Industrialised, Integrated, Intelligent sustainable Construction - I3con

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SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION HANDBOOK 2 Hence, the components of a Living Building do not have to be written off as quickly as a conventional building. They may even rise in value, similar to futures that relate to natural resources. An investment in a Living Building may thus be regarded as an inflation-proof investment. 204 Case studies Pilot projects Several construction projects were selected for experimentation with the Living Building Concept, all located in the Netherlands. The most prominent are: • a secondary school in Veenendaal. <strong>Construction</strong> started in May 2009, and is expected to finish in August 2010. • a hospital in Den Helder. A feasibility study is completed, but the project itself has not yet started because of a complication with financing. • a canal and sluice valve complex in the province of Zeeland. This project is planned to start in 2010. As the secondary school is currently the most advanced, more information will be given about it. The idea of applying the Living Building concept to this school emerged when the concept was little more than a rough idea. Hence, there was no clear picture of the process and the contractual implications. M3V, a consultancy firm that advised the client, proposed the idea to the school board and the local government. The running process was traditional, with a design made by an architect, and a bidding, based on lowest initial cost. Just after winning the contract, the selected contractor went bankrupt for reasons that had nothing to do with the concept. A new bidding procedure started, this time covering integrated detailed design, construction, maintenance and vitalization, based on a number of possible scenarios that require future change. The provider that offered the best value/cost ratio was selected. Although the Living Building concept is, by itself, new, there were several construction firms that already offered flexible solutions, and which had an interest in expanding their business by covering extended lifecycle services. Of these, the company Matrix Onderwijshuisvesting, a subsidiary of ASVB holdings, won the competition. Technical aspects The construction method applied is based on standardized and prefabricated concrete elements, for the exterior walls; standardized, prefabricated floor elements; and steel columns. The wall elements are load bearing. Wall elements that face the exterior of the building have holes for windows and have thermal isolation, and wall elements that face the interior are fire resistant. Both the wall elements and the floor elements contain cabling and piping for heating and ventilation. See also Figure 11. The only ‘fixed’ part of the structure is the core, where vertical transportation (elevator, stairs) and ‘wet functions’ (lavatory, kitchen) are concentrated. For the rest, the entire structure is flexible. This means that floors can be added or removed, and that the building can be extended. The light interior walls needed for compartmentation can be placed anywhere on a 30 cm grid.
HANDBOOK 2 SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION load bearing wall elements cladding core Figure 11. Schematic floor plan of one block of rooms, without infill possible extension The cladding, i.e. the visible part of the exterior wall, is mounted on the load bearing wall elements and can be replaced. The building has two blocks of this kind, placed in an angle. The space between these blocks is used as an atrium. In the initial design, the building has four floors, but it is possible to add a few more or to remove some. It is possible to change the function of the building as a whole, or any of its parts, such as a wing or one or two floors. Example designs exist for use as office and even condominiums. Hence, functionality can change. All components and elements are joined with dry connections, and can thus be easily disassembled. The provider estimates that the main structural elements have a lifetime of more than 120 years. The cladding is estimated at 30 years, mainly for reasons of fashion. In other words, every 30 years (or sooner or later, whatever the client wants) the cladding can be replaced by another one, giving the building a more contemporary, ‘new’ appearance. Interior walls are estimated to be moved once every 10 years (on average) and have a lifetime of 30 years. Thanks to the choice of using standardized prefabricated elements and components, the entire building can be erected in slightly more than one year. class rooms atrium class rooms Figure 12. Plan of the school, with two blocks of class rooms. Between these blocks is meeting and circulation space 205
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Industrialised, Integrated, Intelligent sustainable Construction - I3con

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