Industrialised, Integrated, Intelligent sustainable Construction - I3con

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SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION HANDBOOK 2 • Construction materials relates to the selection and use of materials. Sub-indicators were the use of low embodied energy materials, re-use and recycling of materials, and use of components with low volatile organic content. • Construction methods relate to innovative methods and techniques and include internal thermal mass, pre-fabrication and alternative building techniques. • Financial procurement was deemed an indicator not to be ranked but rather a statement of how the dwellings are financially delivered. • Affordable housing in terms of both purchase cost and rental cost as defined by the Department for Families and Communities (SA government). • Dwelling size. Increasing floor areas can unnecessarily reduce affordability and environmental sustainability whereas minimum floor areas are required for health and well-being. Floor area requirements can be specified according to the number of occupants. • Appropriate density was deemed an indicator not to be ranked. Rather, it reflects the suitability of the dwellings to low, medium and high density developments. • Adaptability is used to describe a structure that has been constructed to allow modification at minimum cost, to suit the changing needs of the people in the house. • Social acceptability is defined as the acceptability of a development to the surrounding community. • Desirability of a dwelling refers to how it exceeds the consumers’ expectations. The desirability of a dwelling is typically reflected in its market value and interest from buyers and renters. • Suitability is an overall ranking or score based on the sum of the performance indicators. As the project unfolds these performance indicators will be refined by further consideration of other research and by consultation with key informants. The key informants will include state and local government experts, builders and developers, architects, community housing representatives and affordable housing residents. Consultations will enable contemporary metrics and benchmarks to be developed for each performance indicator and sub-indicator. An example of this is ‘Social acceptability’ which might be measured by a quantification of formal actions (e.g. submissions to a development assessment panel) or informal behaviour (community perception and local responses). The initial conclusions from the research carried out so far show that the indicators for environmental sustainability are quite well developed with substantial knowledge available on measurement and benchmarking of performance. However, it is likely that the benchmarks will need to be raised with time as higher levels of performance become desirable. Whereas the measurement of social sustainability is subject to some interpretation and contemporary indicators will require further development. A comprehensive range of indicators and benchmarks will enable the identification of housing models which can provide affordable and sustainable outcomes across the full range of requirements. An integrated approach to affordable and sustainable housing Learnings from the research suggest how environmental sustainability, housing affordability and social sustainability might converge in conceptual and practical terms to provide meritorious housing. The model in Figure 1 is an illustration of a combined system comprising core sustainability objectives and core objectives of affordable housing. The overlapping areas suggest the thrust of the convergence. 54
HANDBOOK 2 SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION Figure 1. Overview of the convergence of sustainable and affordable housing systems Common areas of convergence are typically in the economic and social components of sustainability, whereas difficulties are encountered in integrating environmental sustainability with affordable housing as environmentally sustainable housing is thought to only be attainable with additional cost. More specifically, mutually supporting objectives of sustainable housing and affordable housing include a focus on economic viability, social acceptability, improving equality and the role of technology in providing innovative solutions. A fully integrated system of affordable and sustainable housing is illustrated in Figure 2 below, where it is proposed that integration will only occur when affordable housing is a secondary objective to achieving truly sustainable housing. Drivers for the Integrated System Figure 2. Overview of integrated sustainable and affordable housing and key drivers 55
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Industrialised, Integrated, Intelligent sustainable Construction - I3con

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