Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual.pdf

Recommendations

Info

Water CAUSE Adapted from Terzaghi TRIGGERING PROCESS OR EVENT Rapid change of elevation of water table Rise of water table in distant aquifer Seepage from artificial source of water HOW THE FAILURE OCCURS 14. Initiates rearrangement of grains 15. Causes a rise of piezometric surface in slope-forming material 16. Seepage toward slope 17. Displaces air in voids 18. Removes soluble binder 19. Subsurface Erosion MOST SENSITIVE MATERIALS Medium or fine loose sand in saturated state Silt or sand layers between or below clay layers Saturated Silt Moist, fine Sand Loess Find Sand or Silt 363-2134-008 / March 31, 2012 / Page 350 PHYSICAL NATURE OF THE FAILURE Spontaneous increase of porewater pressure Increases porewater pressure Eliminates surface tension Destroys intergranular bond Undermines the slope EFFECTS UPON SLOPE EQUILIBRIUM Spontaneous liquefaction Decrease of frictional resistance Decrease of cohesion Increase of Shear Stress The Department provides this table as a guide only. Factors not contained in this table may influence slope stability in certain localities. It is incumbent upon the designer to employ due diligence in identifying those factors for the project site.
GEOTHERMAL WELL DRILLING Source Unknown 363-2134-008 / March 31, 2012 / Page 351 Drilling, testing, and development of high capacity geothermal wells can, if not properly managed, result in significant sediment pollution to receiving surface waters. This is especially true where well fields are installed, either during initial construction or as a retrofit to an existing site. Providing access to drill sites, as well as staging areas, should be addressed using the standards provided in Chapters 3 and 4. The large volumes of water produced from each well can be quite turbid depending upon aquifer and surface conditions. Therefore care should be taken to protect surface waters during construction and development of geothermal wells. A fact sheet describing typical erosion control BMPs during well drilling has been developed by the Department and is included in this manual as Appendix K. The standards set forth in that fact sheet should be incorporated into all water well drilling operations, including geothermal wells. Since the volumes of water produced by geothermal wells are typically much greater than for water supply wells, some additional precautions may be necessary depending upon discharge rates, sediment content, and site conditions. On sites where a sediment basin or sediment trap is available to receive the discharges, these may be used as long as the water level within the basin or trap does not rise above the sediment clean-out elevation. Where sediment basins or traps are not available, control BMPs specific to the well drilling should be provided. Stormwater detention and/or retention ponds that are functioning as such may not be used as sediment removal BMPs for well drilling. Where flocculants are needed to meet effluent requirements, they may be approved on a case-by-case basis. It is recommended that a test well be drilled with appropriate sediment removal BMPs in place in a proposed well field to determine the anticipated flow rate for each well in the well field. BMPs for the well field should then be designed to provide treatment for the total number of wells being drilled at any one time (i.e. test well flow rate X number of wells). It should be noted that flow rates will likely vary significantly from one well to the next. Therefore, the capacity of the BMPs provided should exceed the calculated required capacity by at least 1.5 times. Large well fields may require several test wells. Designers should meet with conservation district staff prior to submitting applications that involve geothermal well testing and drilling in order to discuss site constraints and to develop an appropriate E&S plan. It is also recommended that well drilling contractors meet with conservation district prior to beginning drilling operations in order to discuss proper implementation of the E&S plan.
Page 1 and 2:
EROSION AND SEDIMENT POLLUTION CONT
Page 3 and 4:
FOREWORD The various Best Managemen
Page 5 and 6:
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Foreword ...
Page 7 and 8:
Waterbars .........................
Page 9 and 10:
Table Number Name Page 11.4 Recomme
Page 11 and 12:
Figure Number Name Page 7.7 Graphic
Page 13 and 14:
STANDARD CONSTRUCTION DETAILS Numbe
Page 15 and 16:
CHECKLISTS, STANDARD E&S WORKSHEETS
Page 17 and 18:
are cases where sheet flow has occu
Page 19 and 20:
is replaced following earthmoving,
Page 21 and 22:
CHAPTER 1 - REQUIRED E&S PLAN CONTE
Page 23 and 24:
topography of the site should be in
Page 25 and 26:
efore earth disturbance occurs with
Page 27 and 28:
is classified as High Quality (HQ)
Page 29 and 30:
install the proposed perimeter BMPs
Page 31 and 32:
detail(s) for the specific BMP. In
Page 33 and 34:
CHAPTER 3 - SITE ACCESS This chapte
Page 35 and 36:
ROCK CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE WITH WAS
Page 37 and 38:
RUMBLE PAD Pre-constructed rumble p
Page 39 and 40:
3 feet should be avoided wherever p
Page 41 and 42:
WATERBAR - Sediment Removal Efficie
Page 43 and 44:
BROAD-BASED DIP - Sediment Removal
Page 45 and 46:
USDA Forest Service STANDARD CONSTR
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
DITCH RELIEF CULVERT (Cross Drains)
Page 53 and 54:
TURNOUT - Sediment Removal Efficien
Page 55 and 56:
STANDARD CONSTRUCTION DETAIL #3-11
Page 57 and 58:
3. Temporary bridges should be inst
Page 59 and 60:
PA DEP STANDARD CONSTRUCTION DETAIL
Page 61 and 62:
WETLAND CROSSING Wetland crossings
Page 63 and 64:
Adapted from PA DEP GP-8 FIGURE 3.8
Page 65 and 66:
FIGURE 3.10 Rigid or Flexible Pipe
Page 67 and 68:
PA DEP FIGURE 3.12 In-stream Coffer
Page 69 and 70:
EARTHWORK WITHIN LAKES AND PONDS NO
Page 71 and 72:
FIGURE 3.15 Turbidity Barrier Insta
Page 73 and 74:
DEWATERING WORK AREAS - Wherever wa
Page 75 and 76:
(Additional Notes for Standard Cons
Page 77 and 78:
SITE HOUSEKEEPING AND MATERIALS MAN
Page 79 and 80:
Prefabricated Washout Containers Ca
Page 81 and 82:
CHAPTER 4 - SEDIMENT BARRIERS AND F
Page 83 and 84:
The maximum slope length above a co
Page 85 and 86:
STANDARD CONSTRUCTION DETAIL #4-1 C
Page 87 and 88:
COMPOST FILTER BERM - Sediment Remo
Page 89 and 90:
Installation - Compost filter berms
Page 91 and 92:
STANDARD CONSTRUCTION DETAIL # 4-4
Page 93 and 94:
ROCK FILTER OUTLET - Sediment Remov
Page 95 and 96:
York County Conservation District 3
Page 97 and 98:
Wherever there is a break or change
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
A chain link fence should be instal
Page 105 and 106:
SEDIMENT FILTER LOG (FIBER LOG) - S
Page 107 and 108:
WOOD CHIP FILTER BERM - Sediment Re
Page 109 and 110:
STRAW BALE BARRIER - Sediment Remov
Page 111 and 112:
NRCS FIGURE 4.4 Straw Bale Barrier
Page 113 and 114:
A one foot thick layer of AASHTO #5
Page 115 and 116:
The total width of the filter strip
Page 117 and 118:
INLET FILTER BAG - Sediment Removal
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Adapted from Maine DEP Maximum drai
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
TABLE 5.1 Pennsylvania Rainfall by
Page 131 and 132:
LAND USE < 2% TABLE 5.2 Runoff Coef
Page 133 and 134:
TR-55 Shallow Concentrated Flow Tha
Page 135 and 136:
Figure 5.2 - RAINFALL REGION MAP A
Page 137 and 138:
Figure 5.6 - RAINFALL REGION MAP E
Page 139 and 140:
TABLE 5.6 5-Minute through 24-Hour
Page 141 and 142:
TABLE 5.8 5-Minute through 24-Hour
Page 143 and 144:
Drainage Area (A) - Determine the d
Page 145 and 146:
Determination of Time of Concentrat
Page 147 and 148:
CHAPTER 6 - RUNOFF CONVEYANCE BMPs
Page 149 and 150:
DESIGN PROCEDURE 1. Calculate the r
Page 151 and 152:
TABLE 6.3 Manning’s “n” for T
Page 153 and 154:
National Technical Information Serv
Page 155 and 156:
TABLE 6.6 Riprap Gradation, Filter
Page 157 and 158:
TABLE 6.9 Recommended n Values to b
Page 159 and 160:
TABLE 6.10 Maximum Permissible Velo
Page 161 and 162:
It should be noted that Guernsey si
Page 163 and 164:
Channel #1 (Diversion Channel) on W
Page 165 and 166:
Channel #1 Segments “A” and “
Page 167 and 168:
No more than one third of the shoot
Page 169 and 170:
Stackhouse Bensinger, Inc. STANDARD
Page 171 and 172:
Adapted from North Carolina DENR ST
Page 173 and 174:
TEMPORARY SLOPE PIPE - Temporary sl
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
BENCH - Benches (a.k.a. gradient te
Page 179 and 180:
CHAPTER 7 - SEDIMENT BASINS DESIGN
Page 181 and 182:
14. The discharge from a sediment b
Page 183 and 184:
Adapted from VA SWCC PA DEP FIGURE
Page 185 and 186:
Develop a Stage Storage Curve. Use
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Sediment shall be removed from the
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
FIGURE 7.2 Skimmer Orifice Design C
Page 195 and 196:
The principal spillway should be an
Page 197 and 198:
Adapted from USDA, NRCS FIGURE 7.3
Page 199 and 200:
H TABLE 7.3 - PIPE FLOW CAPACITY n
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
TABLE 7.4 Concrete Base Requirement
Page 209 and 210:
Embedded section of aluminum or alu
Page 211 and 212:
Wherever total basin dewatering is
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Riprap at toe of embankment shall b
Page 217 and 218:
Head TABLE 7.6 - GRASS-LINED EMERGE
Page 219 and 220:
4. Once the depth of flow through t
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Anti-seep Collar Wherever soils sus
Page 225 and 226:
4. The maximum spacing between coll
Page 227 and 228:
Adapted from PennDOT RC-70 STANDARD
Page 229 and 230:
FILTER DIAPHRAGM Filter diaphragms
Page 231 and 232:
Sediment Storage Zone Dewatering Pr
Page 233 and 234:
4. Greater surface area increases t
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Barrel/Riser Sediment Trap - This d
Page 239 and 240:
Accumulated sediment shall be remov
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Wherever total trap dewatering is r
Page 245 and 246:
At a minimum, outlet protection sho
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
CHAPTER 9 - OUTLET PROTECTION As a
Page 251 and 252:
FIGURE 9.1 Velocity Adjustment Nomo
Page 253 and 254:
endwall. For discharges directly in
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
Adapted from USDA NRCS STANDARD CON
Page 259 and 260:
Adapted from USDA - NRCS FIGURE 9.3
Page 261 and 262:
Determine whether maximum or minimu
Page 263 and 264:
Adapted from ScourStop FIGURE 9.5 T
Page 265 and 266:
STILLING BASIN (Plunge Pool) - Stil
Page 267 and 268:
Adapted from USDOT, FHWA HEC 14 FIG
Page 269 and 270:
Using the pipe slope (V:H) determin
Page 271 and 272:
ENERGY DISSIPATER Energy dissipater
Page 273 and 274:
EARTHEN LEVEL SPREADER LOCATION - E
Page 275 and 276:
STRUCTURAL LEVEL SPREADER LOCATION
Page 277 and 278:
The E&S plan should include such in
Page 279 and 280:
Wherever the slope parallels the ro
Page 281 and 282:
VA SWCC FIGURE 11.1 Stair Step Grad
Page 283 and 284:
TOPSOIL APPLICATION Graded areas sh
Page 285 and 286:
Site conditions such as soil limita
Page 287 and 288:
Species Warm-Season Grasses Deerton
Page 289 and 290:
6. Use only in extreme southeastern
Page 291 and 292:
Synthetic binders, or chemical bind
Page 293 and 294:
EROSION CONTROL BLANKETS - There ar
Page 295 and 296:
HYDRAULICALLY APPLIED BLANKETS Hydr
Page 297 and 298:
PAM Specifications Anionic PAM mixt
Page 299 and 300:
Adapted from VA DSWC FIGURE 11.5 So
Page 301 and 302:
City of Portland, BDS FIGURE 11.6 T
Page 303 and 304:
CHAPTER 13 - UTILITY LINE PROJECTS
Page 305 and 306:
more viable. HDD may be considered
Page 307 and 308:
STANDARD CONSTRUCTION DETAIL #13-1
Page 309 and 310:
Page 311 and 312:
Page 313 and 314:
PA DEP FIGURE 13.1 Waterbar Install
Page 315 and 316:
The following points should be cons
Page 317 and 318:
SKID ROADS AND SKID TRAILS The prim
Page 319 and 320: The diversion channel should have a
Page 321 and 322: PA Timber Harvesting Packet FIGURE
Page 323 and 324: CHAPTER 15 - STREAMBANK STABILIZATI
Page 325 and 326: Figure 15.1 Riprap Streambank Prote
Page 327 and 328: GABIONS and Reno mattress have been
Page 329 and 330: PA DEP FIGURE 15.4 Reno Mattress St
Page 331 and 332: Adapted from VA DSWC FIGURE 15.5 Gr
Page 333 and 334: MISCELLANEOUS HARD ARMOR TECHNIQUES
Page 335 and 336: Natural colonization by surrounding
Page 337 and 338: INSTALLATION GUIDELINES Prepare the
Page 339 and 340: Branchpacking is the alternating of
Page 341 and 342: Fabric encapsulated soil is often u
Page 343 and 344: Fiber rolls, or coir logs, are cyli
Page 345 and 346: CHAPTER 16 - GRADING STANDARDS PA D
Page 347 and 348: CHAPTER 17 - AREAS OF SPECIAL CONCE
Page 349 and 350: Adapted from USDA NRCS FIGURE 17.2
Page 351 and 352: Adapted from USDA NRCS FIGURE 17.4
Page 353 and 354: enter the Act 2 Program, which is a
Page 355 and 356: No RECOMMENDED PROCESS FOR SITES WI
Page 357 and 358: Common Contaminants of Concern: Two
Page 359 and 360: Structural (Stabilization) Erosion
Page 361 and 362: ii. The siting and function of any
Page 363 and 364: SPECIAL PROTECTION WATERSHEDS Sourc
Page 365 and 366: impacts, including suitability of g
Page 367 and 368: SLOPE FAILURES PA DEP The Problem I
Page 369: TABLE 17.1 PROCESSES LEADING TO LAN
Page 373 and 374: Well (or Total Well Field) Flows Gr
Page 375 and 376: Project: COMPLETE PLAN CHECKLIST A.
Page 377 and 378: STANDARD E&S CONTROL PLAN TECHNICAL
Page 379 and 380: “A maintenance program, which pro
Page 381 and 382: Complies Deficient N/A Hydric soils
Page 383 and 384: Complies Deficient N/A Removal of t
Page 385 and 386: Complies Deficient N/A Standard E&S
Page 387 and 388: Sediment Traps (Chapter 8) Complies
Page 389 and 390: Permanent Stabilization Topsoil rep
Page 391 and 392: APPENDIX B - STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET
Page 393 and 394: STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET #2 Compost F
Page 395 and 396: STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET # 4 Reinforc
Page 397 and 398: STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET # 6 Super Si
Page 399 and 400: STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET # 8 Rock Fil
Page 401 and 402: STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET # 10 Rationa
Page 403 and 404: STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET # 12 Sedimen
Page 405 and 406: E L E V A T I O N (FT) STANDARD E&S
Page 407 and 408: STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET # 16 Sedimen
Page 409 and 410: BASIN NO. TEMP. OR PERM. Y (FT) Z S
Page 411 and 412: STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET # 20 Riprap
Page 413 and 414: STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET # 22 PLAN PR
Page 415 and 416: 15. Until the site is stabilized, a
Page 417 and 418: APPENDIX D - STANDARDS FOR MAPS AND
Page 419 and 420: PLAN DRAWINGS Each bit of informati
Page 421 and 422:
e carefully preserved and stored fo
Page 423 and 424:
SOIL NAME CUTBANKS CAVE CORROSIVE T
Page 425 and 426:
Page 427 and 428:
Page 429 and 430:
Page 431 and 432:
ROUGHNESS ELEMENT DISSIPATER - This
Page 433 and 434:
2. Determine Discharge Velocity (VO
Page 435 and 436:
From Figure F.8, VA/VO = 1.05 VA =
Page 437 and 438:
Yo / D FIGURE F.4 Dimensionless Rat
Page 439 and 440:
USDOT, FHWA HEC 14 FIGURE F.6 Flow
Page 441 and 442:
FIGURE F.8 Average Velocity in Abru
Page 443 and 444:
FIGURE F.10 Average Depth for Abrup
Page 445 and 446:
FIGURE F.12 Riprap Size for Use Dow
Page 447 and 448:
EXAMPLE - Given: Circular Concrete
Page 449 and 450:
USDOT, FHWA HEC 14 FIGURE F.14 Impa
Page 451 and 452:
designed to discharge all anticipat
Page 453 and 454:
Figure G.1. Convex Contours and Slo
Page 455 and 456:
Figure G.2. Turf Reinforcement Mat
Page 457 and 458:
c. For subsurface discharge level s
Page 459 and 460:
asin/trap, it should be off-line du
Page 461 and 462:
Design to Avoid Downstream Erosion
Page 463 and 464:
Down Slope Ground Cover Table G.2.
Page 465 and 466:
VIII. OUTFALL DESIGN As previously
Page 467 and 468:
Figure G.10. Rill/Gully Repair Figu
Page 469 and 470:
X. SELECTED REFERENCES Pennsylvania
Page 471 and 472:
APPENDIX H - DUST CONTROL Descripti
Page 473 and 474:
Table H.2. Adhesives Used for Dust
Page 475 and 476:
Tree Health Preserving trees is not
Page 477 and 478:
can have blocky aggregates. They ha
Page 479 and 480:
Site Characteristics—Site charact
Page 481 and 482:
Identify trees in need of care In t
Page 483 and 484:
363-2134-008 / March 31, 2012 / Pag
Page 485 and 486:
Use accurate information. The plan
Page 487 and 488:
The transplanting process requires
Page 489 and 490:
Protecting Trees During Constructio
Page 491 and 492:
geotextile. The plastic core is mad
Page 493 and 494:
Retain a qualified arborist to perf
Page 495 and 496:
Repairing Construction Injury The m
Page 497 and 498:
Tree Techniques Tree injury Tree li
Page 499 and 500:
Improve the aeration and drainage o
Page 501 and 502:
1995. Tree-Pruning Guidelines. (Gui
Page 503 and 504:
APPENDIX J - Publication: “Unders
Page 505 and 506:
ions such as calcium, magnesium, an
Page 507 and 508:
Soil Structure Is Destroyed by Comp
Page 509 and 510:
compaction in decent, fertile soils
Page 511 and 512:
A Note on Organic Materials and Ame
Page 513 and 514:
Final Strategies for Dealing with C
Page 515 and 516:
This publication is available from
Page 517 and 518:
363-2134-008 / March 31, 2012 / Pag
Page 519 and 520:
Aeration -----Mixing water with air
Page 521 and 522:
Aquiclude -----A geologic formation
Page 523 and 524:
Bedrock----- The more or less solid
Page 525 and 526:
C-Horizon -----A layer of unconsoli
Page 527 and 528:
Clay -----A fine-grained cohesive s
Page 529 and 530:
Where: Q = Flow volume (cfs) V = Fl
Page 531 and 532:
Cut and Cover -----A method of tren
Page 533 and 534:
Diabase -----A rock of basaltic com
Page 535 and 536:
E&S Plan -----Erosion and Sediment
Page 537 and 538:
E&S Plan -----A site-specific plan
Page 539 and 540:
Filter Fabric Fence -----A sediment
Page 541 and 542:
Frost Action (Soils) -----The likel
Page 543 and 544:
Grade -----1. The slope of a road o
Page 545 and 546:
Holding Structure -----Any excavati
Page 547 and 548:
Inlet Protection -----Type of BMP u
Page 549 and 550:
Level Spreader -----An earthen or m
Page 551 and 552:
Mesic -----Refers to environmental
Page 553 and 554:
NOI -----Notice of Intent Nominal S
Page 555 and 556:
Organic Soil -----Soil composed pre
Page 557 and 558:
Percolation Test -----A measure of
Page 559 and 560:
Pollutant -----Any contaminant or o
Page 561 and 562:
Range -----The geographic region in
Page 563 and 564:
stabilization; cutting of existing
Page 565 and 566:
Section 404 ----The section of the
Page 567 and 568:
Slope Protection -----A layer or fa
Page 569 and 570:
Stable Channel Flow -----Channel fl
Page 571 and 572:
stabilization techniques that consi
Page 573 and 574:
Terrace -----An earthen embankment
Page 575 and 576:
Trench Plug -----A flow obstruction
Page 577 and 578:
Vernal Pool -----Wetlands that occu
Page 579 and 580:
Y Yellowboy -----Iron oxide deposit
Page 581 and 582:
26. Filtrexx, Standard Specificatio
Page 583:
86. USEPA, National Pollutant Disch
show all

Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual.pdf

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?