Fourth Study Conference on BALTEX Scala Cinema Gudhjem

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Fig. 3: Evaporation over the experimental area on May 30, 2003, around noon, LM simulation –above- and derived from NOAA data – below - (figure by C. Heret and F. Berger, TU Dresden) Locally measured water vapour fluxes over different types of land use were found to show significant differences. Area averages of grid-size representative fluxes will be derived from the surface observations over various land use types by a suitable averaging strategy and will be compared to the fluxes determined from areaaveraging measurement systems (Helipod, scintillometers, lidar-radar combination). - 36 - Fig. 4: Diurnal cycle of latent heat flux over various land use types for June 7, 2003 (figure by M. Mauder, University of Bayreuth, including data by GKSS, DWD and TU Braunschweig) EVA-GRIPS will combine model and satellite data with the in-situ measurements to finally analyse the representativeness and validity of the evaporation parameterisation in atmospheric models. The EVA-GRIPS Team: GKSS Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH H.-T. Mengelkamp, S. Huneke, K.-P. Johnsen, H. Lohse (DWD) – Meteorol. Obs. Lindenberg (MOL) F. Beyrich, J.-P. Leps Meteorologisches Institut der Universität Bonn C. Simmer, F. Ament Inst. f. Geophys. und Meteorol. der Universität Köln G. Heinemann TU Dresden, Institut für Hydrologie und Meteorologie F. Berger, V. Goldberg, A. Tittebrand, C. Heret Inst. f. Meteorologie und Klimatologie, Univ. Hannover S. Raasch, J. Uhlenbrock Universität Bayreuth, Abteilung Mikrometeorologie T. Foken, M. Mauder TU Braunschweig, Inst. f. Luft- und Raumfahrtsysteme J. Bange, P. Zittel, S. Wilken, S. Contius Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, Hamburg B. Hennemuth, P. Günnewig, G. Peters, J. Bösenberg University of Wageningen/KNMI, The Netherlands W. Kohsiek, W. Meijninger
- 37 - LITFASS-2003 - A Land Surface / Atmosphere Interaction Experiment: Energy and Water Vapour Fluxes at Different Scales Frank Beyrich 1 , Jens Bange 4 , Christian Bernhofer 6 , Henk A.R. de Bruin 8 , Thomas Foken 5 , Barbara Hennemuth 2 , Sven Huneke 3 , Wim Kohsiek 7 , Jens-Peter Leps 1 , Horst Lohse 3 , Andreas Lüdi 9 , Matthias Mauder 5 , Wouter Meijninger 8 , Ronald Queck 6 and Peter Zittel 4 1 Meteorologisches Observatorium Lindenberg, Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), Am Observatorium 12, D-15848 Tauche / OT Lindenberg, Germany, frank.beyrich@dwd.de 2 Max-Planck Institut für Meteorologie, Hamburg, Germany, 3 Institut für Küstenforschung - GKSS Forschungszentrum Geesthacht, Germany 4 Institut für Luft- und Raumfahrtsysteme, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany 5 Abteilung Mikrometeorologie, Universität Bayreuth, Germany 6 Institut für Meteorolgie und Hydrologie, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany 7 Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut (KNMI), De Bilt, The Netherlands 8 Wageningen Universiteit, Leerstoelgroep Meteorologie en Luchtkwaliteit, Wageningen, The Netherlands 9 Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Bern, Switzerland 1. Introduction Land surface - atmosphere interaction processes play an important role in the energy and water cycle over a wide magnitude of scales. Relevant process parameters are, i.a., net radiation, turbulent fluxes of energy and momentum, evapotranspiration, and storage / transport of heat and water in the soil. An adequate description of these processes in numerical weather prediction and climate models is fundamental for a reliable simulation of near surface weather and climate conditions. However, considerable deficits are still to be noticed concerning our understanding and ability to properly describe these processes consistently over a variety of scales ranging from the local patch to the regional landscape scale. To overcome these deficits, both experimental and modelling activities have to contribute. 2. LITFASS-2003 The LITFASS-2003 experiment was organised within the frame of the EVA_GRIPS project (Mengelkamp et al., this issue) in order to provide a comprehensive data set on land surface and boundary layer processes over a heterogeneous landscape. It took place in the area around the Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg (MOL) of the German Meteorological Service (DWD) between May 19, and June 17, 2003. Energy and water vapour fluxes at different scales have been determined from a combination of ground-based in-situ and remote sensing instruments, and airborne measurements. The measurement program comprised, i.a.: • 13 micrometeorological stations operated over different surfaces representing the major land use types in the area (forest, water, and different types of agricultural farmland: grass, triticale, rape, maize), • large aperture optical scintillometers (LAS) and a microwave scintillometer (MWS) set up along three different paths over distances of 3 to 10 km, • synchronised high-resolution (10 seconds sampling rate) measurements of water vapour and vertical velocity profiles by a Lidar-/RASS-combination, • more than 60 flight hours with a turbulence sonde carried by a Helicopter (the Helipod). The measurement strategy is illustrated in Figure 1. Figure 1. Measurement strategy during the LITFASS-2003 experiment (red circles: micrometeorological stations, red lines: LAS / MWS paths, blue lines: Helipod grid flight pattern) 3. Results Local energy and water vapour flux measurements over the different types of land use showed significant differences which were most pronounced between the major land use classes (forest, low vegetation - farmland, and water). This is illustrated in Figure 2. However, significant differences have also been found between the different types of agricultural farmland. Pronounced flux differences between forest, agriculture, and water have been measured over the whole experiment period as can be seen from Figure 3. Turbulent heat transport over the forest is always much larger than over low vegetation. Evaporation over the forest became comparably high only after rain events with a delay of about one day (e.g., on May 21-22, June 07, June 10).
Page 1 and 2: Fourth Stu
Page 3: Preface The 4 th Study</str
Page 7 and 8: - I - Table of Abstracts Title Auth
Page 9 and 10: - III - Sensitivity in Calculation
Page 11 and 12: - V - Parameter Estimation of the S
Page 13 and 14: - VII - The Realism of the ECHAM5.2
Page 15 and 16: Adam, W. K. .......................
Page 17 and 18: - 1 - Activities of the GEWEX Hydro
Page 19 and 20: eference site archive (Cabauw, Neth
Page 21 and 22: - 5 - Remote Sensing of Atmospheric
Page 23 and 24: minute averages around the satellit
Page 25 and 26: - 9 - Precipitation Type Statistics
Page 27 and 28: - 11 - Assimilation of New Land Sur
Page 29 and 30: Multichannel Microwave Radiometer f
Page 31 and 32: output has been processed in an equ
Page 33 and 34: height dependence of the Z-R-relati
Page 35 and 36: - 19 - CERES and Surface Radiation
Page 37 and 38: - 21 - Coastal Wind Mapping from Sa
Page 39 and 40: - 23 - Clouds and Water Vapor over
Page 41 and 42: - 25 - Broadband Cloud Albedo from
Page 43 and 44: - 27 - Observation of Clouds and Wa
Page 45 and 46: shows a ground-track of the vessel
Page 47 and 48: - 31 - Determination and Comparison
Page 49 and 50: - 33 - Spatial Variability of Snow
Page 51: - 35 - EVA-GRIPS: Regional Evaporat
Page 55 and 56: -39- Calibrated Surface Temperature
Page 57 and 58: - 41 - The Marine Boundary Layer -
Page 59 and 60: - 43 - Characteristics of the Atmos
Page 61 and 62: Figure 2. Surface stress from two d
Page 63 and 64: During the experiment the water was
Page 65 and 66: While the number of smallest drops
Page 67 and 68: SCANDIA will not be supported any l
Page 69 and 70: - 53 - Relationships Between Precip
Page 71 and 72: - 55 - Analysis of the Role of Atmo
Page 73 and 74: - 57 - Meteorological Peculiarities
Page 75 and 76: Baltic Sea Inflow Events Jan Piechu
Page 77 and 78: - 61 - The Different Baltic Inflows
Page 79 and 80: - 63 - Observations of Turbulent Ki
Page 81 and 82: - 65 - The Influence of Synoptic Si
Page 83 and 84: -67- Improved Method for the Determ
Page 85 and 86: -69- The Helicopter-Borne Turbulenc
Page 87 and 88: - 71 - CEOP Reference Site Data fro
Page 89 and 90: - 73 - The BALTEX Hydrological Data
Page 91 and 92: - 75 - Hydrological and Hydrochemic
Page 93 and 94: -77- Sea-level Monitoring at MARNET
Page 95 and 96: 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 GO(CLD-M) ERA40 S
Page 97 and 98: Figure 2. Monhly mean values of lat
Page 99 and 100: In the case of an ideal fit, the co
Page 101 and 102: - 85 - Influence of Atmospheric For
Page 103 and 104:
The largest inter-annual variabilit
Page 105 and 106:
References Andrejev, O, Sokolov, A.
Page 107 and 108:
On the other hand, if the stratific
Page 109 and 110:
Cyberska 1989, Cyberska and Krzymin
Page 111 and 112:
- 95 - Continental-Scale Water-Bala
Page 113 and 114:
- 97 - ICTS (Inter-CSE Transferabil
Page 115 and 116:
The subsurface flow calculation is
Page 117 and 118:
functions only data with higher qua
Page 119 and 120:
- 103 - Modelling the Impact of Ine
Page 121 and 122:
- 105 - Objective Calibration of th
Page 123 and 124:
- 107 - Validation of Boundary Laye
Page 125 and 126:
- 109 - Simulated Dynamical Process
Page 127 and 128:
spreads along isobaths (fig.2). As
Page 129 and 130:
than the precipitation pattern of J
Page 131 and 132:
Figure 2. Long-term variability in
Page 133 and 134:
obvious from temperature charts. Ho
Page 135 and 136:
shortening of the winter seasons by
Page 137 and 138:
Maximum 5 day precipitation (mm) Nu
Page 139 and 140:
scale parameters the correlation be
Page 141 and 142:
similar: the locations of main mini
Page 143 and 144:
- 127 - Storminess on the Western C
Page 145 and 146:
- 129 - Trends in Wind Speed over t
Page 147 and 148:
- 131 - Wind Energy Prognoses for t
Page 149 and 150:
- 133 - Detection of Climate Change
Page 151 and 152:
Figure 3. Cross section of salinity
Page 153 and 154:
of 35 m/s up to 3 hours. Data on wi
Page 155 and 156:
Figure 2. Time series of Mean Sea L
Page 157 and 158:
- 141 - Calculation and Forecast of
Page 159 and 160:
- 143 - An Overview of Long-Term Ti
Page 161 and 162:
- 145 - Baltic Sea Saltwater Inflow
Page 163 and 164:
- 147 - Significance of Feedback in
Page 165 and 166:
Lindström, G., Johansson, B., Pers
Page 167 and 168:
- 151 - Air-Sea Fluxes Including Mo
Page 169 and 170:
- 153 - The Realism of the ECHAM5.2
Page 171 and 172:
- 155 - Figure 3. Accumulated total
Page 173 and 174:
Figure 2. Example for Fourier decom
Page 175 and 176:
Figure1. Modeled percent volume cha
Page 177 and 178:
conditions even more challenging th
Page 179 and 180:
surface heat fluxes close to zero.
Page 181 and 182:
- 165 - Figure 1. Modeled seasonal
Page 183 and 184:
- 167 - Present-Day and Future Prec
Page 185 and 186:
- 169 - Extreme Precipitation on a
Page 187 and 188:
at the stations Pärnu (Estonia) an
Page 189 and 190:
6. Results There are many possible
Page 191 and 192:
and vegetation, and to derive the h
Page 193 and 194:
The structure of water bodies cadas
Page 195 and 196:
Figure 1. The area of Gdańsk subje
Page 197 and 198:
- 181 - Climate and Water Resources
Page 199 and 200:
- 183 - Generating Synthetic Daily
Page 201 and 202:
The evapotranspiration is affected
Page 203 and 204:
Model parameters and coefficients:
Page 205:
3. Hydrodynamic model of nutrient l
Page 208 and 209:
No. 15: Minutes of 8 th Meeting of
show all

Fourth Study Conference on BALTEX Scala Cinema Gudhjem

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?