Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports Volume 38 July 28, 2000

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ENGINEERING (GENERAL)
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20000061422 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
The Multidisciplinary Engineer in the Context of Concurrent Engineering
Moorhouse, David J., Air Force Research Lab., USA; Aerodynamic Design and Optimisation of Flight Vehicles in a Concurrent
Multi-Disciplinary Environment; June 2000, pp. 3-1 - 3-7; In English; See also 20000061419; Copyright Waived; Avail: CASI;
A02, Hardcopy
Throughout the evolution of the design of flight vehicles, the role of the individual engineer has also evolved. As aircraft have
become more complex and performance envelopes have become ever larger, the role of the technical specialist has diminished
in favor of the design team approach. Although the theme of the symposium deals with aerodynamic design and optimization,
many comments apply to all technical disciplines. In this paper we review this design evolution very briefly. It is suggested that
the evolutionary design process led to independent technical disciplines, technology development along the same lines and finally
engineering education in the same engineering sciences. Concurrent engineering is discussed, together with the advantages and
disadvantages from the viewpoint of the practicing engineers. It is suggested that the required approach leads to a requirement
for engineers with a broader view than the traditional specialists. Next we consider the education process which, for design engineers,
has evolved from apprenticeship to curricula that teach the engineering sciences. It is suggested that we may need to consider
moving to the science of engineering. Finally, a possible view of future aerospace vehicle design is presented.
Author
Aerodynamics; Concurrent Engineering; Engineers; Transfer of Training; Design Analysis
20000062313 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA USA
Challenges of Packaging Photonic Devices
Lutes, George, Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., USA; Tu, Meirong, Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech.,
USA; [2000]; 9p; In English; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy; A01, Microfiche
Presently used photonic packaging methods are labor intensive and often unreliable. Studies have shown laser welding to
be the superior fastening technology but it must be used in combination with a compatible positioning technology. The right combination
of positioning technology and fastening technology which will result in low cost, reliable photonic assemblies is yet to
be developed.
Derived from text
Packaging; Low Cost; Product Development; Laser Welding; Photonics
20000063375 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA
Emissions and performance evaluation of a dedicated compressed natural gas saturn
Hodgson, J. W.; Taylor, J. D.; Jul. 31, 1997; 53p; In English
Report No.(s): DE97-008393; NREL/SR-540-22626; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge
The use of compressed natural gas (CNG) as a transportation fuel has been identified as one strategy that can help ameliorate
some problems, which include a growing dependence on imported oil (and all its ramifications) and the persistent contributions
that mobile sources make to urban air pollution, associated with the use of conventional petroleum fuels. The attributes and limitations
of CNG as a fuel for spark-ignition engines have been presented by others. The attributes are associated with its high octane
rating, low cost relative to other alternative fuels, its availability, the absence of running and diurnal evaporative emissions, and
its demonstrated potential for producing extremely low exhaust emissions-particularly if the volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
emitted are expressed in terms of reactivity adjusted non-methane organic gases (RANMOG). The limitations associated with the
use of CNG include its limited refueling infrastructure, the cost of refueling facilities, the cost of on-board fuel storage tanks, and
its relatively low energy density. Because one impediment to CNG use is the cost associated with producing a CNG- powered
vehicle, a study was initiated at the University of Tennessee under sponsorship by the Saturn Corporation to determine how a CNG
vehicle (specifically, a 1991 Saturn SL1) could be engineered so it could be produced with a minimal impact on the production
of the base vehicle. The present study was undertaken to further investigate the emissions reduction potential of the Saturn CNG
vehicle. In the previous study the role of exhaust gas recirculation was not thoroughly investigated. Those involved in the study