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Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê-Rivista Stampa-Dentro de la Prensa-Bastn Özeti By James Risen New York TimLS Serviu WASHINGTON - The Central Intelligence Agency has no ~vidence .that Iraq has engaged in terronst operatIOns agamst the United States in nearly a decade and the spy agency also is convinced' that Saddam Hussein has not provided chemical or biological weapons to Al Q8eda or related terro~st groups, according to several U;S. m- telligence officials. . American intelligence officials said they believe the last terrorist operation by Iraq against the United .States was a botched attempt to assassmate former President George Bush during his 1993 visit to Kuwait. That plot was disrupted before it could be launched, and U.S. intelligence officials believe Mr. S.addam has been reluctant to use terronsm 'Sincethen for fear of being detected. George Tenet, the CIA director, is scheduled to testify Wednesday before the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence about the global threats facing the United States. During his appearance, his first before Congress smce Sept. II, Mr. Tenet is likely to be asked a'?out a w~der~ge of terrorism-related Issues, 10cludmg Iraq. [On a related issue, Secretary of State Colin Powell said Tuesday that Iraq's overture to the United Nations to resume talks should be limited to the country's refusal to allow the return of UN weapons inspectors, The Associated Press reported from Washington. ["It should be a very short di!icussian," Mr. Powell said of the UN's announcement Monday that the secretary-general, ~ofi Annan, w,~uld ~- ceive a delegation from Iraq. The 10- spectors have to go back."] . Since Sept. II, there has been Widespread speculation about possible Iraqi links to the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, based largely on reports of a meeting in Prague between Mohamed Atta, who is believed to have been the leader of the Sept. Il hijack teams, and an Iraqi intelligence officer. The intelligence reports about that meeting have been the subject of intense analysis and debate within the U.S. intelligence community, and some officials have questioned whether the meeting took place at all. Now senior U.S. intelligence officials have concluded that the meeting between Mr. Atta and the Iraqi officer, Ahmed Khalil Samir al-Ani, did occur, but they say that they do not know ~h~t was discussed and they do not beheve the meeting itself is enough evidence to tie Iraq to the Sept. Il attacks. Some experts say that, even if Iraq were somehow involved in Sept. II, Mr. Saddam never would bave entrusted such a sensitive mattçt. to a mid-level intelligence officer like'.Mr. al-Ani. U.S. intelligence officials said they believed that Iraqi intelligence now focuses most of its resources on helping to evade and violate the trade and economic sanctions that have been imposed on the regime since the GulfWar. The officials also said that their greatest concern about Iraq is its continuing development of chemical and biological weapons, covert programs that have resumed since UN weapons inspectors left the country in 1998. They said that Mr. Saddam believes weapons of mass destruction would give him greater influence in the region and would deterthe United States and its allies from another military attack. A CIA report released last week noted that Iraq probably is also continuing a low-level program on nuclear weapons research, but its inability to obtain enough material capable of fission is the biggest' obstacle to Baghdad's nuclear aspirations. the major threat to the United States from Iraqi efforts to develop weapons of mass destruction would come instead from Iraq' s parallel efforts to develop long-ran~e missiles, which could be tipped With chemical or biological warheads, the CIA believes. In his State of the Union Address last week, President George W. Bush described Iraq, Iran and North Korea as an "axis of evil" that the United States must confront to maintain global stability. Mr. Bush also said Iraq "continues to flaunt its hostility toward America and to support terror," but the section of his speech devoted to Iraq focused primarily on Baghdad's efforts to develop weapons of mass destruction. Some U.S. intelligence officials say that the Bush administration does not have enough evidence of Iraqi complicity in terrorism to justify makin~ Iraq the next target in ~e war on terronsm. To be sure, there ,bave been signs in recent years that Mr. Saddam might consider terrorism as a tool against the United States in the long-running duel between the two countries over the suspected chemical and biological weapons sites in Iraq. In 1998, American and Middle Eastern intelligence agencies discovered that Abu Nidal, the Palestinian who was one of the most feared terrorists of the 1970s and early 1980s, had moved from Libya to Baghdad. Mr. Nidal had been ousted from his previous haven because its leader, Colonel Moammar Gadhafi, had decided to cut his ties to terrorists to bring an end to international sanctions. But Mr. Nidal does not appear to have engaged in any anti-Amencan operations since his arrival in Iraq, and it is possible that he actually has ended his terrorism care.er, officials said. • PoweU Presses for UN's Return Secretary Powell said UN weapons inspectors should return to Iraq because Mr. Saddam must demonstrate that he is not trying to develop weapons of mass destruction, the Associated Press reported İnspectors left Iraq in 1998 and have been barred from returning. The UN said Monday that Amr Moussa, the secretary-general of the Arab League who recently visited Baghdad, had told the UN secretary-general, Mr. Annan, that Iraq would resume talks wit}tout any special conditions. Mr. Annan responded that he was prepared to receive a delegation from Iraq. But the UN gave no indication whether the Iraqi government was willing to discuss the return of the UN's inspectors. Diplomats at the United Nations told The New York Times that the offer relayed by Mr. Moussa had all the hallmarks of an attempt by Mr. Saddam to build up international opposition to an 'American attack. . They noted that Mr. Saddam made a similar offer more than a year ago, when sanctions against Iraq were being discussed and his officials came to the UN with stacks of documents purporting to proye that Baghdad was in compliance with UN resolutions. Mr. Powell, speaking before the Sen- ~te Foreign Relations Committee, said that Iraq should not hesitate to admit the inspectors if it were not developing weapons of mlll!sdestruction. But Mr. Moussa, speaking to reporters Tuesday in Washington, said all issues - not just the return of the inspectors - should be on the table. Mr. Moussa refused to say whether he believed a breakthrough could be reached, but said, "The conditions under which the Iraqi people live also need a fresh look." FEBRUARY 6, 2002 27
th Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê-Rivista Stampa-Dentro de la Prensa-Basm Özeti - . Le FMI 'accorde 16milliards -de -dollars- à ,la- Turquie WASHINGTON. La Turquie s'est vu accorder, lundi 4 février, par le Fonds monétaire international (FMI)un prêt de 16milliards de dollars (près de 17,8milliards d'euros) sur trois ans, censé l'aider à faire face à la plus grave crise économique de son histoire. Ce prêt, qui s'ajoute ûmonc1e MERCREDI 6 F~VRIER 2002 aux 20 milliards de dollars reçus par Ankara depuis 1999, facilitera le remboursement de la dette (équivalent à 100% du produit intérieur brut) dans un contexte où la-livreturque a perdu SO % de sa valeur et où l'inflation croit, Confrontée en 2002 à un remboursement de 5,6 milliards de dollars au FMI,la Turquie recevra prochainement 9 milliardsde dollars sur la nouvelle ligne de crédit. Cet accord entre la Turquie et l'institution financière internationale est le dix-huitième du genre. - (Bloomberg.) Remove Saddam? The Chore Would Have to Be Well Done By David M.Malone ,NEW YORK - On the mar- overthrow Saddam Hussein. 'trade of Middle East oil for U.S. gm's OfthI'Spast weekend' s There was also no pIan on how weapons. That arrangement, China oppose the United States Wörld Economic Forum meet- to hold the' country together, turned out to provide a fertile in this venture? Probably not. ing, geostrategic chat focused after his fall. breeding e,nvironment for Al on Pres'dent G W B h' US li ak & ared' t The writer, on leavefirom the 1 eorge. us s . .'po cym ers le a Qaeda supporters. Jan . 29 re&erence l' t ... f 'thB hdad' b k Canadian Foreign Servlce, is 0 an axIS 0 WI ag s power ro en, a The Bush administration eVI'I" . ' l' Ir Ir d K d' h tate Id president 01' mvo vmg aq, an an new' ur IS s wou now seems quietly committed ~ the International North Korea The tr ' h t ' . th 'rth thre t . PeaceAcademy inNew York. He . song r e - emerge mena, a cnmg to finishing off Saddam Husonc . proV.I -- 'd es Ir aq WI 'th too T ur k ey WI .th irred entist . c l' aIffiS, sein, although this WI'11be dI'fh company. aI ong' WI contributed this comment to the muc 'th a, Shi' Ite state m . th e ficult. U.S. allies, including Bri- International Herald Tribune. Washington is irritated by' south closely allied with Iran tain, are queasy at the prospect, Iran' s involvement in a recent' and possibly threatening the fearing an upheaval in the Arab shipment of weapons appar- Gulf emirates; Saudi Arabia and world. Arab governments ently destined for Palestinian U.S. oil interesto;.' worry that Am~rica will again fighters, imd concerned at Iran's Instead, a' Pollcy of forced leave the job half done. Large mixed signals on Afghanistan. ,disarmament was imposed on 'sections of the Pentagon are not' Iran is thought to have main- Iraq, monitored by United Na- keen on the militarily daunting tained chemical weapon capa- tions personnel and buttressed task of invading Iraq. , cities since'lraq attacked it in by severe economic sanctions. ,U.S.generalsknowthatwhilc the early 1980s, and with RUS-Washington, London and Paris air attacks can severely weaken sian help it is building nuclear establishedno-flight zones over Iraqi military capabilities, only reactors. , northern and southern Iraq. The ground action can remove Sad- But with a power struggle United Nations was successful dam Hussein. Having failed to under way between theocratic at uncovering some Iraqi wea- support a Shiite rebellion that it .~ard-liners and reformers, Iran pons sites. had encouraged in southern Iraq hardly st:éins lost, yet, to the However, the sanctions re- in 1991, the United States canforces of evil. ' gime gradually lost the support not count on significant internal North 'Korea, under a Stalin- of most countries, while the help in any military campaign. ist regime of the worst sort, ne- Clinton administration vacil- Iraqi opposition groups in exile gotiated a deal with the United 1ated over possible responses to are widely seen in the Middle States in 1994 under which it the end of Iraqi cooperation East as a bad joke, . . would freeze its plutonium de- with UN inspectors in1998. What is to be done? A surevelopmentin . exchange for The Sept. Il terrorist attacks fIre military strategy, relying at Western assistance with its en-have changed the prism through worst on active British and ergy sector. It does not, for the which Washington views Iraq. Turkish support only, will need time being, seem likely to test America's beliefin its own mil- to be developed. Arab regimes Washington's resolve to defend itary capabilities has been re- must be convinced that Wash- South Korea and Japan. inforced, with a new generation ington will not fail. To limit Iraq, on the'other hand, is a ofweapons proving highly ef- Arab street solidarity with major and pressing concern ID fective. ill-Afghanistan: the. Baghdad, the current spiral of Washington. No links have yet United States constructed a violence between Palestinians been established between broad coalition of political suP- and Israelis will need to be , Baghdad and thé Al Qaeda ter- ,port around the world, not least broken. The outlines of a new rorist network, but Iraq has ~n because its seriousness of pur- Iraqi government, possibly'feddefying the international com- pose was clear.. eraI in nature, should be worked munit y for many years, and the Disappointment over the un- out in advance to avoid frag- Bush administration believes willingness of Arab govern- mentation of the country. that Saddam Hussein has been ments assertively to counteract Saddam has recently signaled using this,. tme to develop the theocratic propaganda of that he is open to negotiations 'w~apons of mass destruction. Osama bin Laden and other ex- on the return of UN inspectors .. . A decade ago, when Wash- tremists now runs very deep in He is clearly aware of the ington decided at the end of the the United, States. A sense exi~ts danger that his regime faces. Gulf Warin defense of Kuwait that Amenca cannot return WIth If they were sure that Amernot to pursue the fleeing iraqI its e~stw~ile Arab .partners to ica would achieve its objective army to Baghdad, the decision the SItuatIon that eXI.stedbefore of eliminating Saddam Husseemed a wise one. There was Sept. Il - a cymcal co-de- sein, would Arab governments, no United Nations mandate to pendency resting mostlyon European allies, Russia and 28
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