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CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 47 Figure 1.7: Seizable Homestead Equity in 2005 vs. 1920 for a Constant Sample of Households Seizable home equity in 2005 0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 Slope = 1.96 (0.38) R-squared = 0.42 ID CA NV TX AZ MS AR AL NE LA CO MI GA MO 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 Seizable home equity in 1920 Notes: Mean seizable home equity for a constant, nationally representative sample of households under 2005 and inflation-adjusted 1920 homestead exemption laws as they lived in each state. The New England states are shaded red. The sample is made up of uninsured and privately insured households, excluding households with a head age 65 or older. Slope coefficient from a bivariate regression weighted by population, with a robust standard error in parentheses. Pooled 1999 to 2005 PSID, inflation-adjusted to 2005 using the CPI-U. States that did not exist or had acre-based homestead exemption laws are excluded. Household-level estimates weighted by number of individuals per household for interpretation at the individual level. WY VA UT WV KY OH SC NC IL NY NJ TN WA NM CT MA IN ME VT NH PA MD DE RI
50 60 70 80 90 100 Insurance coverage (percentage points) Figure 1.8: Insurance Coverage vs. Seizable Assets ND ME MT VT MN CT MA AK AL AR AZ IA PA DC MS DE KS OK WI NY KY TN MO GA ID CO IL VA NMUT NV MD MI NH NC OH OR NE HI SC FL IN SD CA WA TX WY LA WV 8 9 10 11 12 ln(seizable assets) (a) Insurance Coverage vs. Seizable Assets 60 70 80 90 100 Insurance coverage (percentage points) TX MT VT RI CT ND MA ME MN NJ IA DC NH NV KS NY TN WI WA ID KY AK GA IL NM CO MD MO VA OR UT OH NC NE FL HI IN SC AL AZ AR PA MI SD MS OK WV 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 ln(seizable assets) for constant sample (c) Insurance Coverage vs. Simulated Instrument 60 70 80 90 100 Insurance coverage (percentage points) ID NV GAMI MO CO VAUT NE NY TN KY WA IL NM OH NC SC PA NH IN MD AZ AR AL CA TX MS WY 8.6 8.8 9 9.2 9.4 9.6 ln(seizable home equity) for constant sample (e) Insurance Coverage vs. Historical Instrument LA CA RI CT NJ WV MA WY NJ ME LA VT DE DE RI 50 60 70 80 90 100 Insurance coverage (percentage points) 8 9 10 11 12 ln(seizable assets) (b) Insurance Coverage vs. Seizable Assets 60 70 80 90 100 Insurance coverage (percentage points) 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 ln(seizable assets) for constant saple (d) Insurance Coverage vs. Simulated Instrument 60 70 80 90 100 Insurance coverage (percentage points) 8.6 8.8 9 9.2 9.4 9.6 ln(seizable home equity) for constant sample (f) Insurance Coverage vs. Historical Instrument Notes: Figures on the same row show the exact same data. In the left column, data points are indicated with state abbreviations. In the right column, states are indicated with circles proportional to the number of observations from that state. Panels A and B plot the raw data: insurance coverage against log seizable assets averaged by state. Panels C and D plots the reduced form: insurance coverage against the instrument by state. The simulated instrument is mean log seizable assets for a constant, nationally representative sample of households as though they lived in that state. Panels E and F plots the reduced form with the historical instrument. The historical instrument is constructed similarly to the simulated instrument using seizable home equity under inflation-adjusted 1920 homestead exemption laws. The sample is made up of uninsured and privately insured households, excluding households with a head age 65 or older. Pooled data from the 1999 to 2005 PSID, inflation-adjusted to 2005 using the CPI-U.
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ESSAYS IN PUBLIC FINANCE AND INDUST
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I certify that I have read this dis
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insurance choice. Among other thing
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Acknowledgements I am deeply thankf
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Contents Preface iv Acknowledgement
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2.5.3 The Value of Plan Choice ....
Page 13 and 14: List of Tables 1.1 Asset Exemption
Page 15 and 16: 4.9 First Week Contract Spending fo
Page 17 and 18: 4.3 I.T. Contracting by Week ......
Page 19 and 20: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 2 of the dead
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Page 50 and 51: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 33 Puzzle 3:
Page 52: CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 35 of income
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Page 59 and 60: Payments CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY 42 $
Page 61 and 62: OOP payments CHAPTER 1. BANKRUPTCY
Page 63: ln(seizable sssets) CHAPTER 1. BANK
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 98 ef
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 100 2
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 102 T
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 111 F
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CHAPTER 2. HEALTH PLAN CHOICE 113 6
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Chapter 3 Private Coverage and Publ
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 119 be of intere
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 121 hazard for i
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 123 have benefit
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 128 We use boots
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 130 of costs and
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 132 policy that
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 134 3.6.2 Causal
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 136 3.6.3 Robust
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 138 calculated u
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 140 (10000,11000
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 142 Table 3.2: S
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 144 Table 3.4: H
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 146 Table 3.6: S
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 148 Table 3.8: R
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 150 Table 3.10:
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CHAPTER 3. MEDIGAP 152 Table 3.12:
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 154 bu
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 156 in
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 159 To
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 163 4.
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 165 or
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 167 ha
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 169 It
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 172 To
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 175 0.
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 177 Th
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 179 to
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 181 Co
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 183 Fi
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 185 Sp
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CHAPTER 4. YEAR-END SPENDING 187 Ta
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