Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual.pdf

End Section -----Flared attachment on an inlet or outlet of a culvert to prevent erosion of the overlying fill,
improve hydraulic efficiency, and improve appearance.
Endangered Species -----Any plant or animal threatened with extinction by man-made or natural changes
throughout all or a significant part of its range. Such species have been identified by the Secretary
of the Interior as “endangered” in accordance with the 1973 Endangered Species Act.
Endwall -----A structure installed at the discharge end of a pipe.
Energy Dissipater -----Outlet Protection placed below the discharge end of a pipe or channel to reduce
the scouring capacity of the discharge.
Enforcement Action -----A legal action taken by the Department to cause a violator to comply with
environmental laws, rules, and regulations. It may be in the form of a Consent Order and
Agreement (COA) or an Order and usually involves payment of penalties.
Engineered Soil -----A selected soil of known properties placed in a prescribed manner.
Entrance Head -----The hydraulic head required to cause flow into a conduit; it includes both entrance
loss and velocity head.
Entrance Loss -----The head lost in eddies and friction at the inlet of a culvert.
Entrenchment -----The degree to which a channel is incised.
Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) -----A national, non-profit environmental and conservation
organization active in legal, economic, and scientific aspects of environmental issues.
Environmental Due Diligence -----Regarding clean fill, Investigative techniques, including but not limited
to, visual property inspections, electronic data base searches, review of property ownership,
review of property use history, Sanborn maps, environmental questionnaires, transaction screens,
analytical testing, environmental assessments or audits.
Environmental Review Committee -----An inter-agency group comprised of state and federal resources
agencies. Standing members include PADEP, PGC, PFBC, USFWS, EPA, and ACOE.
Eolian Deposit (aka Aeolian) -----Wind deposit; typically in the form of silt (loess) or sand dunes.
EPA -----The Environmental Protection Agency, a federal agency responsible for implementing the federal
laws designed to protect the environment.
Ephemeral Stream -----A stream that flows only in direct response to precipitation.
Equivalent Opening Size (EOS) -----Number of the U.S. Bureau of Standards sieve (in mm or inches)
having openings closest in size to the diameter of uniform particles that will allow 5% by weight to
pass through, typically used to select filter fabric for use in filtration and separation.
ERC -----The Environmental Review Committee.
Erodibility -----Susceptibility to erosion.
Erodibility K Factor -----A measure of the susceptibility of soil particles to detachment and transport by
rainfall and runoff.
Erodible Soil (Easily) -----A soil having an Erodibility Factor (K) > 0.37.
Erosion -----The loosening and removal by wind and/or water of soil and/or rock from its location and
moving it to a place of deposition.
Accelerated Erosion -----Erosion much more rapid than normal, primarily due to human activity
Geologic Erosion -----The normal or natural erosion caused by geological processes acting over
long periods of time, resulting in wearing away of mountains and building up of floodplains.
Gully Erosion -----The erosion process whereby water accumulates in narrow channels over short
periods, and removes the soil from this narrow area to considerable depths.
Natural Erosion -----Wearing away of the earth’s surface by water, ice, or other natural agents
under natural environmental conditions of climate, vegetation, etc.
Normal Erosion -----The gradual erosion of land use by man that does not greatly exceed natural
erosion.
Rill Erosion -----An erosion process in which numerous small channels only several inches deep
are formed.
Sheet Erosion -----The removal of a fairly uniform layer of soil from the land surface by stormwater
runoff.
Splash Erosion -----The spattering of small soil particles caused by the impact of raindrops on
unprotected soil. The loosened particles are often removed by subsequent surface runoff.
Erosion and Sediment Control Permit -----A permit required by 25 Pa. Code Chapter 102 for Timber
Harvesting Activity or Roadway Maintenance Activity which disturbs 25 acres or more.
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