Fourth Study Conference on BALTEX Scala Cinema Gudhjem

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To study land-surface atmosphere interaction processes under heterogeneous terrain conditions is one of the major research activities of the MOL. In addition to the operational boundary layer measurement program at the GM Falkenberg, micrometeorological measurements have been performed both at a forest and at a lake site during the last 4 years. Moreover, major field experiments have been organised in 1998 (Beyrich et al., 2002) and in 2003 (Beyrich et al., this volume) for detailed studies of land surface and boundary layer processes. The terrain heterogeneity is a fact the user of the CEOP data from Lindenberg should be aware of when performing validation studies against model output or satellite data. It is obvious, that the two major land use classes - forest and agricultural farmland - behave different with respect to surface - atmosphere exchange processes. This is illustrated in Figures 2 showing the averaged diurnal cycle of the mean (2 m) air temperature, net radiation and sensible heat fluxes during two months of CEOP EOP1 and EOP3, respectively. Mean air temperature may differ by about 1 K which is mainly due to the topography. Differences in net radiation during daytime amount up to about 25 %, and the differences in the sensible heat flux are even more pronounced (up to about a factor of 2 or 100 %). Temperature in deg C Net radiation in W/m 2 Sensible heat flux in W/m 2 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 T, July 2001 Grassland Forest 10 00:00 03:00 06:00 09:00 12:00 UTC 15:00 18:00 21:00 00:00 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 00:00 03:00 06:00 09:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 00:00 -100 250 200 150 100 50 -50 Rn, July 2001 H, July 2001 UTC Grassland Forest 0 00:00 03:00 06:00 09:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 00:00 UTC Grassland Forest Figure 2. Mean diurnal cycle of air temperature, net radiation and sensible heat flux during July, 2001 and February, 2003 at GM Falkenberg (farmland) and at the Kehrigk forest site (pine forest, 12 km West of Falkenberg) - 72 - The Lindenberg data for CEOP available via the CDA so far include the near surface measurements carried out at GM Falkenberg, representing the farmland part of the area, and hence only half of the truth. When comparing model output against our measurements, the user should be aware of what type of land use his model assumes for the Lindenberg grid cell. This may be highly dependent on grid size, actual position of the grid cell, and on the scheme applied to describe land surface characteristics (dominant land use, tile / mosaic approach etc.). Data from the forest site (representing the second half of the truth) may be made available upon request. References Beyrich, F., H.-J. Herzog, J. Neisser: The LITFASS project of DWD and the LITFASS-98 experiment: The project strategy and the experimental setup. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 73, 3-18, 2002 Neisser, J., W. Adam, F. Beyrich, U. Leiterer, H. Steinhagen: Atmospheric boundary layer monitoring at the Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg as a part of the "Lindenberg Column": Facilities and selected results. Meteorol. Z. (N.F.) 11, 241-253, 2002 Temperature in deg C Net radiation in W/m 2 Sensible heat flux in W/m 2 2 1 0 00:00 03:00 06:00 09:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 00:00 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 250 200 150 100 50 -50 -100 T, February 2003 Rn, February 2003 UTC Grassland Forest 0 00:00 03:00 06:00 09:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 00:00 100 80 60 40 20 -20 -40 H, February 2003 UTC Grassland Forest 0 00:00 03:00 06:00 09:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 00:00 UTC Grassland Forest
- 73 - The BALTEX Hydrological Data Centre, BHDC Bengt Carlsson Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, SE - 60176 Norrköping, Sweden, Bengt.Carlsson@smhi.se 1. The BALTEX HDC SMHI in Norrköping, Sweden, hosts the BALTEX Hydrological Data Centre. The main objective is to concentrate specific types of hydrological data and information about this data at one location. http://www.smhi.se/bhdc gives you all necessary information about what data is available and how to receive data from the BHDC The BHDC data base today consists of: Daily runoff data from runoff stations, Figure 1. Monthly runoff data from coast sections, Figure 2. Gridded meteorological data (1 deg. lat x 1 deg. long.) interpolated from synoptic stations, Figure 3. Hydrological and meteorological data from the special study Torne River basin and runoff data from the special study basins of the Daugava and Odra rivers. 2. Data policy The regulations for the use of data are set through agreements between SMHI - BALTEX HDC and the providing institute, and user of the data and the SMHI - BALTEX HDC Data delivery by the BALTEX HDC is strictly limited to groups of scientists which are officially registered as BALTEX Data Users. The delivery of data from the supplying institute will be free of charge. The istribution costs at the BALTEX HDC will be covered by the user. 3. Data management The data collected by the BHDC is supplied mainly by the different national institutes in the countries participating in BALTEX. The structure of the daily runoff data base is identical to the one that SMHI currently uses for the Swedish national runoff network. In that way BHDC can benefit from any progress being made to the current data base structure at SMHI. Meta data and other hydrological data are stored in different data bases designed solely for these purposes. Data from the data base will be provided to BALTEX Data Users upon request 4. Time periods of data The Warsaw hydrology workshop suggested including daily runoff data for the period 1980 and onwards in the archives of BHDC. The Status report 2003 describes the status of the data base today. Monthly runoff data is collected from 1950 and onwards. Other hydrological data will be collected depending on their availability and specific requirements from the BALTEX modelling community. Most of these data are not measured routinely and are only available from specific experiments. Figure 1. Daily Runoff Stations in the Baltic Sea Drainage Basin
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Fourth Stu
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Preface The 4 th Study</str
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- I - Table of Abstracts Title Auth
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- III - Sensitivity in Calculation
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- V - Parameter Estimation of the S
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- VII - The Realism of the ECHAM5.2
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Adam, W. K. .......................
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- 1 - Activities of the GEWEX Hydro
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eference site archive (Cabauw, Neth
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- 5 - Remote Sensing of Atmospheric
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minute averages around the satellit
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- 9 - Precipitation Type Statistics
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- 11 - Assimilation of New Land Sur
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Multichannel Microwave Radiometer f
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output has been processed in an equ
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height dependence of the Z-R-relati
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- 19 - CERES and Surface Radiation
Page 37 and 38: - 21 - Coastal Wind Mapping from Sa
Page 39 and 40: - 23 - Clouds and Water Vapor over
Page 41 and 42: - 25 - Broadband Cloud Albedo from
Page 43 and 44: - 27 - Observation of Clouds and Wa
Page 45 and 46: shows a ground-track of the vessel
Page 47 and 48: - 31 - Determination and Comparison
Page 49 and 50: - 33 - Spatial Variability of Snow
Page 51 and 52: - 35 - EVA-GRIPS: Regional Evaporat
Page 53 and 54: - 37 - LITFASS-2003 - A Land Surfac
Page 55 and 56: -39- Calibrated Surface Temperature
Page 57 and 58: - 41 - The Marine Boundary Layer -
Page 59 and 60: - 43 - Characteristics of the Atmos
Page 61 and 62: Figure 2. Surface stress from two d
Page 63 and 64: During the experiment the water was
Page 65 and 66: While the number of smallest drops
Page 67 and 68: SCANDIA will not be supported any l
Page 69 and 70: - 53 - Relationships Between Precip
Page 71 and 72: - 55 - Analysis of the Role of Atmo
Page 73 and 74: - 57 - Meteorological Peculiarities
Page 75 and 76: Baltic Sea Inflow Events Jan Piechu
Page 77 and 78: - 61 - The Different Baltic Inflows
Page 79 and 80: - 63 - Observations of Turbulent Ki
Page 81 and 82: - 65 - The Influence of Synoptic Si
Page 83 and 84: -67- Improved Method for the Determ
Page 85 and 86: -69- The Helicopter-Borne Turbulenc
Page 87: - 71 - CEOP Reference Site Data fro
Page 91 and 92: - 75 - Hydrological and Hydrochemic
Page 93 and 94: -77- Sea-level Monitoring at MARNET
Page 95 and 96: 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 GO(CLD-M) ERA40 S
Page 97 and 98: Figure 2. Monhly mean values of lat
Page 99 and 100: In the case of an ideal fit, the co
Page 101 and 102: - 85 - Influence of Atmospheric For
Page 103 and 104: The largest inter-annual variabilit
Page 105 and 106: References Andrejev, O, Sokolov, A.
Page 107 and 108: On the other hand, if the stratific
Page 109 and 110: Cyberska 1989, Cyberska and Krzymin
Page 111 and 112: - 95 - Continental-Scale Water-Bala
Page 113 and 114: - 97 - ICTS (Inter-CSE Transferabil
Page 115 and 116: The subsurface flow calculation is
Page 117 and 118: functions only data with higher qua
Page 119 and 120: - 103 - Modelling the Impact of Ine
Page 121 and 122: - 105 - Objective Calibration of th
Page 123 and 124: - 107 - Validation of Boundary Laye
Page 125 and 126: - 109 - Simulated Dynamical Process
Page 127 and 128: spreads along isobaths (fig.2). As
Page 129 and 130: than the precipitation pattern of J
Page 131 and 132: Figure 2. Long-term variability in
Page 133 and 134: obvious from temperature charts. Ho
Page 135 and 136: shortening of the winter seasons by
Page 137 and 138: Maximum 5 day precipitation (mm) Nu
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scale parameters the correlation be
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similar: the locations of main mini
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- 127 - Storminess on the Western C
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- 129 - Trends in Wind Speed over t
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- 131 - Wind Energy Prognoses for t
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- 133 - Detection of Climate Change
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Figure 3. Cross section of salinity
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of 35 m/s up to 3 hours. Data on wi
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Figure 2. Time series of Mean Sea L
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- 141 - Calculation and Forecast of
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- 143 - An Overview of Long-Term Ti
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- 145 - Baltic Sea Saltwater Inflow
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- 147 - Significance of Feedback in
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Lindström, G., Johansson, B., Pers
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- 151 - Air-Sea Fluxes Including Mo
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- 153 - The Realism of the ECHAM5.2
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- 155 - Figure 3. Accumulated total
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Figure 2. Example for Fourier decom
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Figure1. Modeled percent volume cha
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conditions even more challenging th
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surface heat fluxes close to zero.
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- 165 - Figure 1. Modeled seasonal
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- 167 - Present-Day and Future Prec
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- 169 - Extreme Precipitation on a
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at the stations Pärnu (Estonia) an
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6. Results There are many possible
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and vegetation, and to derive the h
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The structure of water bodies cadas
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Figure 1. The area of Gdańsk subje
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- 181 - Climate and Water Resources
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- 183 - Generating Synthetic Daily
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The evapotranspiration is affected
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Model parameters and coefficients:
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3. Hydrodynamic model of nutrient l
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No. 15: Minutes of 8 th Meeting of
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Fourth Study Conference on BALTEX Scala Cinema Gudhjem

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