ComputerAided_Design_Engineering_amp_Manufactur.pdf

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TABLE 1.7 A View of the High-Level Process Plan along with the Various Machinability Parameters Generated by the BBPP System for Machining the Features in the Test Part Process Plan Issue Manufacturingprocess Manufacturing-setup (face no. in part) tasks associated with tolerance synthesis, and we outline the architecture of a tolerance synthesis system (TSS) for automatic synthesis of tolerance specifications under the overall framework of an IPD system. The TSS infers the functional tolerance limits (task [b]) based on the qualitative descriptions of the component functions as specified by the user through the use of component function–functional tolerance limit knowledge bases. These knowledge bases relate functions associated with the component geometric entities (surfaces and features) with certain functional tolerance limits. The specified functional tolerance limits are further constrained (task [b]) by identifying appropriate constraints (manufacturing, assembly, and inspection criteria), which are applicable to the component geometric entities. This task (i.e., © 2001 by CRC Press LLC Feature No. Feature Type Process Planner Output Feature-1 Square slot Slab milling Feature-2,3 Square hole Drilling and milling Feature-4,5,6,7,8,9,10 Cylindrical hole Drilling Feature -1 Square slot 1 Feature-2,3 Square hole 3 Feature-4,5,6,7,8,9,10 Cylindrical hole 2 Manufacturing Operation Parameters Process plan details Feature 1 Features 2 and 3 Features 4,5,6,7,8,9,10 Manufacturing operation Slab milling Drilling and milling Drilling Machine tool Universal milling Radial drilling and Radial drilling machine machine universal milling machine Cutting-tool type HDPMC PTSD, SSEM PTSD Cutting-tool ARCEARH PLCH, PRP PLCH specifications Cps 1 Cps2 Cps3 Cutter diameter 1 3 (drill dia.),3 3/4 Cutter width 4 — — Feed (mm/tooth) 0.18 0.25 (mm/min) Drill bit and 0.018 (mm/tooth) Cutter 0.45 (mm/min) Tool material grade S2 S2 S2 Number of passes 4 7 — Cutting fluid EO EO EO Speed (m/min) 29 21 (Drilling), 34 21 Depth of cut (mm) 0.65 1.0 — Finishing Operation Parameters Finishing operation No operation No operation Internal grinding machine tool required required VGM Cutting-tool type — — CyGW Grit size — — 60 Infeed (m/min) — — 0.005 Traverse (mm/pass) — — 0.125 Wheel speed (m/min) — — 51 Work speed (m/min) — — 46 Wheel material — — CBN Wheel type — — B180TV Heat-Treatment Specifications Carburizing at 870–950�C with CaCO3 followed by water quenching.
FIGURE 1.12 Display of the NC tool path generated by the NC tool path planning module for machining the square slot (Feature 1) feature in the test part. task [b]) is performed by the TSS system through the use of tolerance optimization formulations, 19 process error-tolerance limit data bases, and geometric entity-process error relationship knowledge bases. 16 In this chapter, we further demonstrate the potential of applying ICAD techniques for the automatic synthesis of tolerance specifications for a test-case assembly, which is commonly encountered in various industrial applications. ICAD Techniques in Tolerance Synthesis The ability of TSS to synthesize tolerance specifications on components subjected to a variety of component functions and assembly requirements is dependent to a large extent on the availability, content, and accessibility of the required knowledge and data bases. The different knowledge and data bases that have been developed for the task of tolerance synthesis in TSS are 1. Component function–functional tolerance limit knowledge base: The qualitative and abstract descriptions of component functions and assembly requirements as specified by the user cannot be directly transformed into functional tolerance limits. In the past, various expert systems 20,21 have been developed for transforming abstract component function descriptions into functional tolerance limits. However, the domain of the expert systems was restricted to a few classes of components, which are provided in the standard fit and tolerance tables (ISO tables). This drawback limits the application of an expert system approach for the synthesis of tolerances. In order to overcome the above drawback for the synthesis of tolerances, we have proposed a two-step procedure for the mapping of abstract component functions into functional tolerance limits. The two steps consist of the following: (a) at first, the abstract component functions are transformed into the part function model (PFM) of the part, 16,22 and (b) in the next step, the functional tolerance limits are established by mapping the PFM model of the part with the appropriate entry in the component function-functional tolerance limit knowledge base. This knowledge base essentially © 2001 by CRC Press LLC VRweb Scene Viewer File Navigate Anchors Display Help Rweb http://web.syr.edu/~bbharadw/NVRML, 3 pol: NC Tool Path Faces of the SLOT feature Milling Cutter
Page 1 and 2: COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN, ENGINEERING,
Page 3 and 4: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-P
Page 5 and 6: Editor Cornelius T. Leondes, B.S.,
Page 7 and 8: Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapt
Page 9 and 10: the implementation of the IPD syste
Page 11 and 12: In our IPD system implementations,
Page 13 and 14: 2. Specification of analysis-specif
Page 15 and 16: FIGURE 1.2 base or the design insta
Page 17 and 18: FIGURE 1.4 System architecture of t
Page 19 and 20: of a beam is considered for FEA. Th
Page 21 and 22: FIGURE 1.7 through the control expe
Page 23 and 24: 2. machining facility (e.g., gang m
Page 25 and 26: from the FBDS. The user also specif
Page 27 and 28: Depending on the type of feature to
Page 29: TABLE 1.6 Tolerance synthesis is de
Page 33 and 34: component geometric entities and va
Page 35 and 36: FIGURE 1.14 The system architecture
Page 37 and 38: TABLE 1.10 User Input for the Toler
Page 39 and 40: TABLE 1.11 Tolerance Specifications
Page 41 and 42: 7. Z. Young and I. R. Groose. A rul
Page 43 and 44: FIGURE 2.1 Tool paths generated for
Page 45 and 46: FIGURE 2.2 sented by instances of f
Page 47 and 48: TABLE 2.1 A CAD-Generated Hole Conf
Page 49 and 50: FIGURE 2.6 mounted on the rotary ta
Page 51 and 52: FIGURE 2.8 fixture for the machinin
Page 53 and 54: FIGURE 2.10 or best-fit, or the cur
Page 55 and 56: FIGURE 2.11 Linear approximation of
Page 57 and 58: FIGURE 2.13 Circular approximation
Page 59 and 60: FIGURE 2.14(b) Circular approximati
Page 61 and 62: FIGURE 2.16 Types of biarcs. FIGURE
Page 63 and 64: FIGURE 2.18 Approximation of scanne
Page 65 and 66: FIGURE 2.20 A touch trigger probe c
Page 67 and 68: TABLE 2.4 Substitute Elements in CM
Page 69 and 70: FIGURE 2.21 CMM planning requiremen
Page 71 and 72: Product Model Representation for Co
Page 73 and 74: © 2001 by CRC Press LLC TABLE 2.5
Page 75 and 76: TABLE 2.7 Partial Listing of Dimens
Page 77 and 78: 24. Makinouchi, S., Okamoto, M., an
Page 79 and 80: Bijan Shirinzadeh Monash University
Page 81 and 82:
FIGURE 3.1 Trends in flexible manuf
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FIGURE 3.3 and constrain different
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Other Fixturing Techniques There ar
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FIGURE 3.6 contact point. The geome
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FIGURE 3.8 The vertical support fix
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and moments about the contact point
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een identified, the normals are use
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one of choosing the variables: such
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Fixture Module Location An importan
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FIGURE 3.15 Illustration of functio
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FIGURE 3.18 Minimum separation test
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direction) the face, respectively.
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FIGURE 3.21 Software structure for
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3.8 Conclusion A reconfigurable fix
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Heui Jae Pahk Seoul National Univer
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FIGURE 4.1(b) Conceptual framework
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4.3 Measurement Points Sampling and
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Surface S2 Measurement Path FIGURE
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FIGURE 4.4 Rough phase alignment ba
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deviation between the nominal CAD d
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FIGURE 4.6(a) Sum of squares distan
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FIGURE 4.7(c) Trailing edge. (c) th
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FIGURE 4.8(a) Profile tolerance of
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The calculated minimum form error i
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FIGURE 4.11(a) A typical mold havin
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FIGURE 4.11(d) Inspection results f
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FIGURE 4.12(c) Maximum deviation (p
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5.1 Introduction Developments in th
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process plan for a part (Figure 5.3
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FIGURE 5.5 leading to the developme
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the previously stored process plan
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FIGURE 5.7 Techniques of defining a
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Feature Recognition and Extraction
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in relation to another feature (e.g
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FIGURE 5.9 Framework for building a
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FIGURE 5.10 Process plan content.
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FIGURE 5.12 Schematic sketch of the
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Several techniques of defining a fe
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TABLE 5.1 Data Structure for Repres
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FIGURE 5.16 Classification of the t
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system to ensure that the part bein
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FIGURE 5.19 Graphical model of the
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TABLE 5.4 Data Structure for Repres
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FIGURE 5.20 Mapping between machini
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algorithms. (Some details of the pr
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FIGURE 5.24 An example rotational p
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FIGURE 5.26 Down_face-turn-up_face
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FIGURE 5.27 Procedure for machine t
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FIGURE 5.28 Determining the number
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DL is needed to be set only if the
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FIGURE 5.31 Operation sequencing co
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Cutting Tool Selection Selection of
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1. A tool is searched for in the da
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FIGURE 5.32 Inputs to optimization
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When these values are substituted,
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Usually, maximum and minimum speed
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FIGURE 5.33 Solution methodology.
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TABLE 5.6 Process Plan Internal Rep
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In a strict theoretical perspective
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18. Domazet, D. S. and Lu, S. C. Y,
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63. Prasad, A. V. S. R. K., Rao, P.
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CAD systems. The sample consists of
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learn to master the new system. An
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Although researchers appear to agre
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Link and Zmud28 found that organic
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Informal Training Informal CAD trai
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informal training programs, felt th
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6. C. A. Beatty, Tall Tales and Rea
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A.Y.C. Nee National University of S
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FIGURE 7.1 Planning, design, and ma
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A metal stamping can have the follo
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FIGURE 7.3 Strips used to notch out
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A Skeletal Approach for the Recogni
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These findings can be used to devel
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Semi-Direct Piloting In cases where
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a larger value, the die operations
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FIGURE 7.9 Symbolic relationship be
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FIGURE 7.11 The shape of the envelo
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TABLE 7.1 Schema for the Generation
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strong reasons to support a move to
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FIGURE 7.16 3-D CAD model of a part
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References Cheok, B.T. et al. (1994
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include the once forbidden generati
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A temporal matrix (T-Matrix) is pro
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FIGURE 8.1 A basic process. (From R
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FIGURE 8.4(a) Generate a new IG usi
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Note if the pair of nodes are both
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TABLE 8.1 Summary of the Rules Cond
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The correctness of these rules is e
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needs to show that after each full
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ule is violated, a warning should b
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Π1 Π3 Π4 FIGURE 8.8(a) After add
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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A ik � ‘U’ and is in a cycle
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FIGURE 8.12(a) Add [p2 t7 p7 t8 p4]
Page 271 and 272:
FIGURE 8.12(c) Add a token to p8 vi
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FIGURE 8.12(e) Add [p8 t9 p14 t10 p
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FIGURE 8.13 An example of rule TT.0
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FIGURE 8.14 A GPN model of a machin
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FIGURE 8.15(b) The first exclusive
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FIGURE 8.15(d) The last exclusive T
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FIGURE 8.15(f) After entering the a
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FIGURE 8.15(h) Completion of Compon
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FIGURE 8.15(j) Two PP-generations:
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FIGURE 8.15(l) The last exclusive T
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t1 t5 p1 p5 t6 (a) t2 t3 t4 2 2 p2
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FIGURE 8.17 An example of partial f
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Theorem 10: If pi → pk in a synth
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Note that control transitions are o
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t j than the lower at , it indicate
Page 301 and 302:
• Programming logic and VLSI arra
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7. Chao, D. Y. and D. T. Wang, Appl
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53. Villaroel, J. L., J. Martinez,
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q u : the numerator of the least ra
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geometric modeling, engineering ana
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In dimension driven or parametric d
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FIGURE 9.3 configuration of bodies
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FIGURE 9.6 FIGURE 9.7 Geometric Int
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FIGURE 9.8 Intersection of degrees
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will introduce a way to propagate p
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Completeness of Dimensions Complete
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FIGURE 9.12 3-D constraints. © 200
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The distance constraint from pt �
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therefore: Now merge the lists and
Page 329 and 330:
Quantity analysis methods have the
Page 331 and 332:
y a revolute joint. By selecting al
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