Hall marks on gold & silver plate

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DATK. 122 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. Table showing the alterations English coins and plate have undergone with respect to weight and fineness, from the reign of William the Conqueror to that of Victoria : MONEY. PLATE.
THE STANDARD. 123 lion" for the first time added as a standard mark. The Majesty's second change occurred in 1560. Up to that date the escutcheon or encircling- line had taken the form of the date letter; but in the second year of the glorious reign of Queen Elizabeth, when the purity of the coinage was restored to the old standard, for gold of 22 karats, and for silver 11 oz. 2 dwts., a change was made by the Goldsmiths' Company, and the letters were henceforward enclosed in a regular heraldic shield, commencing on Old Christmas Day, viz., January 6, 1561, with the letter D, as shown in our tables. The system of both gold and silver being standard measures of value, which they were m virtue of each being a legal tender to any amount, was the source of much disorder; for, as their market prices were always subject to variation, one kind of coin had a constant tendency to drive the other out of circulation. To remedy this great inconvenience, our present monetary system was established fixing gold as the standard. By "The Coinage Act, 1870" (33 Victoria, Chapter 10), it was enacted that, a tender of payment of money, shall be a legal tender In the case of gold coins for a payment of any amount. In the case of silver coins for a payment not exceeding forty shillings, but for no greater amount. In the case of bronze coins for a payment of an amount not exceeding one shilling, but for no greater amount. Besides this standard fineness of coins, there is also a legal weight, fixed according to the Mint regulation, or rate of coinage of each country. Thus in England twenty pound's weight troy of standard gold is coined into 934 sovereigns, and one ten shillingpiece, and a pound of standard silver into 66 shillings, with divisions and multiples in proportion; and hence the Mint price of standard gold is ^ 17s. io|d. per ounce, and that of standard silver 66 pence per ounce. The silver coins in circulation are considered only as tokens payable by the Government, and pass for more than their metallic value as compared with gold. Precaution is taken that it shall not be worth while to melt the silver coin into bullion, and it is so nearly worth its current value that imitation would not be ventured, on so small a profit. The Government will always receive back its tokens, however worn they may be, provided they be not wilfully defaced or fraudulently reduced. But gold, being the sole standard measure of value, and legal tender of payment, circulates as a commodity ; and hence the necessity of Government receiving it at value on its return to the Mint, and making a deduction for loss of weight when the same exceeds the remedy of the Mint. The wear and tear of the gold coinage is such, that very nearly three per cent of the whole circulation goes out annually; and the quantity which will suffice to throw a sovereign out of circulation is i^^ parts, or about one-fourth of a grain. (Woolhouse.)
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f; M M : K ^/t:k-,/' > -iALL- Marks
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THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CA
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Mr. WilliaiD Chaffers' Works Chaffe
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HALL MARKS ON GOLD & SILVER PLATE I
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Opus quale sit, ignis probabit." 1
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PREFACE TO TENTH EDITION. vii Many
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PREFACE TO SIXTH EDITION. ix J. H.
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PREFACE TO SIXTH EDITION. xi supply
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XIV HALL MARKS ON PLATE. Extracts f
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XVI HALL MARKS ON PLATE. Ireland. c
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INTRODUCTION. " Money spent in the
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INTRODUCTION. xxi well-known bas-re
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INTRODUCTION. xxiii trace of the ol
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INTRODUCTION. xxv fyll a varyaunce
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INTRODUCTION. xxvii Coventry were e
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INTRODUCTION. xxix Again, at the Co
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INTRODUCTION. xxxi was restored in
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INTRODUCTION. xxxiii Type F. circa
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INTRODUCTION. xxxv double roses and
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INTRODUCTION. xxxvJi The bowl of th
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INTRODUCTION. xxxix CHRISTENING BOW
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INTRODUCTION. xli dove on a cross a
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INTRODUCTION. xliii jurisdiction, b
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INTRODUCTION. xlv Another of Sir A.
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Silver Gilt Standing Cup. Date i6og
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xlviii INTRODUCTION. " This Cupp wa
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1 INTRODUCTION. in. 1525-6, was giv
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li INTRODUCTION. arabesque work rou
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liv INTRODUCTION. ^^ Staniintg Salt
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Ivi INTRODUCTION. Other examples ha
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Iviii INTRODUCTION. A candlestick a
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ENGLISH GOLD AND SILVER SMITHS.
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2 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. but Dunstan
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4 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. A.D. 849-901
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6 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. works in the
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8 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. justices ass
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10 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. Nicholas de
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12 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. Hessey, gol
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14 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. 1403. The f
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i6 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. 1452. Sir H
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1 8 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. ally allow
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20 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. 1509. Pielr
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22 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. at the sign
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24 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. fifthly, to
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26 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. In the Gold
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28 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. 1588-9 and
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30 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. 1600. Dame
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32 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. William Jac
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34 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. i(i^o. Robe
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36 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. much as ^^2
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38 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. credit, as
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40 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. 1670. Josep
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42 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. John Mawson
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44 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. London upon
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46 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. 1690. Georg
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48 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. in 1722, an
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50 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. 1701. In 17
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52 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. 2 dwt., wou
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54 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. short inter
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56 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. that the fa
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58 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. 1747. Sir W
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(X) HALL MARKS ON PLATE. 1780. Riin
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62 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. ISH Crowned
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m^ JKarks on Plate AND TAXATION OF
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66 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. 1696. 8 and
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0):tracts from Statutes, rlitranrts
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70 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. GOLDSMITHS'
Page 144 and 145: 72 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. In 1359 one
Page 146 and 147: 74 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. EXPORTS FOR
Page 148 and 149: 6 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. merit. (3) A
Page 150 and 151: ;8 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. silver, of
Page 152 and 153: 8o HALL MARKS ON PLATE. " II. Nor t
Page 154 and 155: 82 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. all which F
Page 156 and 157: 84 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. who exercis
Page 158 and 159: 86 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. or more tha
Page 160 and 161: 88 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. first two l
Page 162 and 163: 90 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. Sect. 4. Th
Page 164 and 165: 92 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. watch cases
Page 166 and 167: 94 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. Plate shall
Page 168 and 169: 96 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. Small or Sl
Page 170 and 171: 9S HALL MARKS ON PLATE. two ounces
Page 172 and 173: 100 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. By the sam
Page 174 and 175: 102 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. of Great B
Page 176 and 177: 104 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. changed, o
Page 178 and 179: io6 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. REDUCED ST
Page 180 and 181: io8 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. A.D. i8;o.
Page 182 and 183: HO HALL MARKS ON PLATE. A.D. 1876.
Page 184 and 185: 112 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. your Commi
Page 186 and 187: 114 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. That Parli
Page 188 and 189: ii6 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. was wrough
Page 190 and 191: QTijt Stauiiarif. The English sterl
Page 192 and 193: 120 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. The value
Page 196 and 197: 124 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. Mr. Freema
Page 198 and 199: 126 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. its French
Page 200 and 201: 128 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. 'The Imper
Page 202 and 203: no HALL MARKS ON PLATE. ounce troy
Page 204 and 205: 132 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. The assay
Page 206 and 207: 134 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. sorts of f
Page 208 and 209: 136 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. Assayers'
Page 210 and 211: 138 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. ;63,826 7s
Page 212 and 213: 140 HALL MARKS ON PLATE, Indian and
Page 214 and 215: CJjt lilts- A.D. 17 19. 6 George I.
Page 216 and 217: 144 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. ished, but
Page 218 and 219: 146 00 pi w K*^ 00 K < o ^ ^ a: P5S
Page 220 and 221: 148 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. EXTRACT FR
Page 222 and 223: I50 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. The oath t
Page 224 and 225: 152 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. of manufac
Page 226 and 227: 154 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. and rules
Page 228 and 229: 156 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. it must no
Page 230 and 231: 158 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. " The Gold
Page 232 and 233: i6o HALL MARKS ON PLATE. limit were
Page 235 and 236: TABLE OF MARKS.
Page 237 and 238: Table of Marks used in 1701-2 at th
Page 239 and 240: 0nglauir, By far the most important
Page 241 and 242: shield. THE LEOPARD'S HEAD. 169 Aft
Page 243 and 244: lliE STANDARD MARK. 171 Cycles 14 a
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DUTY MARK 173 In 1896 a new form of
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MARK FOR FOREIGN PLATE. 1/5 Under t
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CYCLE 1. LOMBABDIC EDWARD IV., RICH
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FOTJE Marks. 1. Lropard's Hcnd. cr.
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CYCLE 2 0. LONDON ASSAY OFFICE LETT
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BATE. CHRONOLOGICAL LIST. 183 cuspc
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CHRONOLOGICAL LIST. 187 Cycle IV. M
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CHRONOLOGICAL LIST. 189 1571. 0. 57
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CHRONOLOGICAL LIST. 191 1594. R. 57
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CHRONOLOGICAL LIST. 193 1616. T. Di
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CHRONOLOGICAL LIST. 195 1648. L. Sp
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CHRONOLOGICAL LIST. 197 1683. f. 58
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CHRONOLOGICAL LIST. 199 17 1 3. S.
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CHRONOLOGICAL LIST. 201 1743. h. 59
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i;;2 1772 1772 ^773 U73 1774 1774 1
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LONDON GOLD AND SILVER SMITHS.
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208 MAKER'S MARK. W above curved li
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2IO HALL MARKS ON PLATE. MAKER S MA
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212 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. maker's -M
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214 MAKEU S MAKK. R P separated by
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2l6 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. MAKER S MA
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2i; HALL MARKS ON PLATE. MAKER S MA
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220 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. MAKER'S MA
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222 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. MAKER S MA
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224 MAKER S MA15K. G G a column bet
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228 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. makeb's ma
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230 MAKER S MARK. T H above star. I
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232 maker's mark. Capital letter S
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234 MAKER S MARK. M ill dotted circ
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2^6 MAKER S MARK. T I escallop shel
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238 MAKER S MARK. R I iji dotted ci
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240 MAKER S MA1!K. DATE. I 8 in mon
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242 MAKER S MARK. B O with mitre ab
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244 maker's mark. 1 N 1700 G O crow
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46 MAKEK S MABK. J a. in shaped shi
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248 MAKER S M.VHK. S L beneatli glo
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250 MAKER S MARK. DATE. PL crowned
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2'>2 MAKEK S MAKK. L O ill monogram
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'54 MAKER 8 MARK. P E in plain shie
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256 maker's mark. R B beneath annul
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2';8 maker's mask. R B script lette
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26o HALL MARKS ON PLATE. MAKEK S MA
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264 MAKER S 3VURK. I P FW beneath f
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268 HALL MARKS ON PLATE maker's, ma
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2/0 maker's MABK. HALL MARKS ON PLA
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PROVINCIAL ASSAY OFFICES.
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2/6 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. BIRMINGHAM
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2/8 And for silver : HALL MARKS ON
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BIRMINGHAM ASSAY OFFICE LETTERS.
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CHESTER ASSAY OFFICE. 283 CHESTER.
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Chester Assay Office. Old Copper Pl
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286 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. Chester wa
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CYCLE 1. Black Lkttkr Capitals. CHA
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290 CYCLE 11. Roman Capitals. (3 m
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292 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. we may wit
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294 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. A brown mo
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296 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. May 8, 170
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EXETER ASSAY OFFICE LETTERS.
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304 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. Split head
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3o6 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. erville. H
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310 (D HALL MARKS ON PLATE. EXAMPLE
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312 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. burgesses
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314 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. able, and
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3i6 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. The assay
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m I ra SHEFFIELD ASSAY OFFICE LETTE
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YORK. 321 of the maker, a half rose
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Scotlautr. EXTRACTS FROM STATUTES A
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SCOTLAND. 325 to melt any gold or s
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SCOTLAND. 327 SALE OF PLATE PROHIBI
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VIZ. : SCOTLAND. 329 GOLD AND SILVE
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EDINBURGH. 331 III. THE DATE MARK.
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EDINBURGH ASSAY OFFICE LETTERS.
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EDINBURGH. 337 The preceding Table
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EDINBURGH MARKS. 339 i^^ K^DI S HG
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ell. GLASGOW. 341 2. The Ha
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GLASGOW ASSAY OFFICE LETTERS.
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346 mm (#) M iMgfOl 7M] fs HALL MAR
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3^8 iBAl [IAI H rBANFl (D( mm(i) m
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350 ai^si m HALL MARKS ON PLATE. EX
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352 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. "Burke's G
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354 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. DUTY IMPOS
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356 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. FOREIGN PL
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358 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. The maker'
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36o HALL MARKS ON PLATE. III. THE D
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362 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. The assay
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CYCLE 5. Black Litter Capitals. DUB
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DUBLIN MARKS. 367 EXAMPLES. Two Tan
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LIST OF IRISH PLATE. 369 DATE. MAKE
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DATE. LIST OF IRISH PLATE. 371
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374 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. AUTHORITIE
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3;6 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. CRIPPS, W.
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3;8 Gardner, J. Starkie. HALL MARKS
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38o HALL MARKS ON PLATE. LUTHMER, F
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382 HALL MARKS ON PLATE. Redman, W.
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A, mark, 209, 218, 228, 237. A B ma
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Cameron, , goldsmith, 348. Campbell
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Fox, J., goldsmith, 28. , M., golds
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L, mark, 269. LA, mark, 244-6, 252,
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Reade, Sir B., goldsmith, 19. , J.,
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AVard, J., goldsmith, 242. , R., go
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Thirteenth Edition, entirely re-set
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4 Handsome Library Edition. 4 Vols.
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MR. WILLIAM CHAFFERS' WORKS. ChafiE
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8 Investigation into the Cause o! t
Page 484:
if { 'r^^-T^
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