a handbook of the mosquitoes of north america - Systematic Catalog ...

CULICIDAE
found them in nearly all acquatic situations except leafy pools in
densely wooded areas. The adults are present throughout the
season, their numbers largely dependent on the rainfall and
available breeding grounds. They attack at twilight, beginning
earlier on dark days, but do not cause much trouble after dark.
In wooded and grassy areas they will attack if disturbed dur-
ing the daytime but do not pursue their victims with any vigor.
ANOPHELES QUADRIMACULATUS Say
Aszopdze1e.s quadrinmcuht~ts Say, in Keating Narr. Exp. St.
Peters River, 2, 356.’ 1824.
Fenzale. (Frontispiece). Length 5 to 5.5 mm.; wing 5 mm.
Proboscis long, brown. Palpi as long as the proboscis, slender,
dark brown. Antennae almost black. Occiput dark brown, clothed
with numerous narrowly triangular or notched black scales, a white
patch on the vertex. Mesonotum brown, lighter on the sides, with
many pale yellowish hairs, derisest on the median line and at the
sides of the disk. Abdomen as in punctipemis. Wing scales black
and light brown, the black scales forming distinct spots (Fig. 2, Pl.
VIII.) Apex of wing without a coppery spot. Legs slender, black,
the apices of femora and tibiae tipped with yellowish-white.
Male lzypopygitim. (Fig. 2, Pl. IX.) Side-piece as long as wide,
slightly conical, with long and short hairs, scales absent. Internal
spine well developed, arising one-third from apex. Claspers longer
than side-piece, narrowed in the middle. Claspette bilobed, not reach-
ing apex of mesosome; dorsal lobe with two stout spines, fused at
their apices and extending closely approximated to their bases; ven-
tral lobe with two spines, the outer one broader and longer. Meso-
some very long and narrow; leaflets narrow, three pairs, the posterior
pair the largest. Ninth tergite consists of a narrow band of chitin
with two large, slightly clubbed, lateral processes.
Larva. The larva of this species is almost identical with that of
walkeri and can be separated from that species by minute mandibular
characters outlined in the key.
This species occurs from Mexico north throughout the
Mississippi valley to Canada and east to the Atlantic seaboard.
It is the most important carrier of malaria throughout the
eastern, central and southern United States. In many northern
sections, like that of central New York, the species has almost
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