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Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê-Rivista Stampa-Dentro International Herald Tribune Monday, February 25, 2002 I de la Prensa-Basm Ozeti • .Any strike on Iraq by u.s. maybe a year away By Walter Pincus and Karen DeYoung 1beWll8hlngton l'o8t WASHINGTON: Despite rhetoric from the Bush administration indicating that a military move against Iraq could be imminent, the military reality is that it could take a year before the United States is ready to launch a coordinated assault likely to destroy Iraq's potential for weapons of mass destruction and replace Saddam Hussein. According to testimony and interviews with senior administration and Pentagon officials, foreign diplomats and nongovernment analysts, depleted arms stocks, demands on ships and aircraft in the Afghan campaign, severe strains on active-duty and reserve forces over the last Cive months, and the need to obtain regional basing and command-center agreements have imposed an unavoidably lengthy delay. Pentagon planners say it will take six months to produce enough joint direct attack munitions, thl: precision systems that guided I,OOO-pound (450-kilogram) bombs to Taliban and Al Qaeda targets, to contemplate an attack on Saddam's Iraq. Despite its tough verbal offensive, and remaining divisions between Pentagon and State Department leaders, sources said, the White House believes that complete success in any campaign against Iraq is far more crucial than the need to act quickly. Beyond the resource demands of the military, conditions inside Iraq and the surrounding region are still far from optimal. And much of the rest of the wQrld, including countries whose support is seen as critical, remains skeptical or openly hostile to a direct attack. In recognition of these realities, the administration has developed a strategy of short- and long-term actions designed to ensure that all made things worse. the elements it sees as necessary Even as they acknowledge the truth for success eventually will con- of these complaints, U.S. officials are verge sometimes exasperated. . f h ... 1 '1' Many 0 t e Initia ml Itary "Cheney wants to hear them out, and steps are well under way, based on tell them what's going on," said a senior a working assumption that an at- officiaL But such discussions, he said, tack would begin with a massive "are always a challenge. If we say we air assault on Iraqi anti-aircraft want to listen to what they think, they defenses and known weapons accuse us of having no plan. If we give sites, ideally guided by friendly forces on the ground. This would them a plan, they complain consult them." we never be followed by the entry of major Cheney's hosts are likely to point out units of U.S. troops, equipped to the absence in the administration's planwithstand chemical or biological ning of any clear idea of what would reweapons attacks. "Our objectives in Iraq can only place the Saddam regime. The White House has instructed a long-skeptical be met with forces on the ground," State Department and CIA to ste~ up said an official inside the Pentagon with long experience on policy contacts with leading Iraqi OPPOSition groups. and planning issues. "We can't inspect So far, that effort has proceeded on a chemical weapons facilities from the somewhat less energetic timetable than air." In addition to accelerated weapons other aspects of the strategy. The expatriate-led Iraqi National production, planners are immersed in Congress, the Kurds in northern Iraq assessing manpower and equipment and the Shiite population in the south and basing needs, factoring in variables are nominally allied under a broad opincluding the Afghan operation and the.. position umbrella. But Kurdish spokespossibility that new cnses, at home or men have said in recent weeks that they ln Rlaces such as the Middle East; the are reluctant to signing on to a U.S.plan Philippines and Colombia, could divert without absolute assurance of suceess, attention and resources. and that no one has yet asked them to. On the diplomatic front, the adminis- The head of the London office of the Sutration is workin~ with Russia and other preme Council of the Islamic Revolution Security Councll members to adjust ln Iraq, the only credible armed group United Nations sanctions to mute crit- among southern Shiites, said that nothicism that they are too harmful to the ing had changed in their arms-length re- Iraqi people. It is also orchestrating in- lationship with the United States. creased pressure on Saddam to comply Although a long-testy relationship with a range of UN resolutions, includ- between the Iraqi National Congress ing allowing UN inspectors to examine and the State Department has improved suspected chemical, biological and nu- in recent weeks, the administration has clear weapons sites. continued to reject the group's de- The assumption is that either Saddam mands for military training and money will acquiesce, something the adminis- to begin operations inside Iraq. Both tration views as unlikely, or his contin- U.S. and Iraqi National Congress offiued refusal will help convince the world cials, however, said that a conference of that peaceful options have been ex- former Iraqi military officers livi~ in hausted. Vice President Dick Cheney's tour of exile, planned for March in Washlngton, was a sign of progress. 11countries in the region next month is Meanwhile, the CIA has continued designed so that he can listen to the its long-term covert operations to unconcerns of government leaders, assure dermine Saddam and foment a coup them that no precipitous action will be from inside the military, a plan agency taken, demonstrate that the United officials say is enhanced by increased States is putting in place a comprehen- UN pressure combined with the ongosive, workable plan and ask their advice and assistance while emphasizing the ing buildup of U.S. forces in the area. seriousness of U.S. intent. Virtually every country in the region has publicly opposed a U.S. militaryat. tack on Iraq. Their leaders say privately they would be happy to wake up one morning and find Saddam gone. But many recall that they have been recruited into past, half-hearted U.s. efforts that not only left him in place, but 95
Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê-Rivista Stampa-Dentro de la Prensa-Baszn Özeti la Turquie perd sa Mère Courage • france armenie numero 219 février 2002 . , ,L'éditrice turque Ayché Nour Zarakolu est décédée le 28 janvier, emportée par un cancer à l'âge de 56 ans. Après avoir surmonté bien des épreuves, cette femme d'exception a été ;j vaincue par la maladie: elle laisse un grand vide dans le petit monde des intellectuels . turcs qui ont fait de la défense des droits des minorités leur combat quotidien. Fondatrice avec. son époux Ragip de l'Association des droits de l'Homme de Thrquie, Ayehé Nour Zarakolu ouvre sa maison d'édition dès sa sortie de l'Université. Au travers de plus de 400 titres, elle luttera pour faire connaître la vérité en lUrquie, que ce soit sur les persécutions subies par les Kurdes d'Anatolie ces dernières années, ou sur le sort réservé aux Arméniens au début du 20'"'' siècle. C'est ainsi que sera publié par les époux Zarakolu la. traduction en langue turque de l'ouvrage de Franz Werfel, "Les40 joursdu Moussa Dagh". Cette initiative unique en Thrquie sera suivie au milieu des années 90 d'un pari encore plus audacieux : éditer le premier livre en turc sur le génocide arménien. Ce sera "Les Arméniens,histoired'wigénocide"d'Yves Ternan, qui sera publié sous un titre ô combien évocateur : "Letabouarménien".Ce livre toujours interdit en Thrquie, vaudra à Ayché Nour Zarakolu un nouveau séjour en prison, où son combat en faveur des minorités la conduira plusieurs fois. Là elle connaîtra les pires traitements, "sansque cesmesuresn'entamentsonopiniâtrevolonté" rappelle la FRA Dashnaktsoutioun-Europe Occidentale, qui salue la mémoire de cette femme d'exception. Un hommage partagé par l'ADL-Ramgavar, qui rappelle "la bravoure"dont a fait preuve Ayché Nour Zarakolu "en soutenantenTurquiela causedes opprimés".Pour l'UCFAF, "c'estavecdesfemmeset des hommesdesa trempequela Turquieconnaîtraun jour la démocratie". Celle que les médias' français avait surnommé "la Mère Courage lurque" avait noué des liens étroits avec le président du CRDA, lors de sa venue en France avec son époux et dans le cadre de conférences organisées notamment en Allemagne. "Cetleenfantd'Anatolie,Turqued'origine, a sauvépar soncouragel'honneuret la consciencedeson peuple" estime Jean-Claude Kebadjian. "Maispas celuidesonpays quirefusela reconnaissanceofficielledu crimepassé" déplore~t-il. Ayché Nour Zarakolu faisait partie de cette petite frange de l'intelligentsia turque qui esti- .me qu'admettre la vérité rend plus fort, et que pour avancer et progresser un peuple a besoin d'être en paix avec son passé. Son engagement en faveur de la mémoire arménienne, les risques qu'elle prendra pour faire connaître au plus grand nombre la réalité du génOcide, n'auront peut-être pas 'été appréciés à leur juste valeur par la diaspora, peu habituée aùx gestes de bonne volonté eri provenance de Thrquie. Les .livres édités par Ayché Nour Zarakolu ont pourtant incontestablement ouvert une brèche et depuis les initiatives en faveur du dialogue arméno-turc se sont multipliées. Et comme un din d'œil à son engagement, ses obsèques ont eu lieu le 1" février dans la mos- Ayché Nour Zorokofu près de son mari Ragip quée située juste en face de l'Hôpital arménien Sourp Perguilch d'Istanbul. e NATACHA ZORTIAN Message de Jean-Paul Bret, Député-Maire de Villeurbanne A l'occasion du 5(l"" anniversaire de la Déclaration universelle des droits de l'Homme. je l'avais reçue à l'Assemblée nationale en compagnie de san mari, Ragip, militant comme elle. Je me souviendrai longtemps de la réunion que j'avais organisée dans l'enceinte du palais Bourbon entre des représentants de la communauté arménÎenne de France et Ayché Nour et Ragip Zarakalu, couple courageux, engagé sur le territoire turc pour la reconnaissance du génocide arménien. J'avais eu le sentiment de vivre un temps hors du commun marqué par l'amitié, l'espoir, la simplicité des échanges, l'humilité de cette femme et de cet homme pas comme les autres. Nous perdons aujourd'hui un compagnon d'espérances. 96
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