Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports Volume 38 July 28, 2000

a vapor-rich zone, capped by an impermeable layer, that was supplied CO2 from degassing of many small magma bodies that
intruded beneath the mountain over a period of decades or centuries. Earthquakes in 1989 could have fractured the capping layer
and provided pathways for the escape of CO2 to the surface. Alternatively, some of the CO2 could be derived from contact metamorphism
of carbonate rocks intruded by magma. Carbonate-bearing Paleozoic roof pendents crop out in close proximity to Mammoth
Mountain. It is possible that similar rocks could occur at depth beneath Mammoth Mountain, and could have contributed
CO2 from thermal decomposition caused from recent intrusions. We hope to determine the C-13/12 ratio of a suite of samples
to demonstrate if the carbonate rocks could be the source of at least part of the 1990-97 CO2 emission. to better understand the
behavior of the CO2 gas, we have used hyperspectral imagery data of Mammoth Mountain acquired from the Airborne Visual/Infrared
Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) to map out areas of dead trees. The areas of tree kill have increased in size from about
50 acres in 1994 to about 100 acres in 1997. Tree kill is the major surface manifestation of the carbon dioxide flux at Mammoth
Mountain, is widely dispersed, and has been cursorily mapped by regular field mapping techniques in the area. Initial investigations
using airborne digital imagery from the Thematic Mapper Simulator (NS001) and AVIRIS instruments have shown
extremely encouraging results for complete delineation of the vegetation anomalies. The most successful maps (when compared
with ground truth) were developed using AVIRIS data with spectral angle mapper and matched filter algorithms with a data set
that was reduced to maximum variance via the minimum noise fraction transformation. The result of this work is a series of maps
that show the tree kill areas occurring in an halo-pattern surrounding the base of Mammoth Mountain. We are applying these same
techniques to earlier AVIRIS images of Mammoth Mountain to examine the progression of the tree kill areas over time. Temporal
maps of the tree kill areas may assist in constructing a picture of the structure beneath Mammoth Mountain.
Author
Carbon Dioxide Concentration; Deforestation; Volcanology; Remote Sensing; Trees (Plants); Remote Sensors; Infrared Imagery;
Thematic Mapping
20000064549 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA USA
Joint NASA/EPA AVIRIS Analysis in the Chesapeake Bay Region: Plans and Initial Results
Johnson, Lee, NASA Ames Research Center, USA; Stokely, Peter, Environmental Protection Agency, USA; Lobitz, Brad, JCWS,
Inc., USA; Shelton, Gary, NASA Ames Research Center, USA; Summaries of the Seventh JPL Airborne Earth Science Workshop
January 12-16, 1998; Dec. 19, 1998; Volume 1, pp. 223; In English; See also 20000064520; No Copyright; Abstract Only; Available
from CASI only as part of the entire parent document
NASA’s Ames Research Center is performing an AVIRIS demonstration project in conjunction with the U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency (Region 3). NASA and EPA scientists have jointly defined a Study Area in eastern Virginia to include portions
of the Chesapeake Bay, southern Delmarva Peninsula, and the mouths of the York and James Rivers. Several environmental issues
have been identified for study. These include, by priority: 1) water constituent analysis in the Chesapeake Bay, 2) mapping of
submerged aquatic vegetation in the Bay, 3) detection of vegetation stress related to Superfund sites at the Yorktown Naval Weapons
Station, and 4) wetland species analysis in the York River vicinity. In support of this project, three lines of AVIRIS data were
collected during the Wallops Island deployment on 17 August 1997. The remote sensing payload included AVIRIS, MODIS Airborne
Simulator and an RC-10 color infrared film camera. The AVIRIS data were delivered to Ames from the JPL AVIRIS Data
Facility, on 29 September 1997. Quicklook images indicate nominal data acquisition, and at the current time an atmospheric
correction is being applied. Water constituent analysis of the Bay is our highest priority based on EPA interest and available collateral
data, both from the surface and from other remote sensing instruments. Constituents of interest include suspended sediments,
chlorophyll-a and accessory pigments, Analysis steps will include: verification of data quality, location of study sites in imagery,
incorporation of relevant field data from EPA and other Chesapeake Bay cooperators, processing of imagery to show phenomenon
of interest, verification of results with cooperators. by 1st quarter CY98 we plan to circulate initial results to NASA and EPA management
for review. In the longer term we will finalize documentation, prepare results for publication, and complete any needed
technology transfer to EPA remote sensing personnel.
Author
Chesapeake Bay (US); Data Acquisition; Remote Sensing; Wallops Island; Pigments; Water Sampling; Aquatic Plants; Plant
Stress; Wetlands
20000064557 Geological Survey, Denver, CO USA
Environmental Study of the Bonanza Mining District, Colorado Using AVIRIS, Aircraft, Satellite, and Terrain Data
Livo, K. Eric, Geological Survey, USA; Watson, Ken, Geological Survey, USA; Knepper, Dan H., Jr., Geological Survey, USA;
Hummer-Miller, Susanne, Geological Survey, USA; Summaries of the Seventh JPL Airborne Earth Science Workshop January
12-16, 1998; Dec. 19, 1998; Volume 1, pp. 261-267; In English; See also 20000064520; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy;
A04, Microfiche
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