a handbook of the mosquitoes of north america - Systematic Catalog ...

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CULICINI 121 CuCex fletcheri Coyuillett, U.S. Bur. Ent. Tech. Ser. 11, 20. 1906. C&x cyp~iz~s Ludlow, Ins. Ins. Mens. 7, 112. 1920. Female. Length 6-7 mm.; wing 6.5 mm. Proboscis long, brown, with a mixture of yellowish scales on basal half. Occiput brown, with narrow yellowish scales on vertex, broad flat brownish scales on cheeks, and numerous erect, forked, brownish-yellow scales on the nape. Mesonotum dark brown, with a broad median stripe of bronzy- brown scales, the sides, and around the antescutellar space, yellowish scaled, or there may be a blending of the brown and yellow scales. Abdomen entirely covered with dull yellow scales. Wing predominatingly yellow scaled with a sprinkling of black scales. Legs brown scaled, intermixed with yellowish scales; broad white bands at the bases of all the tarsal joints. Male hypopygium (Fig. 2, Pl. XI.) Side-pieces more than twice as long as wide; apical lobe prominent, rounded, with numerous setae, many of them retrorse; basal lobe a large elongate area, slightly elevated at the cephalic border, clothed with numerous setae and a stout recurved spine at the outer cephalic edge accompanied by sev- tral fine long spines. Clasper long, swollen medianly. Claspette with stout, cylindrical stem, setose and with three stout setae on the inner margin near the base; filament long, angularly expanded at the middle. Mesosome long, cylindrical, widely open along the mid-ventral line, closed on the dorsum and at the base. Lobes of the ninth tergite short, narrow, widely separated, and each bears four or five stout spines. Larva. Head wider than long; antenna spined, multiple tuft near the middle ; upper and lower head hairs multiple (upper may be some- times double) ; anteantennal tuft multiple. Lateral abdominal hairs double on the first to sixth segments. Lateral comb of eighth segment of maliy scales in a triangular patch. Anal segment longer than broad, not ringed by the dorsal plate; dorsal brush a long hair and a multiple tuft each side; ventral brush large, with small tufts preceding the barred area to the base. Anal gills as long as the segment, pointed. Air-tube over three times as long as wide, tapering; pecten reaches the middle, the last two teeth detached, followed by a multiple tuft. Cedes flacdcscens is distributed from Ontario westward through the great American prairies, south to the Dakotas and north to Hudson Bay. It also occurs in Alaska, Asia and
122 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA Europe. It breeds in early spring pools and flooded meadows o,f the prairies. There is but one brood a season, the adults liv- ing till late in the season. Wesenberg-Lund records them as vicious pests of horses and cattle in Denmark, though man is not exempt. AEDES RIPARIUS Dyar and Knab Aedes riparizts Dyar and Knab, Jl. N. Y. Ent. Sot., 15, 213. 1907. Female. Length 6 mm. ; wing 4.5 mm. Proboscis black, with brownish scales in the middle. Occiput with brown scales, yellow scales on the median area; erect black scales on the nape; sides and cheeks whitish scaled. Mesonotum with very small golden brown scales, whitish at the sides and on antescutellar space. Abdomen black with basal white bands, the whole more or less intermingled with white scales. Wing scales narrow, dark brown. Femora, tibiae and first tarsal joint largely white scaled; tarsal joints with broad white bands at their bases, the bands broadest on the hind legs; the apical portions black scaled. Male hypopygiwt. (Fig. 6, Pl. XV.) Side-pieces more than twice as long as wide; apical lobe prominent, rounded, with many recurved setae; basal lobe conical, with numerous stout setae, and a stout basal spine surrounded by a tuft of long setae. Claspette stem cylindrical; filament of claspette sickle-shaped, longer than the stem. Clasper long, slightly swollen in the midde. Mesosome cyindrical, not heavily chitinized; tenth sternites prominent with stout recurved tips. Lobes of the ninth tergite short, with about six to eight long setae. This species occurs from Ontario west to Alberta and south to Colorado and Wisconsin. It breeds in the early spring pools on the prairie particularly those near or in small wooded areas. AEDES ABSERRATUS FeltandYoung Cztlex absermtus Felt and Young, Science N. S. 20, 312. 1904. AecCes centrotus Howard, Dyar and Knab. Moq. N. and Cen- tral Amer. and W.I. 4, 747. 1917. Aedes dysanor Dyar, Ins. Ins. Mens. 9, 70. 1921. Female. Length 5 mm.; wing 4 mm. Proboscis black. Occiput black, clothed with narrow, curved, yellowish-white scales and many
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A HANDBOOK OF THE MOSQUITOES OF NOR
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COPYRIGHT 1929 EY CHARLES C THOMAS
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say a terrifying, amount of literat
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CONTENTS Preface . . . . . . Plates
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The Sub-family Culicinae . . . . Ke
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VIII. 1. Wings of Anopheles. 1. A.
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6 7. FIGURES Aedes v
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16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. Dia
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FIGURE I. Aedes vexajzs, female. Ab
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FIGURE 2. Aedes vexans, male.
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6 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA The T
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PLATE II. 6. Lateral view *of thora
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12 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA cord
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--__ --- 14 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AME
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16 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA the
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I_ ’ ,.L7 ’ A,A.T 4,’ .“ i
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FIGURE gA. Larva of Anofiheles pulz
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22 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA thre
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24 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA THE
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26 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA inou
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FIGURE 12. Culex pipiens. Adult fem
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30 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA (Fig
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32 MOSQUITOES OF hToRm AMERICA cont
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34 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA fere
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36 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA neve
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38 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA a si
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40 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA +zct
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42 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA area
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44 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA cave
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46 RELATION TO WELFARE (4) Reductio
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48 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA DISE
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50 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA (No.
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RELATION TO WELFARE 53 the southern
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RELATION TO WELFARE 55 has demonstr
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RELATION TO WELFARE 57 The presence
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CHAPTER IV THE PROBLEM OF MOSQUITO
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MOSQUITO REDUCTION 61 and careful s
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MOSQUITO REDUCTION 63 by drainage s
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9 MOSQUITO REDUCTION 6.5 streams ar
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MOSQUITO REDUCTION 67 periment Stat
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MOSQUITO REDUCTION 69 in oil and an
Page 88 and 89: MOSQUITO REDUCTION 71 Destructiovl
Page 90 and 91: MOSQUITO RJDUCTION 73 plants, by th
Page 92 and 93: MOSQUITO REDUCTION 75 involve the f
Page 94 and 95: them. In the open, they may be obta
Page 96 and 97: COLLECTING AND REARING 79 simplest
Page 98 and 99: COLLECTING AND REARING 81 secures e
Page 100 and 101: CULI( IDAE 83 AA. Eighth segment wi
Page 102 and 103: CULICIDAE 85 3. Claspette not bilob
Page 104 and 105: CULICIDAE found them in nearly all
Page 106 and 107: CULICIDAE Canada and the northern b
Page 108 and 109: CULICIDAE This species ranges from
Page 110 and 111: CHAPTER VII THE TRIBE CULICINI The
Page 112 and 113: CULICINI 95 6. Air-tube with a sing
Page 114 and 115: 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.
Page 116 and 117: 31. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. CULICIS
Page 118 and 119: 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. CUL
Page 120 and 121: CU1~1,1N1 103 36. Filament of clasp
Page 122 and 123: 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29.
Page 124 and 125: CULICINI 107 Male hypopygizm. (Fig.
Page 126 and 127: CULICINI 109 Larva. (Fig. 3, Pl. XX
Page 128 and 129: CULICINI 111 usually occurs in late
Page 130 and 131: CULICINI 113 Aedes eudes Howard, Dy
Page 132 and 133: CULICINI 115 black and yellowish sc
Page 134 and 135: CULICINI 117 anteantennal tuft long
Page 136 and 137: wide ; pecten reaching ple, situate
Page 140 and 141: CULICINI 123 yellowish, narrow, ere
Page 142 and 143: the tube tube. CULICINI 125 ; tuft
Page 144 and 145: CULICIliI 127 cheeks with broad, fl
Page 146 and 147: CULICINI 129 margin and a smaller o
Page 148 and 149: CULICINI 131 where favorable water
Page 150 and 151: CULICINI dorsum and at the base, on
Page 152 and 153: CULICINI 13.5 the dorsum. Lobes of
Page 154 and 155: CULICINI 137 ment with a basal whit
Page 156 and 157: CULICINI 139 Male hypopygium. (Fig.
Page 158 and 159: CULICINI 141 anterior margin follow
Page 160 and 161: CUL1C1N1 143 upper dorsal head hair
Page 162 and 163: CULICINI 145 FernaLe. Length 4.5 mm
Page 164 and 165: CULICINI 147 scales; pleura with pa
Page 166 and 167: CULICINI 149 pale yellow scales med
Page 168 and 169: CULICINI 151 FenzaZe. Length 5.5 mm
Page 170 and 171: CULICINI ter is passed in the egg s
Page 172 and 173: CULICINI 155 out one-third, followe
Page 174 and 175: CULICINI 157 adults are blood thirs
Page 176 and 177: CULICINI 159 tz~ Dyar (of doubtful
Page 178 and 179: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. ted before the ap
Page 180 and 181: CULICINI 163 Culex saxatilis Grossb
Page 182 and 183: CULICINI 165 prominent processes-th
Page 184 and 185: CULlCINI 167 ciqut dark brown, clot
Page 186 and 187: CULICINI 169 LUJ-ZU. Head subquadra
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CULICINI 171 painful biters and the
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CUWCINI 173 golden scales, black fl
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CULICI~I 17.5 Czt$/e.x i&biktor occ
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CULICINI 177 Air-tube five times as
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CULICINI 179 Larvae 1. Air-tube wit
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CULICINI 181 spots or ill defined r
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CULICINI 183 Lateral comb of the ei
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CULICINI 18.5 adults are not persis
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CULICINI 187 GENUS PSOROPHORA Psoro
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CULICINI 189 4. Upper and Lower hea
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CULICINI 191 and pupal life is shor
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CULICINI as to form no distinct pat
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CULICIKI 195 blackish scales and br
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CULICINI 197 brown with silvery hai
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CULICINI 199 Mesosome a stout, heav
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CULICINI 201 Fellzale. Length 3 mm.
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CULICINI 203 This genus is of wide
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CULICINI 205 and violet scales, the
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CULICINI 207 This species is widely
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REFERENCES 209 Knowles, R., and Sen
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PLATE III. I. View across a marsh a
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PLATE V. 5. A deep woodland pool in
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I PLATE VIII. Wings of Anopheles: I
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PL~ITE X. Hypopygia of Aedes. I. A.
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PLATE XIII. Hypopygia of Aedes. I.
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PLATE XV. Hypopygia of Aedes. I. A.
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PLATE XWa. Hypopygia of Culex. I. C
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PLATE XVIII. Hypopygia. I. Psovopho
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PLATE XX. Larvae of mosquitoes. 17
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PLATE XXII. Larvae of mosquitoes. I
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:_ \. ‘. ._I PLATE XXIV, Ill us t
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INDEX
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264 INDEX C taco tlzius, 158 cnllit
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266 IiYDEX maculipennis, 41, 52, St
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268 INDEX tcmzinalis, 192 territans
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