Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports Volume 38 July 28, 2000

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ing Officer (WEO) and the Deputy Weapon Engineering Officer (DWEO). This report describes this research in which we focussed upon the innovation of the function-course for the DWEO. Based upon an analysis of the current training practices and a task analysis, a new concept is developed for the function-course of the DWEO. Author Education; Procedures; Training Evaluation; Models 20000065636 Physics and Electronics Lab. TNO, The Hague, Netherlands Boot: Decision Support for the Selection of Facilities for Education and Training Final Report vanderHulst, A., Physics and Electronics Lab. TNO, Netherlands; deHoog, R., Physics and Electronics Lab. TNO, Netherlands; Wielemaker, J., Physics and Electronics Lab. TNO, Netherlands; December 1999; 58p; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): A98/KM/749; TNO Proj. 27655 Report No.(s): TD99-0240; FEL-99-A188; Copyright; Avail: Issuing Activity The present report describes a method and accompanying tool (BOOT) providing decision support for the selection of facilities for education and training. BOOT supports users to define a programme of requirements for future e&t facilities. As fidelity requirements turned out to be of major importance for the selection of facilities, knowledge based support for the definition of such requirements is provided. After having defined the programme of requirements, BOOT helps to match this programme against profiles for possible e&t facilities. Finally, the user is aided to define the relative importance of the various requirements and to perform a two step multi-criteria analysis. In the first step, an optimum choice on the basis of educational requirements is determined, in the second step organizational and financial constraints are taken into regard to reach an overall optimum choice. Author Education; Knowledge Based Systems 20000067651 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL USA Intelligent Tutoring Systems for Procedural Task Training of Remote Payload Operations at NASA Ong, James, Henke Associates, Inc.; Noneman, Steven, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, USA; [2000]; 1p; In English; Interservice/Industry Training, Simulation and Education, Nov. 2000, Orlando, FL, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS8-98071; No Copyright; Avail: Issuing Activity; Abstract Only Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) encode and apply the subject matter and teaching expertise of experienced instructors to provide students with individualized instruction automatically. ITSs complement training simulators by providing automated instruction when it is not economical or feasible to dedicate an instructor to each student during training simulations. Despite their proven training effectiveness and favorable operating cost, however, relatively few ITSs are in use. This is largely because it is usually costly and difficult to encode the task knowledge used by the ITS to evaluate the student’s actions and assess the student’s performance. Procedural tasks are tasks for which there exist procedures, guidelines, and strategies that determine the correct set of steps to be taken within each situation. to lower the cost and difficulty of creating tutoring systems for procedural task training, Stottler Henke Associates, Inc. (SHAI) worked closely with the Operations Training Group at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center to develop the Task Tutor Toolkit (T (exp 3)), a generic tutoring system shell and scenario authoring tool. The Task Tutor Toolkit employs a case-based reasoning approach where the instructor creates a procedure template that specifies the range of student actions that are ”correct” within each scenario. Because each procedure template is specific to a single scenario, the system can employ relatively simple reasoning methods to represent a correct set of actions and assess student performance. This simplicity enables a non-programmer to specify task knowledge quickly and easily by via graphical user interface, using a ”demonstrate, generalize, and annotate” paradigm, that recognizes the range of possible valid actions and infers principles understood (or misunderstood) by the student when those actions are carried out. The Task Tutor Toolkit was also designed to be modular and general, so that it can be interfaced with a wide range of training simulators and support a variety of training domains. SHAI and NASA applied the Task Tutor Toolkit to create the Remote Payload Operations Tutor (RPOT). RPOT is a specific tutoring system application which lets scientists who are new to space mission operations learn to monitor and control their experiments aboard the International Space Station according to NASA payload regulations, guidelines, and procedures. The RPOT simulator lets students practice these skills by monitoring the telemetry variable values of a simple, hypothetical experiment, sending commands to the experiment, coordinating with NASA personnel via voice communication loops, and submitting and retrieving information via documents and forms. At the end of each scenario, RPOT displays the principles correctly or incorrectly demonstrated by the student, along with explanations and background information. The effectiveness of RPOT and the Task Tutor Toolkit are currently under evaluation at NASA. Author Education; Payloads; Tasks; Training Simulators; Remote Control; Artificial Intelligence 212
20000067671 Hampton Univ., VA USA American Indial Educational Opportunities Program at Hampton University Final Report, 1 Jan. - 31 Dec. 1999 Molin, Paulette F., Hampton Univ., USA; [1999]; 3p; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NGT1-52207; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy; A01, Microfiche The American Indian Educational Opportunities Program (AIEOP) at Hampton University was formed to provide scholarship and other support to eligible students from state and federally recognized tribal groups on campus. During the reporting period, AIEOP worked to enhance American Indian participation at Hampton through a variety of means, including recruitment and retention of students, outreach activities, curatorial efforts, course instruction, and sponsorship of educational programs. Dr. Paulette F. Molin, a member of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, served as the program’s director. Derived from text American Indians; Education; Universities �� 81 ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT 20000061486 Battelle Seattle Research Center, Seattle, WA USA Simplified Crew Size Evaluation Method Final Report Lee, John D.; Forsythe, Alice M.; Rothblum, Anita M.; Jan. 2000; 62p; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DTCG39-94-D-E00777 Report No.(s): AD-A377253; UDI-16(2); USCG-D-13-00; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy; A01, Microfiche This report identifies a simplified method of crew size evaluation that can complement the relatively complex crew size evaluation method (CSEM). The simplified crew size evaluation method (S-CSEM) uses lookup tables that were generated via CSEM analyses and a task-based description of operating conditions to eliminate complex calculations, provide flexibility, and link operating conditions to the number of crew needed for vessel operation. Thus, S-CSEM is a simple and practical tool for crew size evaluation. This report is one of two reports on the use of CSEM to evaluate crew needs under different operational scenarios. The lookup tables in this report were generated by an in-depth analysis reported in, ”The Use of the Crew Size Evaluation Method to Examine the Effect of Operational Factors on Crew Needs,” CG-D-12-00. That report contains a detailed description of the analyses, the data sets used to perform the analyses, and criteria which can be applied in the evaluation of sufficient crew. DTIC Crew Size; Evaluation; Workloads (Psychophysiology) 20000064013 Institute for Human Factors TNO, Soesterberg, Netherlands Analysis of Command Functions on Time, Volume, and Complexity Criteria Interim Report Rasker, P. C., Institute for Human Factors TNO, Netherlands; Post, W. M., Institute for Human Factors TNO, Netherlands; Treurniet, W., Physics and Electronics Lab. TNO, Netherlands; vanDelft, J. H., Institute for Human Factors TNO, Netherlands; Essens, P. J. M. D., Institute for Human Factors TNO, Netherlands; Dec. 30, 1999; 28p; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): A98/KM/342; TNO Proj. 731.1 Report No.(s): TD-99-0375; TM-99-A085; Copyright; Avail: Issuing Activity This study is done in the context of the ’Future Command Study’ assigned by the Royal Netherlands Navy to TNO. The objective of this study was to make an analysis of Command & Control functions on time, volume, and complexity criteria and validate the results of the committee. Based on three criteria (time, volume, and complexity) critical combinations of Command & Control functions and operational tasks (’hotspots’) were identified by experts. Hotspots were in particularly found in operational situations with a pertinent rules of engagement component. The combination of high uncertainty in operational situations in littoral waters with complex rules of engagement and less-identifiable opponents provides a high workload situation. The results show that the experts expect high volumes and complexity of information for threat assessment (who is the opponent and what options does the opponent have) and decision-making (what will the consequences be of planned actions considering multiple threats). Author Command and Control; Decision Making; Time Functions; Volume; Complexity 213
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Scientific and Technical Aerospace
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Introduction Scientific and Technic
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Subject Divisions Table of Contents
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ground equipment and systems. For a
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Subject Categories of the Division
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48 Oceanography 139 Includes the ph
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72 Atomic and Molecular Physics 191
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Document Availability Information T
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Avail: NASA Public Document Rooms.
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NASA CASI Price Tables — Effectiv
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ALABAMA AUBURN UNIV. AT MONTGOMERY
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��
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20000061433 Pisa Univ., Dipartiment
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English; 34th; 34th Thermophysics C
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ciency of the generated derivative
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20000063509 NASA Glenn Research Cen
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05 AIRCRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PER
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A long tradition of aerodynamic des
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sonic and transonic cases will be p
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20000061449 British Aerospace Publi
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20000064593 NASA Langley Research C
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performance required for a proposed
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ment cost and create better product
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tion (NPSS), is focused on the inte
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surface measurement techniques used
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with emphasis on the search for lin
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20000063520 NASA Kennedy Space Cent
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primary issues for it’s adaptatio
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Footage shows the night vertical ta
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20000067665 NASA Kennedy Space Cent
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necessary for ignition modeling, or
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engine lifetime, and high power ope
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24 COMPOSITE MATERIALS ��
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ments. For the screening of liner m
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formation of a neutral, fluorescent
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20000065655 Ames Lab., IA USA Funda
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This is a second Triennial Conferen
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of completely charged PSSNa solutio
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20000064100 NASA Langley Research C
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Spacecraft in low Earth orbit (LEO)
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Pressure gradients, i.e. pressure h
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agreed that the NO(sub x) levels co
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tectural approach to extending the
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20000064078 Physics and Electronics
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20000064925 Institute for Human Fac
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20000062455 National Inst. of Stand
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Added Analysis (Risk Reduction); 6)
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shipboard electrical power generati
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20000067664 Jet Propulsion Lab., Ca
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other, The theoretical framework go
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figures compare the lift and pitchi
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ment phase demonstrate desired feat
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esolution mode with resolving power
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to track 1% or 0.5% changes was hig
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20000067643 NASA Marshall Space Fli
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37 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ��
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solver based on overset grid techno
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20000067659 NASA Marshall Space Fli
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20000064621 Rensselaer Polytechnic
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that for a specific example of a be
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km x 1000 km). As with the nearly c
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20000064527 Analytical Imaging and
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20000064533 Austin State Univ., Dep
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20000064539 California Univ., Inst.
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in Yellowstone National Park. We ar
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terns of community hysteresis based
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tion model (DEM) fitting to the sca
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The Carolina slate belt is a 10- to
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20000063373 Los Alamos National Lab
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20000064912 New Energy and Industri
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and discusses the issues and resear
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The objective of this study was to
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distributions with engine test resu
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7.6, while the 1926 events appear t
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We investigate the compositional di
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Flight Center, USA; Moore, T. E., N
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This report presents the Applied Me
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in Goa, India, by 3 - 4 days. Wind
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51 LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL) Includes
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20000062717 Joint Inst. for Nuclear
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during 50% (SD 4%) of the breathing
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20000064711 Massachusetts Inst. of
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The analysis of this smaller data s
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vided a functional helmet mount. Th
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61 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING AND SOFTWAR
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The goal of multi-image classificat
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20000063526 Defence Science and Tec
Page 183 and 184: 85 dB amplifier design evolved by o
Page 185 and 186: 20000064594 New Mexico Univ., Elect
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Page 189 and 190: declarations with a pattern recogni
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Page 197 and 198: and experimental technology, many o
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Page 205 and 206: 20000064726 Carnegie-Mellon Univ.,
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Page 215 and 216: est frame of the string. The modifi
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Page 239 and 240: ecoming almost too cumbersome to be
Page 241 and 242: physical world. These are the two p
Page 243 and 244: with WFPC2 data. Tests of HSTphot
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Page 249 and 250: gas, show variations that have rema
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Page 257 and 258: A ABERRATION, 143, 198 ABRASION, 22
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Page 263 and 264: LASING, 90 LATE STARS, 224 LATITUDE
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Page 267 and 268: SPACE PLATFORMS, 38 SPACE PROBES, 2
Page 269 and 270: WIND PROFILES, 137 WIND TUNNEL TEST
Page 271 and 272: Brown, Andy, 38 Brown, April S., 20
Page 273 and 274: Grosvenor, C. A., 70 Grosvenor, J.
Page 275 and 276: Lu, Gui-Ying, 50 Lugg, Desmond J.,
Page 277 and 278: Robertson, Tony, 39 Robinson, Jeffr
Page 279: Warner, J. D., 63 Warren, James, 16
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Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports Volume 38 July 28, 2000

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