Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports Volume 38 July 28, 2000

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tions) and the project is essentially the same year to year, therefore much of the text of each report reiterates previously published information. DTIC Geothermal Resources; Environmental Monitoring 100 43 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING �� 20000062017 Woods Hole Research Center, MA USA Predicting Fire Susceptibility in the Forests of Amazonia, 1 Feb. 1997 - 31 Jan. 2000 Nepstad, Daniel C., Woods Hole Research Center, USA; Brown, I. Foster, Woods Hole Research Center, USA; Setzer, Alberto, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espacias, Brazil; Jun. 01, 2000; 8p; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAG5-3934; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy; A01, Microfiche Although fire is the single greatest threat to the ecological integrity of Amazon forests, our ability to predict the occurrence of Amazon forest fires is rudimentary. Part of the difficulty encountered in making such predictions is the remarkable capacity of Amazon forests to tolerate drought by tapping moisture stored in deep soil. These forests can avoid drought-induced leaf shedding by withdrawing moisture to depths of 8 meters and more. Hence, the absorption of deep soil moisture allows these forests to maintain their leaf canopies following droughts of several months duration, thereby maintaining the deep shade and high relative humidity of the forest interior that prevents these ecosystems from burning. But the drought- and fire-avoidance that is conferred by this deep-rooting phenomenon is not unlimited. During successive years of drought, such as those provoked by El Nino episodes, deep soil moisture can be depleted, and drought-induced leaf shedding begins. The goal of this project was to incorporate this knowledge of Amazon forest fire ecology into a predictive model of forest flammability. Author Amazon Region (South America); Combustion; Drought; Flammability; Forest Fires; Predictions 20000062304 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA USA Estimating Vegetation Parameters from Interferometric and Polarimetric Radar Using Physical Scattering Models Treuhaft, Robert N., Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., USA; [1999]; 1p; In English; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy; A01, Microfiche Radar data from vegetated land surfaces depend on many structural and compositional parameters describing the terrain. Because early, noninterferometric radar systems usually constituted an insufficient observation set from which to estimate parameters of the terrain, statistical regression techniques were used which incorporated some level of apriori knowledge or field measurements. With the advent of radar interferometry and polarimetric interferometry, potentially at multiple baselines, the observation set is now approaching that required to quantitatively estimate the parameters describing a vegetated land surface. Quantitative estimation entails formulating a physical scattering model relating the radar observations to the vegetation and surface parameters on which they depend. This paper describes the physics of candidate scattering models, and shows how the models determine the estimable parameter set. It also indicates the measurement accuracy of parameters such as vegetation height, heightto-base-of-live-crown, and surface topography with multibaseline polarimetric interferometry. Author Accuracy; Estimating; Interferometry; Observation; Vegetation; Terrain 20000062310 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA USA Global Boreal Forest Mapping with JERS-1: North America Williams, Cynthia L., Alaska Synthetic Aperature Radar Facility, USA; McDonald, Kyle, Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., USA; Chapman, Bruce, Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., USA; [2000]; 3p; In English; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy; A01, Microfiche Collaborative effort is underway to map boreal forests worldwide using L-band, single polarization Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery from the Japanese Earth Resources (JERS-1) satellite. Final products of the North American Boreal Forest Mapping Project will include two continental scale radar mosaics and supplementary multitemporal mosaics for Alaska, central Canada, and eastern Canada. For selected sites, we are also producing local scale (100 km x 100 km) and regional scale maps (1000
km x 1000 km). As with the nearly completed Amazon component of the Global Rain Forest Mapping project, SAR imagery, radar image mosaics and SAR-derived texture image products will be available to the scientific community on the World Wide Web. Image acquisition for this project has been completed and processing and image interpretation is underway at the Alaska SAR Facility. Author Image Processing; Thematic Mapping; Rain Forests; Radar Imagery; North America 20000062933 Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA USA The Gulf Coastal Plain Ecosystem Partnership: Development of Conservation Strategies and Projects Final Report, 5 May 1998 - 4 May 2000 Compton, Vernon; May 2000; 274p; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-98-2-8015 Report No.(s): AD-A377316; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A12, Hardcopy; A03, Microfiche The Gulf Coastal Plain Ecosystem Partnership (GCPEP) is a unique collaboration among Eglin AFB, The Nature Conservancy (TNC), Champion International Corporation, Blackwater River State Forest, Northwest Florida Water Management District and National Forests in Alabama and Florida, who cooperate under the auspices of a 1996 multi party Memorandum of Understanding. The partners manage more than 840,000 acres in one of the most important conservation landscapes in the Southeast. of the 115 species of plants and animals and 29% natural communities identified by TNC as being targets for conservation action in the 42 million acre Eastern Gulf Coastal Plain ecoregion, 37% of species and 38% of natural communities occur on GCPEP lands, despite GCPEP being only 2% of the ecoregional land area. The GCPEP has undertaken a joint planning process, including identifying site conservation targets and assessing the stresses and sources of stress. Eighteen total conservation targets were identified, ranging from single species (e.g., red-cockaded woodpeckers) to large, matrix-forming ecosystem types, (e.g., longleaf pine matrix). Major threats to targets include residential development, incompatible fire, forestry and agricultural practices, unstable management funding and roads/utility corridors. Cooperative conservation strategies were developed in the project’s second phase. DTIC Gulfs; Coastal Ecology; Ecosystems 20000064524 Colorado Univ., Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO USA Sources of Variability in Plant Canopy Hyperspectral Data in a Savanna Ecosystem Asner, Gregory P., Colorado Univ., USA; Wessman, Carol A., Colorado Univ., USA; Bateson, C. Ann, Colorado Univ., USA; Summaries of the Seventh JPL Airborne Earth Science Workshop January 12-16, 1998; Dec. 19, 1998; Volume 1, pp. 23-31; In English; See also 20000064520; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy; A04, Microfiche The relative importance of the plant structural, biophysical, and biochemical attributes of vegetation that determine a hyperspectral reflectance signal have not been well quantified. Vegetation reflectance is primarily a function of tissue optical properties (leaf, woody stem, standing litter), canopy structural attributes (e.g. leaf and stem area), soil reflectance, illumination conditions, and viewing geometry. Foliage and non-photosynthetic vegetation (NPV) affect the radiation field through their reflectance and transmittance characteristics. Leaf optical properties are a function of leaf structure, water content, and the concentration of biochemicals (e.g. lignin, cellulose, nitrogen). However, several studies have demonstrated that leaf-level variability in carbon and nitrogen chemistry plays a small role in determining canopy reflectance characteristics in comparison to leaf water content and leaf area index (LAI). In this paper, we use a combination of field and modeling techniques to quantify the relative contribution of leaf, stem, and litter optical properties, and canopy and landscape structural attributes, to the hyperspectral reflectance characteristics of a spatially complex savanna ecosystem. In contrast to recent studies focused on scaling within-leaf biochemical characteristics to leaf and canopy scales, this study approaches the scaling problem from the observed variability in tissue optical properties, then examines the importance of this tissue-level variability in comparison to canopy structural variability at landscape scales using a plant canopy radiative transfer model. Derived from text Spectrum Analysis; Canopies (Vegetation); Leaf Area Index; Optical Properties; Mathematical Models; Remote Sensing 101
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Scientific and Technical Aerospace
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Introduction Scientific and Technic
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Subject Divisions Table of Contents
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ground equipment and systems. For a
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Subject Categories of the Division
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48 Oceanography 139 Includes the ph
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72 Atomic and Molecular Physics 191
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Document Availability Information T
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Avail: NASA Public Document Rooms.
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NASA CASI Price Tables — Effectiv
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ALABAMA AUBURN UNIV. AT MONTGOMERY
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��
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20000061433 Pisa Univ., Dipartiment
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English; 34th; 34th Thermophysics C
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ciency of the generated derivative
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20000063509 NASA Glenn Research Cen
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05 AIRCRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PER
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A long tradition of aerodynamic des
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sonic and transonic cases will be p
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20000061449 British Aerospace Publi
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20000064593 NASA Langley Research C
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performance required for a proposed
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ment cost and create better product
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tion (NPSS), is focused on the inte
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surface measurement techniques used
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with emphasis on the search for lin
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20000063520 NASA Kennedy Space Cent
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primary issues for it’s adaptatio
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Footage shows the night vertical ta
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necessary for ignition modeling, or
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engine lifetime, and high power ope
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24 COMPOSITE MATERIALS ��
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ments. For the screening of liner m
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formation of a neutral, fluorescent
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Page 133 and 134: in Yellowstone National Park. We ar
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The analysis of this smaller data s
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vided a functional helmet mount. Th
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61 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING AND SOFTWAR
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The goal of multi-image classificat
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20000063526 Defence Science and Tec
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85 dB amplifier design evolved by o
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20000064594 New Mexico Univ., Elect
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20000064615 NASA Ames Research Cent
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declarations with a pattern recogni
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containing point where interpolatio
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has his own responsibility, while t
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the people, documents and projects
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and experimental technology, many o
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tems. In particular this applicatio
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Over the past decade, high performa
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expensive than a single analysis. I
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20000064726 Carnegie-Mellon Univ.,
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20000064099 Teledyne Brown Engineer
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20000066597 Geophysical Observatory
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20000065633 Institute TNO of Applie
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important conclusion is that for su
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est frame of the string. The modifi
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isotopes. The method and program we
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A detailed study is undertaken, usi
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20000063497 Kaiser Electro-Optics,
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delivers 60% of the x-ray flux from
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76 SOLID-STATE PHYSICS ��
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20000064660 Abdus Salam Internation
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20000067648 NASA Marshall Space Fli
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20000064703 Institute of Atomic Ene
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The BRST approach is applied to the
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20000067671 Hampton Univ., VA USA A
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82 DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SC
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ecoming almost too cumbersome to be
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physical world. These are the two p
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with WFPC2 data. Tests of HSTphot
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A brief description is given of the
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20000064070 NASA Ames Research Cent
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gas, show variations that have rema
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egy, called Power In that would all
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20000064089 Smithsonian Astrophysic
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A ABERRATION, 143, 198 ABRASION, 22
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COMPRESSIBLE FLOW, 83 COMPRESSION L
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FATIGUE (MATERIALS), 50, 93, 96 FAT
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LASING, 90 LATE STARS, 224 LATITUDE
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PATCH ANTENNAS, 74 PATHOLOGY, 98 PA
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SPACE PLATFORMS, 38 SPACE PROBES, 2
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WIND PROFILES, 137 WIND TUNNEL TEST
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Brown, Andy, 38 Brown, April S., 20
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Grosvenor, C. A., 70 Grosvenor, J.
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Lu, Gui-Ying, 50 Lugg, Desmond J.,
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Robertson, Tony, 39 Robinson, Jeffr
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Warner, J. D., 63 Warren, James, 16
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Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports Volume 38 July 28, 2000

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