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CULICINI 113 Aedes eudes Howard, Dyar and Knab, Mosq. North and Cent. Amer. and W.I. 4, 714. 1917. Aedes aloponotzm Dyar, Ins. Ins. Mens. 5, 98. 1917. Fe~~ale. Length 5.5-6 mm.; wing 5 mm. Proboscis slender, black. Occiput blackish, clothed with appressed, narrow, curved white scales in the middle and diffused brownish scales laterally; many slender, erect, slightly forked, black scales on the nape; cheeks with many flat scales and a small quadrate patch of black ones behind the middle of the eye. Mesonotum brown, densely clothed with narrow curved scales, a broad median stripe of bronzy-brown ones, the anterior margin, sides and antescutellar space with yellowish- white ones. Abdomen black with broad basal segmental bands of yellowish-white scales; venter white scaled, the median area with some black scales. Wing scales black, intermixed with pale ones, the black ones predominating. Legs black; femora and tibiae with whitish and black scales intermixed; tarsi black, each joint of hind legs with a broad basal band of yellowish-white scales; on the front and middle legs the basal white bands are narrow and nearly obsolete on the last segment. Male hypofygiunz. (Fig. 3, PI. X.) Side-pieces over twice as long as wide; apical lobe broadly rounded, prominent and clothed with short, anteriorly curved setae ; basal lobe extends from the base of apical lobe to apex of tenth sternite as a rather broad roughened area, clothed with numerous small setae arising from tubercular bases. Clasper long, slender, slightly enlarged near the middle. Claspette long, slender cylindrical and bears at its apex an articu- ated filament, angularly expanded near its base. Mesosome consists of a hollow chitinous cylinder, the chitin forming a complete ring at the base, open along the ventral median line but closed on the dorsal face. Lobes of the ninth tergites prominent, each bearing a num- ber of stout spines. Larva. (Fig. 5, pl. XIX.) Length 8-9 mm. Head wider than long. Antenna cylindrical, tapered beyond the tuft, spined all over with rather coarse spines; tuft before the middle. Both pairs of dorsal head hairs double. Anteantennal tuft multiple. Abdomen stout, the lateral hairs on the first and second segments usually double, single on the third to the sixth; a pair of long sub-dorsal hairs on the third, fourth and fifth segments; a pair of long sub-ventral hairs on the third to fifth segments. Eighth segment with a lateral comb of many scales in a triangular patch. Anal segment about twice as long as wide; dorsal plate extends well to the mid-ventral
114 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA line, a single, rather long hair on ventral-posterior angle; dorsal brush consists of a long hair and a tuft on either side; ventral brush well developed with small tufts preceding the barred area to near the base. The air-tube slender, four times as long as wide; pecten not reaching the middle of the tube, the last two or three teeth larger and detached; tuft large, beyond the pecten. This is a very widely distributed species. It occurs through- out the northern United States extending southward along the mountain ranges, Canada, North Europe and North Asia. It breeds in situations quite similar to those of A. stiwzulans though its preference seems to be swamps and grassy marshes flooded during the early spring. The adults appear usually somewhat earlier than A. stiwm~aans and have similar habits, living till late in the season and attacking at all times during the day in the shade and wooded areas. There is but one brood a season. The eggs are laid during the summer, hatching the following spring. I have reared a single adult from a larvae on September 29. This is the only known record of this species breeding late in the season. AEDES FITCHII Felt and Young CuCex @c/G Felt and Young. Science, N.S. 20, 312. 1904. Aedes jvh&is Dyar, Ins. Ins. Mens. 4, 89. 1916. Aedes fialustris var. pricei Dyar, Ins. Ins. Mens. 5, 16. 1917. Aedes nzivttesis Dyar, Ins. Ins. Mens. 5, 116. 1917. Female. Length 5 mm.; wing 4.5 mm. Proboscis slender, brownish-black. Occiput brownish-black, clothed with narrow, curving, appressed whitish scales, somewhat brownish laterally, and many slender, erect, forked black scales on the nape; cheeks with broad, flat white scales and a small squarish patch of black ones behind the middle of eye. Mesonotum dark brown, densely clothed with narrow, curving scales-a broad median band of yellowish brown ones, the anterior edge, the sides of the disk and the antescutellar area with yellowish-white to white ones ; sides of disks with many brown scales mixed with the white ones. Abdomen black; each segment with a broad basal band of white scales and a few white ones at apex; venter entirely pale scaled. Wings with black and white scales, about evenly mixed. Legs black; femora and tibiae with
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A HANDBOOK OF THE MOSQUITOES OF NOR
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COPYRIGHT 1929 EY CHARLES C THOMAS
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say a terrifying, amount of literat
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CONTENTS Preface . . . . . . Plates
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The Sub-family Culicinae . . . . Ke
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VIII. 1. Wings of Anopheles. 1. A.
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6 7. FIGURES Aedes v
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16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. Dia
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FIGURE I. Aedes vexajzs, female. Ab
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FIGURE 2. Aedes vexans, male.
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6 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA The T
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PLATE II. 6. Lateral view *of thora
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12 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA cord
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--__ --- 14 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AME
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16 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA the
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I_ ’ ,.L7 ’ A,A.T 4,’ .“ i
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FIGURE gA. Larva of Anofiheles pulz
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22 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA thre
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24 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA THE
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26 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA inou
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FIGURE 12. Culex pipiens. Adult fem
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30 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA (Fig
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32 MOSQUITOES OF hToRm AMERICA cont
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34 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA fere
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36 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA neve
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38 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA a si
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40 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA +zct
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42 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA area
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44 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA cave
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46 RELATION TO WELFARE (4) Reductio
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48 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA DISE
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50 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA (No.
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RELATION TO WELFARE 53 the southern
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RELATION TO WELFARE 55 has demonstr
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RELATION TO WELFARE 57 The presence
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CHAPTER IV THE PROBLEM OF MOSQUITO
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MOSQUITO REDUCTION 61 and careful s
Page 80 and 81: MOSQUITO REDUCTION 63 by drainage s
Page 82 and 83: 9 MOSQUITO REDUCTION 6.5 streams ar
Page 84 and 85: MOSQUITO REDUCTION 67 periment Stat
Page 86 and 87: MOSQUITO REDUCTION 69 in oil and an
Page 88 and 89: MOSQUITO REDUCTION 71 Destructiovl
Page 90 and 91: MOSQUITO RJDUCTION 73 plants, by th
Page 92 and 93: MOSQUITO REDUCTION 75 involve the f
Page 94 and 95: them. In the open, they may be obta
Page 96 and 97: COLLECTING AND REARING 79 simplest
Page 98 and 99: COLLECTING AND REARING 81 secures e
Page 100 and 101: CULI( IDAE 83 AA. Eighth segment wi
Page 102 and 103: CULICIDAE 85 3. Claspette not bilob
Page 104 and 105: CULICIDAE found them in nearly all
Page 106 and 107: CULICIDAE Canada and the northern b
Page 108 and 109: CULICIDAE This species ranges from
Page 110 and 111: CHAPTER VII THE TRIBE CULICINI The
Page 112 and 113: CULICINI 95 6. Air-tube with a sing
Page 114 and 115: 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.
Page 116 and 117: 31. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. CULICIS
Page 118 and 119: 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. CUL
Page 120 and 121: CU1~1,1N1 103 36. Filament of clasp
Page 122 and 123: 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29.
Page 124 and 125: CULICINI 107 Male hypopygizm. (Fig.
Page 126 and 127: CULICINI 109 Larva. (Fig. 3, Pl. XX
Page 128 and 129: CULICINI 111 usually occurs in late
Page 132 and 133: CULICINI 115 black and yellowish sc
Page 134 and 135: CULICINI 117 anteantennal tuft long
Page 136 and 137: wide ; pecten reaching ple, situate
Page 138 and 139: CULICINI 121 CuCex fletcheri Coyuil
Page 140 and 141: CULICINI 123 yellowish, narrow, ere
Page 142 and 143: the tube tube. CULICINI 125 ; tuft
Page 144 and 145: CULICIliI 127 cheeks with broad, fl
Page 146 and 147: CULICINI 129 margin and a smaller o
Page 148 and 149: CULICINI 131 where favorable water
Page 150 and 151: CULICINI dorsum and at the base, on
Page 152 and 153: CULICINI 13.5 the dorsum. Lobes of
Page 154 and 155: CULICINI 137 ment with a basal whit
Page 156 and 157: CULICINI 139 Male hypopygium. (Fig.
Page 158 and 159: CULICINI 141 anterior margin follow
Page 160 and 161: CUL1C1N1 143 upper dorsal head hair
Page 162 and 163: CULICINI 145 FernaLe. Length 4.5 mm
Page 164 and 165: CULICINI 147 scales; pleura with pa
Page 166 and 167: CULICINI 149 pale yellow scales med
Page 168 and 169: CULICINI 151 FenzaZe. Length 5.5 mm
Page 170 and 171: CULICINI ter is passed in the egg s
Page 172 and 173: CULICINI 155 out one-third, followe
Page 174 and 175: CULICINI 157 adults are blood thirs
Page 176 and 177: CULICINI 159 tz~ Dyar (of doubtful
Page 178 and 179: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. ted before the ap
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CULICINI 163 Culex saxatilis Grossb
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CULICINI 165 prominent processes-th
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CULlCINI 167 ciqut dark brown, clot
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CULICINI 169 LUJ-ZU. Head subquadra
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CULICINI 171 painful biters and the
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CUWCINI 173 golden scales, black fl
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CULICI~I 17.5 Czt$/e.x i&biktor occ
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CULICINI 177 Air-tube five times as
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CULICINI 179 Larvae 1. Air-tube wit
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CULICINI 181 spots or ill defined r
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CULICINI 183 Lateral comb of the ei
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CULICINI 18.5 adults are not persis
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CULICINI 187 GENUS PSOROPHORA Psoro
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CULICINI 189 4. Upper and Lower hea
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CULICINI 191 and pupal life is shor
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CULICINI as to form no distinct pat
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CULICIKI 195 blackish scales and br
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CULICINI 197 brown with silvery hai
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CULICINI 199 Mesosome a stout, heav
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CULICINI 201 Fellzale. Length 3 mm.
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CULICINI 203 This genus is of wide
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CULICINI 205 and violet scales, the
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CULICINI 207 This species is widely
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REFERENCES 209 Knowles, R., and Sen
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PLATE III. I. View across a marsh a
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PLATE V. 5. A deep woodland pool in
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I PLATE VIII. Wings of Anopheles: I
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PL~ITE X. Hypopygia of Aedes. I. A.
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PLATE XIII. Hypopygia of Aedes. I.
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PLATE XV. Hypopygia of Aedes. I. A.
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PLATE XWa. Hypopygia of Culex. I. C
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PLATE XVIII. Hypopygia. I. Psovopho
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PLATE XX. Larvae of mosquitoes. 17
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PLATE XXII. Larvae of mosquitoes. I
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:_ \. ‘. ._I PLATE XXIV, Ill us t
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INDEX
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264 INDEX C taco tlzius, 158 cnllit
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266 IiYDEX maculipennis, 41, 52, St
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268 INDEX tcmzinalis, 192 territans
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