a handbook of the mosquitoes of north america - Systematic Catalog ...

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14 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA
The Euparal will clear and at the same time give a beautiful
permanent mount. Undue pressure on the hypopygium may be
avoided by using a small coverglass or small pieces of ground
glass may be placed in the mounting medium before placing
the coverglass. If Euparal cannot be obtained clear in carbo-
xylene and mount in Canada balsam.
THE HYPOPYGIUM, MALE
In order to understand the parts and their terminology a
typical hypopygium is figured and labeled (Fig. 6). As the
terminal segments undergo a torsion of 180” shortly after the
emergence of the male it is essential to remember that ventral
becomes dorsal and ‘ofice 1zw.m. The terms lower and upper will
be used in their ordinary sense but all morphological terms as
ventral and dorsal and the names of sclerites will be used with
their correct morphological meaning.
Typically the hypopygium begins with the ninth segment.
This consists of a complete chitinous ring. The tergite ap-
pears on the lower surface and arising from it are two lobes
(lobes of the ninth tergite) which bear stout spines. The
sternite appears as a broad chitinous expansion on the upper
side connected with the tergite by narrow pleurae. From
within the ring formed by the ninth segment there arises from
the ventro-lateral margin a large pair of forcep-like appen-
dages. The basal segments are called the side-jGxc.s. (S.P. ) .
Each side-piece consists of a hollow, more or less cylindrical
organ with a narrow opening along its inner face. The dor-
sal portion of the side-piece bears two prominent lobes, the
basal lobe (B.L.) and the apical lobe (A.L). The basal lobe
is crowned with short setae and a stout spine. The apical lobe
bears short setae. Arising from the apex of each side-piece
is a long, stout, chitinized appendage-the clasper (C.L. ) .
The clasper is articulated at the outer end of the side-piece be-
tween its upper and lower halves. Each clasper ends in a stout
spine or claw (C).