Sugarcane ethanol: Contributions to climate change - BAFF

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Chapter 10 measures should enable especially the poor to be able to participate in the economy, and therefore for the poor countries to generate income within a world market. Acknowledgements We consulted the following experts: Patt Westho� (FAPRI), Josef Schmidhuber (FAO), Loek Boonekamp (OECD), Ron Trostle (ERS/USDA), Pavel Vavra (OECD), Willie Meyers (FAPRI) and Pierre Charlebois (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada). Furthermore, we bene�ted greatly from insights and the discussions during the World Agricultural Outlook Conference, organized by ERS/USDA Washington DC, May, 14-15, 2008 and the Modeling Workshop on Biofuel, May, 16 organized by Farm Foundation and ERS/USDA Washington DC. References Banse, M., H. van Meijl, A. Tabeau and G. Woltjer, 2008a. Will EU Biofuel Policies a�ect Global Agricultural Markets? European Review of Agricultural Economics, 35: 117-141. Banse, M., H. van Meijl and G. Woltjer, 2008b. �e Impact of First Generation Biofuels on Global Agricultural Production, Trade and Land Use. Paper presented at the 12th EAAE Conference. 26-29 August 2008, Gent, Belgium. Licht, F.O., 2007. Licht Interactive Data. Available at: http://statistics.fo-licht.com/. Accessed 20/04/2007. Leibtag, E., 2008. Corn Prices Near Record High, But What About Food Costs? Amber Waves. International Monetary Fund (IMF), 2008. International �nancial statistics. Available at: http://www. imfstatistics.org/imf/. Accessed 18/04/2008. Nowicki, P., H. van Meijl, A. Knierim, M. Banse, J. Helming, O. Margraf, B. Matzdorf, R. Mnatsakanian, M. Reutter, I. Terluin, K. Overmars, D. Verhoog, C. Weeger and H. Westhoek, 2006. Scenar 2020 - Scenario study on agriculture and the rural world. Contract No. 30 - CE - 0040087/00-08. European Commission, Directorate-General, Belgium. OECD-FAO, 2008. Agricultural Outlook 2008-2017. Paris, France. Pardey, P.G., N. Beintema, S. Dehmer and S. Wood, 2006. Agricultural research: a growing global divide, IFPRI, Washington, USA. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/089629529X. Schmidhuber, J., 2007. Biofuels: An Emerging �reat to Europe’s Food Security? Impact of an Increased Biomass Use on Agricultural Markets, Prices and Food Security: A Longer-term Perspective. Available at: www.notre-europe.eu. Trostle, R., 2008. Global Agricultural Supply and Demand: Factors Contributing to the Recent Increase in Food Commodity Prices. ERS/USDA. WRS-0801. United States Department on Agriculture (USDA), 2008. PSD view database. Available at: http://www.fas. usda.gov/psdonline/. Accessed 21/05/2008. United States Department on Agriculture (USDA), 2008. USDA Agricultural Projections to 2017. Long-term Projections Report. OCE-2008-1. February 2008. Washington D.C. 246 Sugarcane ethanol
Why are current food prices so high? Van Meijl, H., T.J. Achterbosch, A.J. de Kleijn, A.A. Tabeau and M. Kornelis, 2003. Prijzen op agrarische wereldmarkten; Een verkenning van projecties [Agricultural world market prices; an explorative study to projections]. Agricultural Economics Research Institute, Rapport 8.03.06. Von Braun, J., A. Ahmed, K. Asenso-Okyere, S. Fan, A. Gulati, J. Hoddinott, R. Pandya-Lorch, M.W. Rosegrant, M. Ruel, M. Torero, T. van Rheenen and K. von Grebmer, 2008. High Food Prices: �e What, Who, and How of Proposed Policy Actions. IFPRI Policy Brief, Washington, USA. World Bank, 2008. World Bank data base. Available at: http://web.worldbank.org/ Accessed 18/04/2008. World Bank, 2008. World Development Report 2008: Agriculture for Development. Washington DC. Sugarcane ethanol 247
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Sugarcane ethanol Contributions to
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Table of contents Foreword 11 José
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Chapter 8 �e global impacts of US
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Foreword �e use of biofuels as a
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Executive summary Do biofuels help
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Executive summary 12. Projections o
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Chapter 1 Introduction to sugarcane
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Introduction to sugarcane ethanol A
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Introduction to sugarcane ethanol C
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Introduction to sugarcane ethanol F
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Introduction to sugarcane ethanol H
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Chapter 2 Production (million tons)
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Chapter 2 Table 2. Sugarcane produc
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Chapter 2 Harvested area (million h
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Chapter 2 million hectares 8 7 6 5
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Chapter 2 Table 5. Global significa
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Chapter 2 (FAOSTAT, 2008). �e lan
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Chapter 2 indicating that sugarcane
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Chapter 2 and vinasse produced duri
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Chapter 2 • • • • Harvested
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Chapter 2 2.2. AEZ assessment of la
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Chapter 2 The quantified descriptio
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Chapter 2 Table 8 summarizes by reg
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Chapter 2 Table 9. Suitability of u
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Chapter 2 Table 10. Suitability of
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Chapter 2 of bio-diversity and land
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Chapter 2 FAO, 1987. 1948-1985 Worl
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Chapter 2 Smeets, E., M. Junginger,
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Chapter 3 Considering that this deb
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Chapter 3 1,000 ha 9,000 8,000 7,00
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Chapter 3 Another source of data on
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Chapter 3 Figure 3. Different land
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Chapter 3 1-Pastureand crops expans
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Chapter 3 Given that the model is u
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Chapter 3 to the case studies; (d)
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Chapter 3 Mato Grosso do Sul in 200
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Chapter 3 the Pasture class increas
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Chapter 3 Table 5. Number of sugarc
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Chapter 3 of 12.6% from 2001 to 200
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Chapter 3 Table 6. South-Centre: ex
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Chapter 3 4.5. Options for approach
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Chapter 3 states that have lost pas
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Chapter 3 It is important to contex
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Chapter 4 Mitigation of GHG emissio
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Table 1. Basic data: sugarcane prod
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Mitigation of GHG emissions using s
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GHG emission (kg CO 2 eq/m 3 etOH)
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Table 7. Soil carbon content for di
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5. Conclusions Mitigation of GHG em
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Chapter 5 Oil reserves - Gasoline/d
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Chapter 5 in research and developme
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Chapter 5 Table 3. Summary of main
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Chapter 5 3. Environmental indicato
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Chapter 5 Table 4. Carbon stock in
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Chapter 5 3.2. Water Total carbon i
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Chapter 5 3.3. Soil and fertilizers
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Chapter 5 3.4. Management of diseas
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Chapter 5 Table 10. Sugarcane and v
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Chapter 5 in the implementation of
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Chapter 5 Table 11. Continued. Crit
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Chapter 5 Brazilian Government. Lei
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Chapter 5 São Paulo State Governme
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Chapter 6 2. Development of the eth
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Chapter 6 blends by car manufacture
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Chapter 6 Brazil have been roughly
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Chapter 6 Overall there are few di
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Chapter 6 3.2.1. The impact of exis
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Chapter 6 �e use of ethanol in he
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Chapter 6 cropping systems that pro
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Chapter 6 certainty, the supply of
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Chapter 6 De Vries, B.J.M., D.P. va
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Chapter 7 Biofuel conversion techno
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Biofuel conversion technologies �
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Biofuel conversion technologies In
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Biofuel conversion technologies the
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Biofuel conversion technologies Imp
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Biofuel conversion technologies Pro
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Investment costs (Euro/kWth input c
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4.2. Greenhouse gas balances Biofue
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Reduction in CO equivalent emission
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Biofuel conversion technologies �
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Biofuel conversion technologies pot
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Chapter 8 The global impacts of US
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The global impacts of US and EU bio
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Table 1. Change in output due to EU
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Page 191 and 192: Forest cover Pasture cover USEU 201
Page 193: The global impacts of US and EU bio
Page 196 and 197: Chapter 9 also risks and serious tr
Page 198 and 199: Chapter 9 Box 2. Bioethanol stoves
Page 200 and 201: Chapter 9 �e highest impact on po
Page 202 and 203: Chapter 9 the increased generation
Page 204 and 205: Chapter 9 o�ers to support the MD
Page 206 and 207: Chapter 9 Price variation (%) 14 12
Page 208 and 209: Chapter 9 Dufey et al., 2007a). Leg
Page 210 and 211: Chapter 9 manufactured directly fro
Page 212 and 213: Chapter 9 in mechanical aid for the
Page 214 and 215: Chapter 9 Table 1. Import tariffs o
Page 216 and 217: Chapter 9 3.8. Improving efficiency
Page 218 and 219: Chapter 9 some minimum transport in
Page 220 and 221: Chapter 9 IEA, 2004. Biofuels for T
Page 223 and 224: Chapter 10 Why are current food pri
Page 225 and 226: Why are current food prices so high
Page 227 and 228: 2.4 Long-term drivers of supply Why
Page 229 and 230: 3.1. Effects on the supply side Why
Page 231 and 232: 3.3 Policy responses to rising food
Page 233 and 234: 3.4. Other effects • Why are curr
Page 235 and 236: - - - - Why are current food prices
Page 237 and 238: 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 5. The fut
Page 239 and 240: • • • Why are current food pr
Page 241: 6.1. Policy implications Why are cu
Page 247 and 248: Authors Dr. Marcos Adami, senior re
Page 249 and 250: Keyword index A Africa 204, 205, 20
Page 251: M maize 20, 83, 104, 173, 184, 187,
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