Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual.pdf

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Wattles -----Live branch cuttings bound together into long bundles. Also called live fascines. Wattling ----- Use of wattles to stabilize slopes and stream banks. WCO -----Water Conservation Officer of the PA Fish and Boat Commission. Weathering -----The physical disintegration or chemical decomposition of rock due to wind, rain, heat, freezing, thawing, etc. Weep Hole -----Opening left in a revetment or bulkhead to allow groundwater drainage. Weighted Runoff Coefficient -----In the Rational Equation, a runoff coefficient that has been adjusted for varying cover and soil conditions. Weighted Sediment Filter Tube -----A tube-shaped device filled with non-biodegradable filter materials and used to remove sediment from runoff. Weir -----1. A device for determining the quantity of water flowing over it from measurements of the depth of flow over the crest or sill and known dimension of the device. 2. A barrier placed in a channel to divert or regulate flow. Weir Flow -----In riser capacity calculations, it is the flow regime used to calculate the riser capacity at water elevations not far above the crest of the riser. Weir Gate -----Water-control device used to adjust water levels and measure flows simultaneously. Weir Notch -----The opening in a weir for the passage of water. Well-graded -----Materials with particle or rock sizes well distributed over a designated size range. Wet Meadow -----Grassland with waterlogged soil near the surface but without standing water for most of the year. Wet Pond -----A pond designed to store a permanent pool during dry weather. Wetland -----1. An area that meets the criteria — hydric soils, hydrophytic plants, and hydrology — set forth in the 1987 Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual 2. An area that is inundated or saturated by surface water or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support and that under normal circumstances does support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions, including swamps, marshes, bogs and similar areas. Wetland Banking -----A term used to describe actions required to be taken on the part of developers to mitigate and replace the loss of wetlands. In this case, wetlands are created or restored in order to provide replacement credit for future wetlands impacts. Wetland Crossing -----Trenching through a wetland for a pipeline or utility line. Wetland Function -----The physical, chemical and biological processes or attributes of a wetland without regard to the importance to society. Wetland Mitigation -----Actions taken to avoid, minimize, or deter the need to adversely affect existing wetlands plus the construction or restoration of wetlands to replace those that are affected. Wetland Value -----Wetland processes or attributes that are valuable or beneficial to society. WETPAC -----The Wetland Protection Advisory Committee. Wetted Perimeter -----In a channel, it is the length of the boundary between the water and the channel sides and bottom. WGS84 -----World Geodetic System of 1984. A type of horizontal reference datum for latitude and longitude. Wild Trout Stream -----A stream classified as supporting naturally reproducing trout populations by the PFBC. Wildlife Cover ----- Plants or objects used by wild animals for nesting, raising of young, escape from predators, or protection from adverse environmental conditions. Wingwall -----The end portion of a bulkhead, sea wall, or revetment that cuts back in toward the bank at an angle to the main structure to prevent flanking. Wood Excelsior Blanket -----A type of erosion control blanket. Another name for Curlex. WQC -----Water Quality Certification, a permit requirement for federally sponsored projects which are exempt from state Chapter 105 authorization. WWF -----Warm water fish. a stream classification of PFBC. 363-2134-008 / March 31, 2012 / Page 558
Y Yellowboy -----Iron oxide deposits; usually observed as orange-yellow deposits in surface streams affected by drainage from coal mines or related activities. Z Z -----The horizontal component of slopes (e.g. the “3” in 3H:1V). Zone of Weathering -----The superficial layer of the earth’s crust above the water table that is subjected to the destructive agents of the atmosphere, and in which soils develop. 363-2134-008 / March 31, 2012 / Page 559
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EROSION AND SEDIMENT POLLUTION CONT
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FOREWORD The various Best Managemen
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Foreword ...
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Waterbars .........................
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Table Number Name Page 11.4 Recomme
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Figure Number Name Page 7.7 Graphic
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STANDARD CONSTRUCTION DETAILS Numbe
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CHECKLISTS, STANDARD E&S WORKSHEETS
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are cases where sheet flow has occu
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is replaced following earthmoving,
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CHAPTER 1 - REQUIRED E&S PLAN CONTE
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topography of the site should be in
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efore earth disturbance occurs with
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is classified as High Quality (HQ)
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install the proposed perimeter BMPs
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detail(s) for the specific BMP. In
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CHAPTER 3 - SITE ACCESS This chapte
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ROCK CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE WITH WAS
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RUMBLE PAD Pre-constructed rumble p
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3 feet should be avoided wherever p
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WATERBAR - Sediment Removal Efficie
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BROAD-BASED DIP - Sediment Removal
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USDA Forest Service STANDARD CONSTR
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DITCH RELIEF CULVERT (Cross Drains)
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TURNOUT - Sediment Removal Efficien
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STANDARD CONSTRUCTION DETAIL #3-11
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3. Temporary bridges should be inst
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PA DEP STANDARD CONSTRUCTION DETAIL
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WETLAND CROSSING Wetland crossings
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Adapted from PA DEP GP-8 FIGURE 3.8
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FIGURE 3.10 Rigid or Flexible Pipe
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PA DEP FIGURE 3.12 In-stream Coffer
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EARTHWORK WITHIN LAKES AND PONDS NO
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FIGURE 3.15 Turbidity Barrier Insta
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DEWATERING WORK AREAS - Wherever wa
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(Additional Notes for Standard Cons
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SITE HOUSEKEEPING AND MATERIALS MAN
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Prefabricated Washout Containers Ca
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CHAPTER 4 - SEDIMENT BARRIERS AND F
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The maximum slope length above a co
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STANDARD CONSTRUCTION DETAIL #4-1 C
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COMPOST FILTER BERM - Sediment Remo
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Installation - Compost filter berms
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STANDARD CONSTRUCTION DETAIL # 4-4
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ROCK FILTER OUTLET - Sediment Remov
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York County Conservation District 3
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Wherever there is a break or change
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A chain link fence should be instal
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SEDIMENT FILTER LOG (FIBER LOG) - S
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WOOD CHIP FILTER BERM - Sediment Re
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STRAW BALE BARRIER - Sediment Remov
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NRCS FIGURE 4.4 Straw Bale Barrier
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A one foot thick layer of AASHTO #5
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The total width of the filter strip
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INLET FILTER BAG - Sediment Removal
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Adapted from Maine DEP Maximum drai
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TABLE 5.1 Pennsylvania Rainfall by
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LAND USE < 2% TABLE 5.2 Runoff Coef
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TR-55 Shallow Concentrated Flow Tha
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Figure 5.2 - RAINFALL REGION MAP A
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Figure 5.6 - RAINFALL REGION MAP E
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TABLE 5.6 5-Minute through 24-Hour
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TABLE 5.8 5-Minute through 24-Hour
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Drainage Area (A) - Determine the d
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Determination of Time of Concentrat
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CHAPTER 6 - RUNOFF CONVEYANCE BMPs
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DESIGN PROCEDURE 1. Calculate the r
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TABLE 6.3 Manning’s “n” for T
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National Technical Information Serv
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TABLE 6.6 Riprap Gradation, Filter
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TABLE 6.9 Recommended n Values to b
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TABLE 6.10 Maximum Permissible Velo
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It should be noted that Guernsey si
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Channel #1 (Diversion Channel) on W
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Channel #1 Segments “A” and “
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No more than one third of the shoot
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Stackhouse Bensinger, Inc. STANDARD
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Adapted from North Carolina DENR ST
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TEMPORARY SLOPE PIPE - Temporary sl
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BENCH - Benches (a.k.a. gradient te
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CHAPTER 7 - SEDIMENT BASINS DESIGN
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14. The discharge from a sediment b
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Adapted from VA SWCC PA DEP FIGURE
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Develop a Stage Storage Curve. Use
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Sediment shall be removed from the
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FIGURE 7.2 Skimmer Orifice Design C
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The principal spillway should be an
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Adapted from USDA, NRCS FIGURE 7.3
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H TABLE 7.3 - PIPE FLOW CAPACITY n
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TABLE 7.4 Concrete Base Requirement
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Embedded section of aluminum or alu
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Wherever total basin dewatering is
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Riprap at toe of embankment shall b
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Head TABLE 7.6 - GRASS-LINED EMERGE
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4. Once the depth of flow through t
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Anti-seep Collar Wherever soils sus
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4. The maximum spacing between coll
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Adapted from PennDOT RC-70 STANDARD
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FILTER DIAPHRAGM Filter diaphragms
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Sediment Storage Zone Dewatering Pr
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4. Greater surface area increases t
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Barrel/Riser Sediment Trap - This d
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Accumulated sediment shall be remov
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Wherever total trap dewatering is r
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At a minimum, outlet protection sho
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CHAPTER 9 - OUTLET PROTECTION As a
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FIGURE 9.1 Velocity Adjustment Nomo
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endwall. For discharges directly in
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Adapted from USDA NRCS STANDARD CON
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Adapted from USDA - NRCS FIGURE 9.3
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Determine whether maximum or minimu
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Adapted from ScourStop FIGURE 9.5 T
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STILLING BASIN (Plunge Pool) - Stil
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Adapted from USDOT, FHWA HEC 14 FIG
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Using the pipe slope (V:H) determin
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ENERGY DISSIPATER Energy dissipater
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EARTHEN LEVEL SPREADER LOCATION - E
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STRUCTURAL LEVEL SPREADER LOCATION
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The E&S plan should include such in
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Wherever the slope parallels the ro
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VA SWCC FIGURE 11.1 Stair Step Grad
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TOPSOIL APPLICATION Graded areas sh
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Site conditions such as soil limita
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Species Warm-Season Grasses Deerton
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6. Use only in extreme southeastern
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Synthetic binders, or chemical bind
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EROSION CONTROL BLANKETS - There ar
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HYDRAULICALLY APPLIED BLANKETS Hydr
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PAM Specifications Anionic PAM mixt
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Adapted from VA DSWC FIGURE 11.5 So
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City of Portland, BDS FIGURE 11.6 T
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CHAPTER 13 - UTILITY LINE PROJECTS
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more viable. HDD may be considered
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STANDARD CONSTRUCTION DETAIL #13-1
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PA DEP FIGURE 13.1 Waterbar Install
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The following points should be cons
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SKID ROADS AND SKID TRAILS The prim
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The diversion channel should have a
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PA Timber Harvesting Packet FIGURE
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CHAPTER 15 - STREAMBANK STABILIZATI
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Figure 15.1 Riprap Streambank Prote
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GABIONS and Reno mattress have been
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PA DEP FIGURE 15.4 Reno Mattress St
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Adapted from VA DSWC FIGURE 15.5 Gr
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MISCELLANEOUS HARD ARMOR TECHNIQUES
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Natural colonization by surrounding
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INSTALLATION GUIDELINES Prepare the
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Branchpacking is the alternating of
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Fabric encapsulated soil is often u
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Fiber rolls, or coir logs, are cyli
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CHAPTER 16 - GRADING STANDARDS PA D
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CHAPTER 17 - AREAS OF SPECIAL CONCE
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Adapted from USDA NRCS FIGURE 17.2
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Adapted from USDA NRCS FIGURE 17.4
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enter the Act 2 Program, which is a
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No RECOMMENDED PROCESS FOR SITES WI
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Common Contaminants of Concern: Two
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Structural (Stabilization) Erosion
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ii. The siting and function of any
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SPECIAL PROTECTION WATERSHEDS Sourc
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impacts, including suitability of g
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SLOPE FAILURES PA DEP The Problem I
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TABLE 17.1 PROCESSES LEADING TO LAN
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GEOTHERMAL WELL DRILLING Source Unk
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Well (or Total Well Field) Flows Gr
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Project: COMPLETE PLAN CHECKLIST A.
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STANDARD E&S CONTROL PLAN TECHNICAL
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“A maintenance program, which pro
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Complies Deficient N/A Hydric soils
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Complies Deficient N/A Removal of t
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Complies Deficient N/A Standard E&S
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Sediment Traps (Chapter 8) Complies
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Permanent Stabilization Topsoil rep
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APPENDIX B - STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET
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STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET #2 Compost F
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STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET # 4 Reinforc
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STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET # 6 Super Si
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STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET # 8 Rock Fil
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STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET # 10 Rationa
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STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET # 12 Sedimen
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E L E V A T I O N (FT) STANDARD E&S
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STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET # 16 Sedimen
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BASIN NO. TEMP. OR PERM. Y (FT) Z S
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STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET # 20 Riprap
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STANDARD E&S WORKSHEET # 22 PLAN PR
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15. Until the site is stabilized, a
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APPENDIX D - STANDARDS FOR MAPS AND
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PLAN DRAWINGS Each bit of informati
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e carefully preserved and stored fo
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SOIL NAME CUTBANKS CAVE CORROSIVE T
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ROUGHNESS ELEMENT DISSIPATER - This
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2. Determine Discharge Velocity (VO
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From Figure F.8, VA/VO = 1.05 VA =
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Yo / D FIGURE F.4 Dimensionless Rat
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USDOT, FHWA HEC 14 FIGURE F.6 Flow
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FIGURE F.8 Average Velocity in Abru
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FIGURE F.10 Average Depth for Abrup
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FIGURE F.12 Riprap Size for Use Dow
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EXAMPLE - Given: Circular Concrete
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USDOT, FHWA HEC 14 FIGURE F.14 Impa
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designed to discharge all anticipat
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Figure G.1. Convex Contours and Slo
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Figure G.2. Turf Reinforcement Mat
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c. For subsurface discharge level s
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asin/trap, it should be off-line du
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Design to Avoid Downstream Erosion
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Down Slope Ground Cover Table G.2.
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VIII. OUTFALL DESIGN As previously
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Figure G.10. Rill/Gully Repair Figu
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X. SELECTED REFERENCES Pennsylvania
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APPENDIX H - DUST CONTROL Descripti
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Table H.2. Adhesives Used for Dust
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Tree Health Preserving trees is not
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can have blocky aggregates. They ha
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Site Characteristics—Site charact
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Identify trees in need of care In t
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363-2134-008 / March 31, 2012 / Pag
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Use accurate information. The plan
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The transplanting process requires
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Protecting Trees During Constructio
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geotextile. The plastic core is mad
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Retain a qualified arborist to perf
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Repairing Construction Injury The m
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Tree Techniques Tree injury Tree li
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Improve the aeration and drainage o
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1995. Tree-Pruning Guidelines. (Gui
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APPENDIX J - Publication: “Unders
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ions such as calcium, magnesium, an
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Soil Structure Is Destroyed by Comp
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compaction in decent, fertile soils
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A Note on Organic Materials and Ame
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Final Strategies for Dealing with C
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This publication is available from
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363-2134-008 / March 31, 2012 / Pag
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Aeration -----Mixing water with air
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Aquiclude -----A geologic formation
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Bedrock----- The more or less solid
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C-Horizon -----A layer of unconsoli
Page 527 and 528: Clay -----A fine-grained cohesive s
Page 529 and 530: Where: Q = Flow volume (cfs) V = Fl
Page 531 and 532: Cut and Cover -----A method of tren
Page 533 and 534: Diabase -----A rock of basaltic com
Page 535 and 536: E&S Plan -----Erosion and Sediment
Page 537 and 538: E&S Plan -----A site-specific plan
Page 539 and 540: Filter Fabric Fence -----A sediment
Page 541 and 542: Frost Action (Soils) -----The likel
Page 543 and 544: Grade -----1. The slope of a road o
Page 545 and 546: Holding Structure -----Any excavati
Page 547 and 548: Inlet Protection -----Type of BMP u
Page 549 and 550: Level Spreader -----An earthen or m
Page 551 and 552: Mesic -----Refers to environmental
Page 553 and 554: NOI -----Notice of Intent Nominal S
Page 555 and 556: Organic Soil -----Soil composed pre
Page 557 and 558: Percolation Test -----A measure of
Page 559 and 560: Pollutant -----Any contaminant or o
Page 561 and 562: Range -----The geographic region in
Page 563 and 564: stabilization; cutting of existing
Page 565 and 566: Section 404 ----The section of the
Page 567 and 568: Slope Protection -----A layer or fa
Page 569 and 570: Stable Channel Flow -----Channel fl
Page 571 and 572: stabilization techniques that consi
Page 573 and 574: Terrace -----An earthen embankment
Page 575 and 576: Trench Plug -----A flow obstruction
Page 577: Vernal Pool -----Wetlands that occu
Page 581 and 582: 26. Filtrexx, Standard Specificatio
Page 583: 86. USEPA, National Pollutant Disch
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