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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 193 Table 4.7: Alternative Overall Ratings Specifications Odds ratio of higher overall rating from ordered logit Coefficients from linear model Winsorized Heckman Contracts < $62M Contracts ≥ $62M Unweighted weights OLS selection model (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Last week 0.60 0.18 0.56 0.37 -1.00 -1.57 (0.23) (0.11) (0.14) (0.12) (0.39) (0.64) Year FE X X X X X Agency FE X X X X X X Project characteristics X X X X X X Weighted by spending X X X X X ! -0.87 (0.85) R-squared 0.69 N 335 336 671 671 671 3,803 Source: I.T. Dashboard data, accessed March, 2010 via http://it.usaspending.gov and 2003 to 2010 Exhibit 53 reports, available at http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/e-gov/docs/. Notes: Columns (1) to (4) show odds ratios from ordered logit regressions. Columns (1) and (2) split the sample at the median value. Column (3) shows odds ratios from an unweighted regression. Column (4) Winsorizes the spending weight at $1 billion (96th percentile).Columns (5) and (6) show regression coefficients from linear regressions. Column (5) reports coefficients from a simple OLS regression. Column (6) reports coefficient from a Heckman selection model with a linear second stage. In this regression the sample is all major I.T. projects recorded in the Exhibit 53 reports. The excluded variable in this selection model is the year of project origination. The coefficient ! is the implied coefficient on the inverse Mill's ratio selection term. Overall rating is a quality index that combines that CIO evaluation, cost rating, and scheduling rating subindexes (see text for details). It takes values from 0 to 10, with 10 being the best score. Project characteristics are fixed effects for investment phase, service group, and line of business (see Table 5). Observations weighted by inflation-adjusted spending unless otherwise mentioned. Robust standard errors in parentheses.
CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 194 Table 4.8: Difference-in-Differences Estimates of Overall Rating on Justice and Last Week OLS Estimates (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Justice X last week 3.54 2.29 2.85 2.36 2.251 2.49 (1.19) (1.16) (0.75) (0.65) 0.593 0.898 Last week -1.91 -1.06 -0.93 -0.99 -0.814 -0.468 (1.10) (0.82) (0.48) (0.39) 0.391 0.238 Justice 0.06 -0.59 -3.33 -3.88 -4.022 -2.028 (0.51) (0.49) (0.47) (0.59) 0.578 1.01 Year FE X X X X X Agency FE X X X X Project characteristics X X X Weighted by spending X X X X Winsorized* R-squared 0.06 0.22 0.58 0.68 0.60 0.48 N 686 686 686 686 686 686 Source: I.T. Dashboard data, accessed March, 2010 via http://it.usaspending.gov Notes: Coefficients from OLS regressions of overall rating on fully interacted Justice and last week indicators and controls. Overall rating is a quality index that combines that CIO evaluation, cost rating, and scheduling rating subindexes (see text for details). It takes values from 0 to 10, with 10 being the best score. Project characteristics are fixed effects for investment phase, service group, and line of business (see Table 5). Robust standard errors in parentheses. *Spending weight Winsorized at $1 billion (96th percentile).
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ESSAYS IN PUBLIC FINANCE AND INDUST
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I certify that I have read this dis
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insurance choice. Among other thing
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Acknowledgements I am deeply thankf
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Contents Preface iv Acknowledgement
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2.5.3 The Value of Plan Choice ....
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List of Tables 1.1 Asset Exemption
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4.9 First Week Contract Spending fo
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4.3 I.T. Contracting by Week ......
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 2 of the dead
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 4 relevant le
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 6 superficial
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 8 After treat
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 12 newly edit
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 22 homestead
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 24 log seizab
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 28 to seizabl
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 31 CARA utili
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 33 Puzzle 3:
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 35 of income
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 40 TaxSim pro
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Payments CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 42 $
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OOP payments CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY
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ln(seizable sssets) CHAPTER 1. BANK
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50 60 70 80 90 100 Insurance covera
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Pr(WTP > premium) CHAPTER 1. BANKRU
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 52 Table 1.1:
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 62 Table 1.11
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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 64 Table 1.14
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 66 pl
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 111 F
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 113 6
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Chapter 3 Private Coverage and Publ
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 119 be of intere
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 121 hazard for i
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 123 have benefit
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 128 We use boots
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 130 of costs and
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 132 policy that
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 134 3.6.2 Causal
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 136 3.6.3 Robust
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 138 calculated u
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 140 (10000,11000
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