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Fourth Study Conference on BALTEX Scala Cinema Gudhjem

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Figure1. Modeled percent volume change in river<br />

discharge to the Baltic Sea from HBV-Baltic. The upper<br />

plot shows mean annual values summarized for the five<br />

main Baltic Sea drainage basins and the total Baltic Basin<br />

for the four climate change scenarios. The anomaly of<br />

observed river discharge for the period 1991-2002<br />

compared to the period 1961-1990 is also shown.<br />

Runoff (mm yr -1 )<br />

600<br />

500<br />

400<br />

300<br />

200<br />

100<br />

H-B2<br />

E-B2<br />

H-A2<br />

E-A2<br />

H-B2<br />

0 4 Temperature (°C)<br />

8<br />

Figure 2. Estimated temperature and runoff during<br />

1901-2002, and average c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s for 2071-2100<br />

according to four scenario simulati<strong>on</strong>s with the HBV<br />

model. Individual years (+, 1991-2002 in bold), 12-year<br />

averages (gray circles), average 1991-2002 (black circle),<br />

and the averages in the scenario simulati<strong>on</strong>s for 2071-<br />

2100 (orange and red circles). The lines give average<br />

values for 1961-1990 for northern Sweden (left) and<br />

southern Sweden (right). The four scenarios were based<br />

<strong>on</strong> the HadAM3H (H) and ECHAM4/OPYC3 (E)<br />

models, and the A2 and B2 scenarios.<br />

References<br />

Andréass<strong>on</strong>, J., Bergström, S., Carlss<strong>on</strong>, B., Graham, L.P.<br />

and Lindström, G. Hydrological Change -<br />

Climate Change Impact Simulati<strong>on</strong>s for Sweden,<br />

Ambio 2004. In press.<br />

Bergström, S. and Forsman, A. Development of a<br />

c<strong>on</strong>ceptual deterministic rainfall-runoff model. Nord.<br />

Hydrol., 4, 147-170. 1973.<br />

Bergström, S., Carlss<strong>on</strong>, B., Gardelin, M., Lindström, G.,<br />

Petterss<strong>on</strong>, A. and Rummukainen, M., Climate<br />

E-B2<br />

H-A2<br />

E-A2<br />

- 159 -<br />

change impacts <strong>on</strong> runoff in Sweden - assessments by<br />

global climate models, dynamical downscaling and<br />

hydrological modelling. Clim. Res. 16, 101-112. 2001<br />

Graham, L.P. Modeling runoff to the Baltic Sea. Ambio,<br />

28, 328-334, 1999<br />

Graham, L.P. Climate change effects <strong>on</strong> river flow to the<br />

Baltic Sea. Ambio, 2004. In press.<br />

Lindström, G. and Bergström, S. Runoff trends in<br />

Sweden, Hydrological Sciences Journal, 49 (1)<br />

February, 2004. In press.<br />

Lindström, G. and Alexanderss<strong>on</strong>, H. Recent mild and<br />

wet years in relati<strong>on</strong> to l<strong>on</strong>g observati<strong>on</strong> records and<br />

future climate change in Sweden. Ambio, 2004. In<br />

press.<br />

Nakićenović N., et al. Emissi<strong>on</strong> Scenarios. A Special<br />

Report of Working Group III of the<br />

Intergovernmental Panel <strong>on</strong> Climate Change.<br />

Cambridge University Press, 599 pp. 2000.<br />

Räisänen, J., Hanss<strong>on</strong>, U., Ullerstig, A., Döscher, R.,<br />

Graham, L. P., J<strong>on</strong>es, C., Meier, H. E. M.,<br />

Samuelss<strong>on</strong>, P. and Willén, U. European climate in<br />

the late 21st century: regi<strong>on</strong>al simulati<strong>on</strong>s with two<br />

driving global models and two forcing scenarios.<br />

Clim. Dyn., published <strong>on</strong>-line 14 Nov. 2003,<br />

DOI:10.1007/s00382-003-0365-x, 2003a<br />

Räisänen, J., Hanss<strong>on</strong>, U., Ullerstig, A., Döscher, R.,<br />

Graham, L. P., J<strong>on</strong>es, C., Meier, M., Samuelss<strong>on</strong>, P.<br />

and Willén, U. GCM driven simulati<strong>on</strong>s of recent and<br />

future climate with the Rossby Centre coupled<br />

atmosphere – Baltic Sea regi<strong>on</strong>al climate model<br />

RCAO. Reports Meteorology and Climatology No.<br />

101, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological<br />

Institute, Norrköping, Sweden, 61 pp. 2003b

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