Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual.pdf

Generic Permits -----Chapter 105 permits issued to certain Commonwealth agencies, such as
PennDOT, DCNR, the Game Commission, and the Turnpike Commission, for maintenance
activities located in or along various streams.
Geocell -----A three-dimensional, permeable, polymeric — synthetic or natural — honeycomb or web
structure, made of alternating strips of geotextiles, geogrids, or geomembranes. They are
typically used for stabilizing steep slopes, high-velocity channels, or for constructing permeable
parking areas.
Geocomposite -----A manufactured or assembled material having at least one geosynthetic product
among the components.
Geofoam -----A polymeric material formed by the application of a polymer in semiliquid form through
the use of a foaming agent. The result is a lightweight material with a high void content.
Geographic Information System (GIS) -----A system that links spatial information such as satellite
images and maps with alphanumeric information to produce a geographically referenced
database.
Geogrid -----A stiff, net-like polymeric material used to reinforce, stabilize, and/or contain soil, rock,
earth or other material in a wide variety of applications including internally reinforced walls,
segmented retaining walls, steep slopes, etc.
Geologic Erosion ----- The normal erosion that occurs due to natural processes acting over long
periods of time without the influence of human activity.
Geologic Map -----A map showing one or more of the following: geologic formations outcropping at the
surface, lithology, structure of bedrock, other geologic features such as faults, fracture traces,
and slope movements.
Geomat -----A three-dimensional, permeable, polymeric — synthetic or natural — structure made of
bonded filaments, used for soil protection and to bind roots and small plants in erosion control
BMPs. A TRM.
Geomembrane -----An impervious thin sheet of rubber or plastic material that functions as a barrier to
liquid or vapor.
Geonet -----1. A planar, polymeric structure consisting of a regular dense network whose constituent
elements are linked by knots or extrusions and whose openings are much larger than the
constituents, such as jute netting. 2. A stiff, polymeric net-like sheet with in-plane openings used
primarily as a drainage material within landfills or in soil and rock masses.
Geosynthetic -----A planar, polymeric (synthetic or natural) material.
Geotextile -----A fabric manufactured from synthetic fiber (usually non-biodegradable, either woven or
non-woven) that is designed to achieve specific engineering objectives, including seepage
control, separation of materials, filtration, or protection of other construction materials.
Geotextile Tube -----A long, capsular structure filled with sand, often used to retard shoreline erosion.
Geothermal -----Terrestrial heat, usually associated with deep-seated groundwater. The normal
thermal gradient of the earth’s crust is such that the temperature in a deep well or mine typically
increases by about 1 O F for each 100 feet of depth.
Germination -----The beginning of plant growth. The sprouting of roots, stems, and leaves from seed.
GIS -----See Geographic Information System.
GISDRG -----GIS Digital Raster Graphics
Glacial Drift -----Earth material transported and deposited by the ice and/or water flowing from a
glacier.
Glacial Till -----Soil deposited by a receding glacier, composed of mixed clay, sand, gravel, and
boulders.
Gleyed Soil -----Soil that formed under poor drainage, resulting in the reduction of iron and other
elements in the profile and in gray colors and mottles.
Global Positioning System (GPS) -----A network of satellites that emit continuous location-finding
radio signals; GPS receivers use the signals from multiple satellites to determine their exact
three-dimensional location including latitude, longitude, and altitude.
GPM -----See Gallons Per Minute.
GPS -----See Global Positioning System.
Gradation -----The distribution of particle sizes in a material.
363-2134-008 / March 31, 2012 / Page 522