ComputerAided_Design_Engineering_amp_Manufactur.pdf

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TABLE 5.3 Part Data Internal Representation (PDIR) for Part Shown in Figure 5.18 Global (General) Data 1 Test part 2 3 3 220965 4 Mild steel 5 MS-BHEL04 6 200BHN 7 2 8 Jasthi 9 NClab 10 100393 Depending upon the machining domain, the pockets assume different shapes. The scope of GIFTS is limited to rotational parts and the shapes of the pockets generated in rotational machining are shown in Figure 5.21. When the precise representation of the geometry of a pocket is not possible, a symbolic representation (threading, knurling, etc. operations) is employed. Parameters (Geometric � Intrafeature) Information 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 B 00 0.00 0.00 125.00 25.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 E 12 3.00 0.00 3.00 20.50 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 E 15 3.00 20.50 5.00 22.50 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 E 10 5.00 22.50 55.00 22.50 0.00 0 0.80 0.50 �0.20 0.01 0.00 0.00 4 E 12 55.00 22.50 55.00 17.50 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 E 16 55.00 17.50 58.00 17.50 3.00 0 0.00 0.54 �0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 E 11 58.00 17.50 93.00 15.00 0.00 0 12.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.00 7 E 12 93.00 15.00 93.00 10.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 E 16 93.00 10.00 95.00 10.00 2.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 E 17 95.00 10.00 120.00 10.00 1.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 E 15 120.00 10.00 122.00 8.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11 E 12 122.00 8.00 122.00 0.00 0.00 0 12.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 L 20 3.00 10.00 13.00 10.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13 L 22 13.00 10.00 13.00 5.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14 L 20 13.00 5.00 25.50 5.00 L 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 H 4 1 1 0.2 �0.5 5 H 7 2 1 0.3 �0.0 1 H 13 1 1 0.1 �0.1 1 H 7 1 1 0.1 �0.1 1 T 3 0 0 0.1 Interfeature Information Along with pocket geometry, other parameters such as the machining operation, cutting tool, process parameters, etc. need to be included in PPIR for the complete description of the process plan: (a) Machining operation: The geometric shape of a pocket alone is not sufficient since different machining operations can produce the same shape. It is neccessary to tag the machining operation to a pocket. In GIFTS, all machining operations used in rotational machining are listed and labeled as “TURN,” “GROOVE,” “BORE,” etc.
TABLE 5.4 Data Structure for Representing the Machine Tools S. No. Name Type Width Dec Description 1 MAC_CODE C 12 The machine code number as used in BHEL. 2 TYPE C 3 Machine tool type. BH—Horizontal boring machine, LC—Center lathe, MH—Horizontal milling machine, PL—Planer, MV—Vertical milling machine, PM—Plano miller, DR—Radial drilling machine, DH—Deep hole drilling, SK—Key way milling machine BV—Vertical borer, F&C—Facing and centering NMV—CNC mill vertical, LCT—Combination turret lathe, SL—Slotting, GCL—Cylindrical grinding NCL—CNC Lathe. 3 MAC_DESC C 40 Description of the machine tool. 4 STATUS C 1 Status of the machine tool. A—Available, B—Breakdown, R—Reserved. 5 LENGTH N 5 Maximum length of the part in mm that can be accommodated in the machine tool. Length between centers for lathes and cylindrical grinders, or maximum table movement in X-direction for mills. Stroke in case of planers and slotters. 6 SWING N 5 Swing over carriage for lathes and cylindrical grinders, or maximum table movement in Y-direction for mills. For slotters and planers it is the cross travel dimension. 7 HEIGHT N 5 Maximum height of the part in mm that can be accommodated in the machine tool. For lathes it is swing over carriage. Will not be used for cylindrical grinders, but maximum table movement in Z-direction for mills. 8 POWER N 6 2 The power available at the spindle in kW. 9 SPIN_HOLE N 5 1 The size of hole through the spindle in mm. 10 SPIN_TAPER N 3 The taper in the spindle in terms of Morse taper or ISO. 11 SPEEDSN 3 The maximum number of speeds available in the machine tool. 12 MAX_SPEED N 7 1 Maximum speed available in the machine tool, RPM. 13 MIN_SPEED N 6 1 Minimum speed available in the m/c tool, rpm. 14 FEEDS N 3 Maximum number of feeds available in the machine tool. 15 MAX_FEED N 6 3 Maximum feed available in the m/c tool, mm/rev. 16 MIN_FEED N 6 3 Minimum feed available in the m/c tool, mm/rev. 17 THREAD N 6 2 Maximum thread making capacity for lathes in mm (lead or pitch). 18 BAR_SIZE N 5 1 Maximum size of the bar that can go through the spindle. 19 COOLANT C 1 Coolant capability available in the m/c tool in the form of a code. M—Mist, F—Flooding, A—Air O—Mineral oil, W—Water soluble oil, K—Kerosene 20 ACCURACY C 4 The accuracy achievable with the m/c tool in terms of tolerance grade. 21 FINISH N 5 2 The finest surface finish achievable in RMS microns. 22 MIN_SHANK N 4 Minimum size (shank diameter or size) as representative of tool capacity. 23 MAX_SHANK N 4 Maximum size (shank diameter or size) as representative of tool capacity. 24 PUR_DATE N 4 The actual year of purchase of the machine tool. 25 COST N 10 The purchase cost of the machine tool. 26 MANFACTUR C 20 <strong>Manufactur</strong>er of the machine. 27 ACC1 C 4 Accessory available with the machine tool as a code (pointer). 28 ACC2 C 4 Accessory available with the machine tool as a code (pointer).
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COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN, ENGINEERING,
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-P
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Editor Cornelius T. Leondes, B.S.,
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Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapt
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the implementation of the IPD syste
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In our IPD system implementations,
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2. Specification of analysis-specif
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FIGURE 1.2 base or the design insta
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FIGURE 1.4 System architecture of t
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of a beam is considered for FEA. Th
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FIGURE 1.7 through the control expe
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2. machining facility (e.g., gang m
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from the FBDS. The user also specif
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Depending on the type of feature to
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TABLE 1.6 Tolerance synthesis is de
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FIGURE 1.12 Display of the NC tool
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component geometric entities and va
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FIGURE 1.14 The system architecture
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TABLE 1.10 User Input for the Toler
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TABLE 1.11 Tolerance Specifications
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7. Z. Young and I. R. Groose. A rul
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FIGURE 2.1 Tool paths generated for
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FIGURE 2.2 sented by instances of f
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TABLE 2.1 A CAD-Generated Hole Conf
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FIGURE 2.6 mounted on the rotary ta
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FIGURE 2.8 fixture for the machinin
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FIGURE 2.10 or best-fit, or the cur
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FIGURE 2.11 Linear approximation of
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FIGURE 2.13 Circular approximation
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FIGURE 2.14(b) Circular approximati
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FIGURE 2.16 Types of biarcs. FIGURE
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FIGURE 2.18 Approximation of scanne
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FIGURE 2.20 A touch trigger probe c
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TABLE 2.4 Substitute Elements in CM
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FIGURE 2.21 CMM planning requiremen
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Product Model Representation for Co
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© 2001 by CRC Press LLC TABLE 2.5
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TABLE 2.7 Partial Listing of Dimens
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24. Makinouchi, S., Okamoto, M., an
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Bijan Shirinzadeh Monash University
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FIGURE 3.1 Trends in flexible manuf
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FIGURE 3.3 and constrain different
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Other Fixturing Techniques There ar
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FIGURE 3.6 contact point. The geome
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FIGURE 3.8 The vertical support fix
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and moments about the contact point
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een identified, the normals are use
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one of choosing the variables: such
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Fixture Module Location An importan
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FIGURE 3.15 Illustration of functio
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FIGURE 3.18 Minimum separation test
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direction) the face, respectively.
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FIGURE 3.21 Software structure for
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3.8 Conclusion A reconfigurable fix
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Heui Jae Pahk Seoul National Univer
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FIGURE 4.1(b) Conceptual framework
Page 113 and 114: 4.3 Measurement Points Sampling and
Page 115 and 116: Surface S2 Measurement Path FIGURE
Page 117 and 118: FIGURE 4.4 Rough phase alignment ba
Page 119 and 120: deviation between the nominal CAD d
Page 121 and 122: FIGURE 4.6(a) Sum of squares distan
Page 123 and 124: FIGURE 4.7(c) Trailing edge. (c) th
Page 125 and 126: FIGURE 4.8(a) Profile tolerance of
Page 127 and 128: The calculated minimum form error i
Page 129 and 130: FIGURE 4.11(a) A typical mold havin
Page 131 and 132: FIGURE 4.11(d) Inspection results f
Page 133 and 134: FIGURE 4.12(c) Maximum deviation (p
Page 135 and 136: 5.1 Introduction Developments in th
Page 137 and 138: process plan for a part (Figure 5.3
Page 139 and 140: FIGURE 5.5 leading to the developme
Page 141 and 142: the previously stored process plan
Page 143 and 144: FIGURE 5.7 Techniques of defining a
Page 145 and 146: Feature Recognition and Extraction
Page 147 and 148: in relation to another feature (e.g
Page 149 and 150: FIGURE 5.9 Framework for building a
Page 151 and 152: FIGURE 5.10 Process plan content.
Page 153 and 154: FIGURE 5.12 Schematic sketch of the
Page 155 and 156: Several techniques of defining a fe
Page 157 and 158: TABLE 5.1 Data Structure for Repres
Page 159 and 160: FIGURE 5.16 Classification of the t
Page 161 and 162: system to ensure that the part bein
Page 163: FIGURE 5.19 Graphical model of the
Page 167 and 168: FIGURE 5.20 Mapping between machini
Page 169 and 170: algorithms. (Some details of the pr
Page 171 and 172: FIGURE 5.24 An example rotational p
Page 173 and 174: FIGURE 5.26 Down_face-turn-up_face
Page 175 and 176: FIGURE 5.27 Procedure for machine t
Page 177 and 178: FIGURE 5.28 Determining the number
Page 179 and 180: DL is needed to be set only if the
Page 181 and 182: FIGURE 5.31 Operation sequencing co
Page 183 and 184: Cutting Tool Selection Selection of
Page 185 and 186: 1. A tool is searched for in the da
Page 187 and 188: FIGURE 5.32 Inputs to optimization
Page 189 and 190: When these values are substituted,
Page 191 and 192: Usually, maximum and minimum speed
Page 193 and 194: FIGURE 5.33 Solution methodology.
Page 195 and 196: TABLE 5.6 Process Plan Internal Rep
Page 197 and 198: In a strict theoretical perspective
Page 199 and 200: 18. Domazet, D. S. and Lu, S. C. Y,
Page 201 and 202: 63. Prasad, A. V. S. R. K., Rao, P.
Page 203 and 204: CAD systems. The sample consists of
Page 205 and 206: learn to master the new system. An
Page 207 and 208: Although researchers appear to agre
Page 209 and 210: Link and Zmud28 found that organic
Page 211 and 212: Informal Training Informal CAD trai
Page 213 and 214: informal training programs, felt th
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6. C. A. Beatty, Tall Tales and Rea
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A.Y.C. Nee National University of S
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FIGURE 7.1 Planning, design, and ma
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A metal stamping can have the follo
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FIGURE 7.3 Strips used to notch out
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A Skeletal Approach for the Recogni
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These findings can be used to devel
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Semi-Direct Piloting In cases where
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a larger value, the die operations
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FIGURE 7.9 Symbolic relationship be
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FIGURE 7.11 The shape of the envelo
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TABLE 7.1 Schema for the Generation
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strong reasons to support a move to
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FIGURE 7.16 3-D CAD model of a part
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References Cheok, B.T. et al. (1994
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include the once forbidden generati
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A temporal matrix (T-Matrix) is pro
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FIGURE 8.1 A basic process. (From R
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FIGURE 8.4(a) Generate a new IG usi
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Note if the pair of nodes are both
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TABLE 8.1 Summary of the Rules Cond
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The correctness of these rules is e
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needs to show that after each full
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ule is violated, a warning should b
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Π1 Π3 Π4 FIGURE 8.8(a) After add
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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A ik � ‘U’ and is in a cycle
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FIGURE 8.12(a) Add [p2 t7 p7 t8 p4]
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FIGURE 8.12(c) Add a token to p8 vi
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FIGURE 8.12(e) Add [p8 t9 p14 t10 p
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FIGURE 8.13 An example of rule TT.0
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FIGURE 8.14 A GPN model of a machin
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FIGURE 8.15(b) The first exclusive
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FIGURE 8.15(d) The last exclusive T
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FIGURE 8.15(f) After entering the a
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FIGURE 8.15(h) Completion of Compon
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FIGURE 8.15(j) Two PP-generations:
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FIGURE 8.15(l) The last exclusive T
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t1 t5 p1 p5 t6 (a) t2 t3 t4 2 2 p2
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FIGURE 8.17 An example of partial f
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Theorem 10: If pi → pk in a synth
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Note that control transitions are o
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t j than the lower at , it indicate
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• Programming logic and VLSI arra
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7. Chao, D. Y. and D. T. Wang, Appl
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53. Villaroel, J. L., J. Martinez,
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q u : the numerator of the least ra
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geometric modeling, engineering ana
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In dimension driven or parametric d
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FIGURE 9.3 configuration of bodies
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FIGURE 9.6 FIGURE 9.7 Geometric Int
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FIGURE 9.8 Intersection of degrees
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will introduce a way to propagate p
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Completeness of Dimensions Complete
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FIGURE 9.12 3-D constraints. © 200
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The distance constraint from pt �
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therefore: Now merge the lists and
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Quantity analysis methods have the
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y a revolute joint. By selecting al
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