 (11.61);
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TANG POTTERYFUNERARYFIGURES FROMXI'
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Cat. 173century CE, sancai (three-c
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I/OA group of five painted pottery
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elaborate arrangements or wear the
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areas long before the earliest arti
Page 505 and 506:
504 I EARLY IMPERIAL CHINA
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THE TOMB OFWANG CHUZHIAT XIYANCHUAN
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Southeast corner of theanteroom, sh
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V5indicating that such deliberate m
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be a male conductor, or drum major.
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ESSAYS
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At the turning point of the twentie
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lower and middle Yangzi regions and
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Henan province; it ultimately retre
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mainly in northern China, and we ha
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The Bronze Age of ChinaZ O U H E N
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finds demonstrated that the early S
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more 70,000 square meters. Cities o
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Archaeological investigation of the
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led archeologists to designate thei
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expanding and then contracting. Bec
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the broader definition of the Chu c
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Cat. 95, detailtypes of vessels are
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shaman and ghosts, and favored lewd
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shu (c. 179-104 BCE) known as the "
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The Han and Tang DynastiesXUPINGFAN
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excavations prior to the Mancheng e
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was granted the titles of Prince of
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mi se porcelains and the gold and s
Page 558 and 559:
FufengFujian Province (Fujian Sheng
Page 560 and 561:
XinzhuxiangXishuiquanXitaiXiyanchua
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Maba ManMajiabang CultureMajiayao C
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gong (guang)guguguanguiguihehehuhu
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Chang 19863. Chang Kwang-chih.The A
Page 568 and 569:
Liaohe wenming qiyuantezheng zai re
Page 570 and 571:
Kuhn 1982. Kuhn, Dieter. "The Silk-
Page 572 and 573:
Morgan 1877. Morgan, Lewis H.Ancien
Page 574 and 575:
wenwu kaogudui. "SichuanWushan Daxi
Page 576 and 577:
Wang and Wang 1993. Wang Xu andWang
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Quanshu. Vol. 463. Shanghai,1987.Yu
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shouci faxian tongqi," Kaogu1984,10
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Dawenkou culture, 51, 53, 66, 99-10
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Sanji, Pingshan, Hebei province,352
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