Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual.pdf

Cut and Cover -----A method of trenching and laying pipe by using the soil from one section to cover the
pipe in an adjoining section, thereby eliminating the need to remove a large amount of soil.
Cut and Fill -----The process of earthmoving by excavating from one area and constructing a nearby fill
from the excavated material.
Cut Bank -----The outside bank of a stream channel at a sharp bend; often eroding and across from a
point bar.
Cut Stake -----Survey stake indicating cut locations for earthmoving.
Cutback Asphalt -----Asphalt which has cutterstock petroleum distillates added to keep it liquid when
temperatures are lower than optimum.
Cutbanks Cave -----In soils, the walls of excavations tend to cave in or slough.
Cutting -----A leaf, stem or branch cut from a plant to establish a new plant.
Cutoff -----1. A channel cut across the neck of a meander. 2. In dams, it is an impervious construction or
material which reduces or prevents seepage from passing through the foundation material of the
dam.
Cutoff Trench -----In dams, it is an excavation later to be filled with impervious material to form a cutoff.
Cut Slope -----The exposed slope resulting from removal of material from a hillside.
CWA -----Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C.A. §§1251—1376.
CWF -----Cold water fish stream classification.
D
D -----The symbol for the total depth of a channel.
d -----The symbol for the anticipated flow depth of a channel.
Dam -----A barrier constructed for the purpose of impounding water.
Dam Safety and Encroachments Act -----PA law restricting the design of dams and structures and fills
which could result in flood damage during or after storm events (32 P.,S. §§ 693.1—693.27).
Dam Safety and Waterway Management Regulations -----The Department’s regulations developed in
order to enforce the Dam Safety and Encroachment Act (25 Pa. Code §§ 105.1—105.452).
Datum -----Any numerical or geometric quantity or set of quantities that may serve as a reference or base
for other, comparable quantities (e.g. Mean Sea Level).
Daylight -----In stream channel restoration, the excavation and restoration of a stream channel from an
underground culvert, covering, or pipe.
DCNR -----Department of Conservation and Natural Resources.
Deminimis -----Too small or trifling to be covered by law (e.g. a deminimis wetland is < .05 acre).
Dead Storage -----In a sediment basin or trap, it is a portion of the storage area that is typically bypassed
by water traveling through the impoundment from the point of entry to the principal spillway.
Deadman -----A log or block of concrete, or material buried in a stream bank for the purpose of tying in a
revetment with cable, chain, or steel rods.
Deflector -----A structural barrier (groin, jetty, etc.) projecting into a stream channel to divert flow away
from an eroding section of stream bank.
Degradation -----The lowering of a streambed by scour and erosion.
Delineation -----The process of deciding where something begins and ends (e.g. wetland boundaries).
Density -----The mass of a substance per unit volume.
Deoxygenation -----The process of removing dissolved oxygen from water.
DEP -----The Department of Environmental Protection.
Department (The) -----The Department of Environmental Protection.
Depth-Area-Duration Analysis -----A study made to determine the maximum amounts of rain within a
given time period over a given area.
Depression Storage -----In TR-55, it is water contained in natural depressions in the land surface, such
as puddles.
Desiccation Cracks -----Surface fractures resulting from the drying or soil or porous sedimentary rock.
Design Capacity -----The amount of water a structure is designed to hold or convey under certain
restrictions.
Design Criteria -----Guidelines upon which planning and engineering decisions and judgments are based.
363-2134-008 / March 31, 2012 / Page 511