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244 8 The Dates Shown on the Zodiacs form Ancient Egyptian Tombs and Sarcophagi<br />

chamber, which is shown on Figure 8.18, is called by us the<br />

inner Petosiris zodiac.<br />

Figure 8.19: Few details <strong>of</strong> the zodiac from the outer chamber<br />

in the Petosiris tomb.<br />

On Figures 8.21 and 8.22 we present the contour drawings<br />

<strong>of</strong> the outer and the inner Petosiris <strong>zodiacs</strong>. From these pictures<br />

it is clear that both Petosiris <strong>zodiacs</strong> are <strong>of</strong> the round<br />

type, and from that point <strong>of</strong> view they are similar to the<br />

Athribis <strong>zodiacs</strong> and the Round Denderah zodiac. Moreover,<br />

the dimensions <strong>of</strong> the Petosiris <strong>zodiacs</strong> are also comparable<br />

with the size <strong>of</strong> the Round zodiac. These dimensions are: the<br />

outer Petosiris zodiac (P1) (see Figure 8.17) 2.34 × 2.63 meters,<br />

and the inner Petosiris zodiac (P2) (see Figure 8.18)<br />

2.12 × 2.62 meters 10 .<br />

One can immediately notice that the inner Petosiris zodiac<br />

(P2) contains more details than the outer zodiac (P1).<br />

Therefore, it seems that it is the main zodiac for this tomb,<br />

probably commemorating the date <strong>of</strong> the death <strong>of</strong> the person<br />

buried there. On the other hand, the outer zodiac (P1) most<br />

likely contains the date <strong>of</strong> the birth or another secondary date<br />

related to that person. Notice that from the point <strong>of</strong> view <strong>of</strong><br />

religious rituals the death <strong>of</strong> a person (and not the birth) is<br />

considered as the main event. Since the birth date precedes<br />

the date <strong>of</strong> the death, we expect that the outer Petosiris zodiac<br />

(P1) should indicate an earlier date than the inner zodiac<br />

(P2). However, we should point out that in our computations<br />

we did not introduce any additional requirement related to<br />

this issue, and in fact, we have considered all the possible<br />

pairs <strong>of</strong> solutions regardless which one is earlier than other.<br />

Since the both <strong>zodiacs</strong> were found in the same tomb, the<br />

difference <strong>of</strong> their dates should not be loo large. For the pur-<br />

10 See [5], pp. 96-97.<br />

Figure 8.20: Few details <strong>of</strong> the zodiac from the inner chamber<br />

in the Petosiris tomb.<br />

pose <strong>of</strong> our computations we allowed 150 years difference between<br />

those dates. This restriction was motivated by the assumption<br />

that the both <strong>zodiacs</strong> are related to the life <strong>of</strong> a one<br />

person, which was buried in this tomb. Therefore, the difference<br />

between the two dates encoded into the Petosiris <strong>zodiacs</strong><br />

shouldn’t be larger than a human lifespan. In order to make<br />

sure that we do not omit any admissible pair <strong>of</strong> solutions, we<br />

extended this time by some margin to 150 years. At the end <strong>of</strong><br />

our computations, we found out that for any possible variant<br />

this difference was always smaller than 50 years. In addition,<br />

the dates for the outer zodiac (P1) were always earlier than<br />

the dates for the inner zodiac (P2).<br />

It is clear that (see Figures 8.21 and 8.22) the both<br />

Petosiris <strong>zodiacs</strong> are very similar one to another. On the both<br />

<strong>zodiacs</strong>, the zodiacal constellations are arranged around a circle,<br />

inside which are located the planetary symbols. All the<br />

planets are represented in an unusual for traditional Egyptian<br />

<strong>zodiacs</strong> way — in a form <strong>of</strong> human busts. The outer zodiac<br />

(P1) is partially damaged, but still it is possible to recognize<br />

that the same planetary symbols — human images, are shown<br />

on the both <strong>zodiacs</strong>. In this situation, it is completely natural<br />

to expect that these two <strong>zodiacs</strong> are in fact only the parts <strong>of</strong> a<br />

larger artistic composition painted on the walls and ceilings <strong>of</strong><br />

the Petosiris tomb. The symbolism <strong>of</strong> the entire composition<br />

should be the same in all its fragments and parts. On Figures<br />

8.21, 8.24–8.26, we included a series <strong>of</strong> photographs showing<br />

the murals from the Petosiris tomb. On Figure 8.27 we show<br />

for comparison a photograph from the Petubastis tomb. The<br />

design <strong>of</strong> this tomb is much simpler than in the case <strong>of</strong> the<br />

Petosiris tomb, but the style and symbolism are very similar.

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