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opponents that he was “getting pretty steamed about the statements coming from Oliver North.”Reagan, mindful of his legacy, remembered why he was getting so angry. “I never instructed himor anyone in my Administration to mislead Congress on Iran-Contra matters or anything else. Icertainly did not know anything about the Iran-Contra diversion. And the private meetings he saidhe had with me just didn’t happen.” 9292“Reagan Getting ‘Steamed’ at North Over Reported Iran-Contra Remarks,” The Los Angeles Times, March 18, 1994.146Security and Defense Studies Review 2010 Fall-Winter Issue / Edicíón Otoño-Invierno 2010 / Edicão Outono-Inverno 2010 / Volume 11
Security Cooperation Between Spain and the AmericasD. Luis Manuel Cuesta CivisThis presentation by the Secretary General for Defense Policy of the Spanish Ministry ofDefense was given at the Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies (CHDS) on January 14,2011.IntroductionIt is a great honor for me to deliver a lecture on “Security cooperation between Spain and theAmericas” at this renowned Education and Research Center, one that brings together outstandingcivilian and military professionals interested on Security and Defense of the Americas and “beyond”(as its Director usually emphasizes in the Center’s interesting publications).Within this shared interest, the purpose of my lecture is to analyze the Spanish Defense Policycontext, making a special emphasis on our bonds with this hemisphere.In particular, I will refer to:• Spain-US relations and our common scenarios of action.• The relations of Spain and Ibero-America.• Contributions to hemispheric security.• Final Conclusions.Spanish Defense PolicyLet my introductory words serve to present before you the framework in which Spain conceives itssecurity and defense.In particular, Spain advocates for treating the issues affecting international peace, security andstability, as well as its own defense, through a system of shared security and collective defense, whilemaintaining its own defense capability.Upon the entry into force of the 1978 Spanish Constitution, and in a progressive manner, Spainhas consolidated its participation in international security and defense organizations, so that today wecan say that we are in the “hard core” of security. This integration, along with the changes undergonein the geopolitical and geostrategic context, has affected, over time, how to conceive our Securityand Defense.Thus, several National Defense Directives were enacted, as well as the 2000 White Paper onDefense, and the 2003 Strategic Review. All of them have served as reference for the preparation ofthe two documents which form the basis of our current defense policy.These are the National Defense Law 5/2005 and the National Defense Directive 1/2008, drawnup within the framework of the Inter-ministerial Commission, examined by the National DefenseCouncil and signed by our President of Government on December 30th, 2008.Subsequently, on May 30th, 2009, the Minister of Defense, Carme Chacón, signed the DefensePolicy Directive 1/2009. This Directive started a new cycle of Defense Planning, set the general linesof action, and provided the specific guidelines so that the competent authorities—the Defense Chiefof Staff (JEMAD), the Secretary of State for Defense (SEDEF) and the Under Secretary of StateSecurity and Defense Studies Review 2010 Fall-Winter Issue / Edicíón Otoño-Invierno 2010 / Edicão Outono-Inverno 2010 / Volume 11 147
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Security and Defense Studies Review
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CommentariesSecurity Cooperation Be
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6Security and Defense Studies Revie
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El espacio de las mujeres en las Fu
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La organización e institucionaliza
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encuentra altamente asociada al cam
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ministerial para la equidad de gén
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BibliografíaBarrancos, Dora (2007)
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Anexo IPaísIncorporación Femenina
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Anexo IIMujeres militares sudameric
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Todo un conjunto de cualidades, cap
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500 y durante la Batalla de Sarand
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miembros de la soberanía de la Nac
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10 de octubre de ese año, la Compa
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algunos barcos de apoyo para alberg
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1.75 metros de altura y como requis
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de producción sustituyendo al homb
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y sicológica, no sólo en los ámb
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La segunda etapa se caracterizó po
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Sin embargo, las preguntas acerca d
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La normativa vinculada con la asign
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conductas que pudieran encuadrarse
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Género en el marco de las Operacio
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ecordar que las ciencias sociales y
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56Security and Defense Studies Revi
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De ese modo nos encontramos con mod
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escala descendente de la oficialida
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del total. Debe destacarse que dent
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BibliografíaCarreiras, H.: Gender
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Tras la aprobación de esta histór
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Una vez aprobada la Resolución 132
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para designar asesores de género e
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firme se ha materializado en la ado
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la construcción de la paz, la reco
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Sin embargo, a medida que avanzaba
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Women on the Front Lines of the Fig
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term even has meaning any longer wi
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following graduation. 15 Of course,
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including members from other Americ
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Solidariedade ou interesse? O que l
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em mais amplo e complexo. 7A possib
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Participação dos Estados-Membros
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Page 108 and 109: ReferênciasAlmeida Pinto, J.R. de;
Page 110 and 111: ______. United Nations Department o
Page 112 and 113: Beyond economic activities, the PRC
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Page 122 and 123: Considering this, we will now go fr
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Page 132 and 133: the Iran-Contra affair, one of the
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Page 158 and 159: hombres (22,288).• Inclusión. Al
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of an integrated Canadian company i
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198Security and Defense Studies Rev
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stated it would rightfully infringe
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First, through an examination of de
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204Security and Defense Studies Rev
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impact on the reader, by acknowledg
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To the Editor:Kevin P. Newmeyer’s
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Whitney Hoft was a Center for Hemis
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The transformation of the role of w
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en Puerto Rico, esta soldada resume
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Deconstruyendo a Ollie: Cómo los c
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Center for Hemispheric Defense Stud
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