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The Revolt of Daskaloyiannis The promise to bring the Muscovite did the trick. Daskaloyiannis raised his standard of revolt on 25 March, the day of the Feast of the Annunciation. The Turks retired within the walls of Canea, and Daskaloyiannis with his pitifully inadequate force of eight hundred pushed down to the Malaxa ridge, his plan being to hold the enemy in Canea until the Russian fleet arrived. Had Orloof kept his promise, the Turks could have been shot to pieces; (though this would by no means have ensured that Crete became Greek again). As it was, as soon as it became clear that the Russians would not be coming, Daskaloyiannis must have seen the rebellion was doomed. The depressing story of retreat before the Muslim army, which outnumbered Daskaloyiannis’s force by about thirty to one, is told in detail by Pantzelios. Twice the Turks called on Daskaloyiannis to surrender. The first time, the Teacher wished to give himself up but was dissuaded by his fellow chieftains, who held that surrender was pointless and shameful. The second demand for surrender came when the Cretans’ position was desperate; their last line of defences, the Aradaina ravine, had been crossed. Some traitor must have revealed the only path across it. In Pantzelios’s song: But the Pasha wrote again to Daskaloyiannis . . . ‘Daskaloyiaimis of Sphakia, come and meet me, And see that you tame the birds you drove wild. . . . Trust my letter, whatever they may tell you, And so leave Sphakia with men to live in her. When you come and we talk together All will be settled and we shall be friends.’ This letter was accompanied by another which the pasha extorted from Daskaloyiannis’s brother, who had been captured in the fighting. The brother, having assured Daskaloyiannis that the pasha’s invitation was made in the best of faith and should be accepted at once, succeeded in adding three Ms at the bottom of the page; these, a prearranged code signal, showed Daskaloyiannis that he was to pay no attention to either letter. He can therefore have had no hope of saving his own life when he decided once again to surrender. This time the other Cretan leaders cannot prevent him. Even his cousin the priest is moved by his courage, for, though Pantzelios offers no explanations, it is clear from what Daskaloyiannis tells the assembled company that his only motive is a desire to obtain the best terms he can for his followers when defeat finally comes. He says goodbye to his wife and children. 83
The Great Island He said, ‘My dear wife, my faithful partner, Listen with attention to the news. I shall go to the Pasha, to speak with him, And I do not know well whether I shall return. Care for the children, as you know how to do, Waking and sleeping think of them. . . . Let us trust in God, and pray to Him To sec again those who live, to meet together again. Come to my arms, children, for me to kiss you, And be wise until I return again. Listen to your mother and your own people - You have my prayers. May God help you. And you, my friends, my people, brother Sphakians, Listen to the advice I give you. Do not trust the Turk, whatever he orders, He will fight with lies to cheat you all. Avoid the Turk, let no one approach him. Our fate, our destiny, have not changed yet.’ And Daskaloyiannis gave himself up. He was taken to Heraklion, where the pasha greeted him effusively, offering food, wine, tobacco and coffee, and then subjecting him to a most courteous and reasonable interrogation. What was the cause of the revolt? The Sphakians, compared with other Cretans, were privileged. If there were any complaints, you should have brought them to me, not risen in rebellion, I am pasha, it’s my job to sort things out. Daskaloyiannis blew smoke out of his mouth, and replied: ‘The cause - you are the cause, you lawless Pashas. . . . That’s why I decided to raise Crete in revolt, To free her from the claws of the Turk. First for my fatherland, and second for my faith, Third for the Christians who live in Crete. For even if I am Sphakian, also I am a child of Crete And to see the Cretans in torment is pain to me.’ The pasha then asked, again politely, about Daskaloyiannis’s contacts with the rebels of the Peloponnese. Unfortunately Daskaloyiannis lost his temper. ‘Silence, Pasha, you are wasting your words; your net is cut and you will not catch the fish, ... Do what you like with me, but harm no one else.’ Soon after, according to the poem, he was flayed alive, without uttering a single groan, in the main square of Heraklion. The story proper ends at this point. But the poem suddenly and 84
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THE GREAT ISLAND
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Michael Llewellyn Smith The Great I
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To my Mother and Father
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Plates Eastern Crctc. The north coa
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1 Introduction I first saw Crete, w
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Introduction time from the tyranny
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Introduction And then they were dri
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The Great Island another. He is lik
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The Great Island he found himself i
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2 Roman, Byzantine and Arab Crete N
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The Great Island mother, sometimes
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The Great Island that bishop Titus
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The Great Island earth, which your
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The Great Island still renowned - a
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The Great Island Since the Prophet
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3 Venetian Crete In. the City and i
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The Great Island oppression and ext
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The Great Island the fifteenth cent
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The Great Island In the morning, Ka
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The Great Island political history
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The Great Island tremendous beyond
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13 Sphakia - The Vampires Les habit
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The Great Island above Sphakia wher
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Western Cretan wedding The laouto (
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The Great Island was due to the vio
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The Great Island never saw a vampir
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14 Return to Asi Gonia I went up to
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The Great Island Greek, on the assu
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The Great Island to. People do slee
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The Great Island the wheel, iron sh
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The author with Aleko above the gor
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Epilogue At this point one thinks o
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The Great Island Mani, by Patrick L
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Du Boulay, Julie, 126, 128-30, 134,
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Skordylis, Syphis, 81 Smyrna disast
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