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1.5.4 Heterogeneity in the Effect on Coverage ............ 24 1.5.5 The Effect on Wealth and Premiums .............. 25 1.5.6 Summary and Interpretation ................... 26 1.6 The Effect on Costs ............................ 27 1.6.1 Baseline Estimates ........................ 27 1.6.2 Sensitivity Analysis ........................ 28 1.6.3 Summary and Interpretation ................... 29 1.7 Micro-Simulation Model ......................... 29 1.8 Puzzles and Policy ............................ 31 1.8.1 Puzzles ............................... 31 1.8.2 Policy Implications ........................ 33 1.9 Conclusion ................................. 35 1.10 Appendix to Chapter 1 .......................... 36 1.10.1 Model Predictions ......................... 36 1.10.2 Seizable Assets Calculation Details ............... 37 1.10.3 Micro-Simulation Details ..................... 38 2 Pricing and Welfare in Health Plan Choice 65 2.1 Introduction ................................ 65 2.2 Health Plan Pricing and Market Efficiency ............... 68 2.3 Data and Environment .......................... 72 2.3.1 Institutional Setting ....................... 72 2.3.2 Data and Descriptive Statistics ................. 74 2.4 Econometric Model ............................ 77 2.4.1 Consumer Preferences, Plan Costs and Market Behavior ... 77 2.4.2 Discussion of Model and Identification ............. 82 2.4.3 Estimation Strategy ....................... 85 2.4.4 Welfare Measurement ....................... 86 2.5 Empirical Results ............................. 87 2.5.1 Model Estimates ......................... 88 2.5.2 Quantifying Social Welfare Inefficiencies ............ 93 x
2.5.3 The Value of Plan Choice .................... 96 2.5.4 Discussion and Sensitivity Analysis ............... 97 2.6 Conclusion ................................. 98 2.7 Appendix to Chapter 2 .......................... 99 2.7.1 Comparison to Demand Estimates in Other Settings ..... 99 2.7.2 Alternative Specifications of the Demand Model ........ 100 3 Private Coverage and Public Costs: Identifying the Effect of Private Supplemental Insurance on Medicare Spending 117 3.1 Introduction ................................ 117 3.2 Background ................................ 122 3.3 Data .................................... 124 3.4 Empirical Model ............................. 125 3.4.1 Estimating equations ....................... 125 3.4.2 Estimation approach ....................... 127 3.5 Identifying Variation ........................... 128 3.5.1 The Instrument .......................... 128 3.5.2 Potential Concerns ........................ 130 3.6 Results and Discussion .......................... 132 3.6.1 Premiums and Medigap Choice ................. 132 3.6.2 Causal Impact on Costs ..................... 134 3.6.3 Robustness and External Validity ................ 136 3.7 Policy Counterfactuals .......................... 137 3.8 Conclusion ................................. 139 4 Do Expiring Budgets Lead to Wasteful Year-End Spending? Evi- dence from Federal Procurement 153 4.1 Introduction ................................ 153 4.2 A Model of Wasteful Year-End Spending ................ 157 4.2.1 The Baseline Model ........................ 157 4.2.2 Rollover Budget Authority .................... 159 4.2.3 Extending the Model To Allow For Rollover .......... 160 xi
Page 1 and 2: ESSAYS IN PUBLIC FINANCE AND INDUST
Page 3 and 4: I certify that I have read this dis
Page 5 and 6: insurance choice. Among other thing
Page 7 and 8: Acknowledgements I am deeply thankf
Page 9: Contents Preface iv Acknowledgement
Page 13 and 14: List of Tables 1.1 Asset Exemption
Page 15 and 16: 4.9 First Week Contract Spending fo
Page 17 and 18: 4.3 I.T. Contracting by Week ......
Page 19 and 20: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 2 of the dead
Page 21 and 22: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 4 relevant le
Page 23 and 24: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 6 superficial
Page 25: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 8 After treat
Page 29: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 12 newly edit
Page 32: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 15 bound of t
Page 37 and 38: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 20 or coverag
Page 39 and 40: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 22 homestead
Page 41 and 42: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 24 log seizab
Page 43 and 44: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 26 on the bas
Page 45 and 46: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 28 to seizabl
Page 48 and 49: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 31 CARA utili
Page 50 and 51: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 33 Puzzle 3:
Page 52: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 35 of income
Page 57 and 58: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 40 TaxSim pro
Page 59 and 60: Payments CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 42 $
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OOP payments CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY
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ln(seizable sssets) CHAPTER 1. BANK
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50 60 70 80 90 100 Insurance covera
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Pr(WTP > premium) CHAPTER 1. BANKRU
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 52 Table 1.1:
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 62 Table 1.11
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 64 Table 1.14
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 66 pl
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 68 ar
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 70 pl
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 73 va
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 75 An
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 77 2.
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 81 wh
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 83 cr
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 88 2.
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 90 av
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 92 ar
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 94 le
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 96
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 98 ef
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 100 2
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 102 T
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 111 F
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 113 6
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Chapter 3 Private Coverage and Publ
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 119 be of intere
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 121 hazard for i
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 123 have benefit
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 128 We use boots
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 130 of costs and
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 132 policy that
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 134 3.6.2 Causal
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 136 3.6.3 Robust
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 138 calculated u
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 140 (10000,11000
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 142 Table 3.2: S
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 144 Table 3.4: H
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 146 Table 3.6: S
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 148 Table 3.8: R
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 150 Table 3.10:
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 152 Table 3.12:
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 154 bu
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 156 in
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 159 To
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 163 4.
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 165 or
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 167 ha
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 169 It
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 172 To
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 175 0.
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 177 Th
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 179 to
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 181 Co
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 183 Fi
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 185 Sp
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 187 Ta
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