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Figure 5.75: The fringe <strong>of</strong> figures surrounding the two Athribis<br />

<strong>zodiacs</strong> with other symbols made dim.<br />

(8) A two-headed cobra with upright fore body (both heads<br />

on the same side) (see Figures 5.73 and 5.74 (EM) and<br />

(EB)).<br />

We conclude this section with a picture <strong>of</strong> the fringe surrounding<br />

the two Athribis <strong>zodiacs</strong> (see Figure 5.75). This encircling<br />

arrangement <strong>of</strong> the figures is composed mainly <strong>of</strong> the<br />

equinox and solstice symbols described above. For example,<br />

there are several sequences <strong>of</strong> snakes, which usually occur at<br />

the spring equinox points. There are also two entwined snakes<br />

— a symbol <strong>of</strong> the equinox point (the most probably the autumn<br />

one), and a cobra on a small podium representing the<br />

summer solstice. The bottom part <strong>of</strong> the fringe is a partial<br />

horoscope <strong>of</strong> the summer solstice that we have discussed in<br />

subsection 5.5.3. Directly beneath, there is a symbolic scene,<br />

which will be discussed in the next section.<br />

5.9 Supplementary Astronomical Symbols on Egyptian Zodiacs 125<br />

5.9 Supplementary Astronomical<br />

Symbols on Egyptian Zodiacs<br />

On the Egyptian <strong>zodiacs</strong>, beside the symbols <strong>of</strong> the main and<br />

the partial horoscopes, constellations figures and the symbols<br />

<strong>of</strong> the solstice and equinox points, there are sometimes present<br />

other additional symbols or even symbolic scenes with definite<br />

astronomical meaning. In this section we describe some<br />

<strong>of</strong> them, for which we were able to understand at leasttheir<br />

meaning at least partially. Let us point out that only few<br />

such symbols can be found on the Egyptian <strong>zodiacs</strong> and most<br />

<strong>of</strong> them do not contain any significant information for the<br />

dating, but there are some exceptions. Nevertheless, understanding<br />

the meaning <strong>of</strong> these symbols is important for the<br />

decoding process <strong>of</strong> the general astronomical chart shown on<br />

a zodiac.<br />

It is intriguing that one particular astronomical event<br />

found a special place on the Egyptian <strong>zodiacs</strong>. This was the<br />

first spring full-moon. In the medieval Christian tradition the<br />

date <strong>of</strong> Easter was calculated using the concept <strong>of</strong> so-called<br />

paschal moon, which is the first full moon that occurs after<br />

the spring equinox. The same concept <strong>of</strong> the paschal moon,<br />

but with different rules, were used in the Jewish tradition to<br />

determine the date <strong>of</strong> Passover. According to the conventional<br />

chronology the paschal moon has nothing to do with the ancient<br />

Egyptian tradition, however it is sometimes represented<br />

on the Egyptian <strong>zodiacs</strong>. Moreover, in some cases, this representation<br />

clearly indicates a strong link with the Christian<br />

Easter.<br />

Figure 5.76: A representation <strong>of</strong> the paschal moon procession<br />

on the Athribis <strong>zodiacs</strong><br />

5.9.1 Paschal Moon<br />

Let us look at the symbolic scene, shown <strong>of</strong> Figure 5.76, at<br />

the bottom <strong>of</strong> the Athribis <strong>zodiacs</strong> (see Figure 5.75). In view<br />

<strong>of</strong> the already decoded symbolism on the Egyptian <strong>zodiacs</strong>,<br />

the meaning <strong>of</strong> this scene is not difficult to understand. We<br />

read it from the right to left, as it is indicated by the direction<br />

<strong>of</strong> the procession.<br />

At the right end <strong>of</strong> this procession, we see a familiar symbol<br />

<strong>of</strong> the spring equinox, which is the sequence <strong>of</strong> the snakes<br />

with upright fore bodies (see subsection 5.8.3). Next to the<br />

left, there is a boat carrying a disk with a narrow crescent.<br />

Two human attendants stand on its both sides facing it. This<br />

is a symbol <strong>of</strong> the first new moon, which was “born” after the

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